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1.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 37(3): 108-114, sep.-dic. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534966

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes: Las infecciones de transmisión sexual son un problema de salud pública mundial. El análisis rutinario incluye solo pruebas microbiológicas y serológicas para el diagnóstico de patógenos. Los microorganismos atípicos como Chlamydia trachomatis y micoplasmas no son identificados debido a los requerimientos. Además, no es incluida Gardnerella vaginalis, aunque se asocia a la vaginosis bacteriana. Objetivo: Desarrollar una PCR múltiplex para el diagnóstico de C. trachomatis, micoplasmas y G. vaginalis. Método: Se estandarizó la PCR múltiplex utilizando oligonucleótidos para C. trachomatis (gen ompA, orf6 plasmídico), Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma y G. vaginalis (genes rRNA16s). Resultados: Se estandarizaron pruebas de PCR múltiplex para los microorganismos estudiados, optimizándose las concentraciones y condiciones de las reacciones múltiplex. Se obtuvieron PCR dúplex para C. trachomatis (ompA, orf6), Chlamydia/Gardnerella y Chlamydia/micoplasmas y tríplex para Chlamydia/Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma. También un cuádruplex para Chlamydia/Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma/Gardnerella. Los resultados fueron verificados por PCR e hibridación automática (HybriSpot 12) y análisis in silico. Conclusión: Se desarrollaron pruebas de PCR múltiplex con una alta sensibilidad y especificidad para la identificación de C. trachomatis, micoplasmas y G. vaginalis.


Abstract Background: Sexually transmitted infections are a global public health problem. Routine analysis includes microbiological and serological tests for the diagnosis of pathogens. Atypical microorganisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas are not determined due to the requirements for their identification. Furthermore, Gardnerella vaginalis is not included despite being associated with bacterial vaginosis. Objective: To develop a multiplex PCR to diagnose Chlamydia, mycoplasmas, and Gardnerella. Method: Standardization of multiplex PCR tests was carried out using oligonucleotides for the identification of Chlamydia (ompA gene, plasmid orf6), Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma and Gardnerella (rRNA16s genes). Results: Multiplex PCR tests were standardized for the microorganisms studied, optimizing the concentrations and conditions of the multiplex reactions. Duplex PCR was obtained for Chlamydia (ompA, orf6), Chlamydia/Gardnerella, and Chlamydia/mycoplasmas, and triplex PCR for Chlamydia/mycoplasmas. Also, a quadruplex for Chlamydia, Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma and Gardnerella. PCR and automatic hybridization verified the results obtained (HybriSpot 12) and in silico analysis. Conclusion: Multiplex PCR tests with high sensitivity and specificity were developed to identify C. trachomatis, mycoplasmas, and G. vaginalis.

2.
Acta sci., Health sci ; 42: e50926, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1378333

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasmaspp. and Ureaplasmaspp. belong tohumans'genitourinary microbiota and sometimesare associated with infections of the genitourinarytract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Mycoplasmaspp. and Ureaplasmaspp. in genital specimens from patients of the 15thRegional de Saúde of ParanáState, Brazil, and to correlate the results with clinical and laboratory data.A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted,based on the analysis of results of vaginal, endocervical, urine andurethral culture for mycoplasmas from patients attended in areference laboratory, from January 2009 to December 2016. We evaluated 2,475 results of culture for mycoplasmas. A total of 50.8% patients were positive for mycoplasmas. Of these, 76.8%had positive culture exclusively for Ureaplasmaspp. and 4.7% for Mycoplasmahominis. Both microorganisms were isolated in the microbiology culture of 18.5% of patients. Among the positive culture, 81.4% had significant concentrations.Bacterialvaginosis was the most common alteration observed in association with mycoplasmas.Thehigh positivity of cultures for mycoplasmas, especially Ureaplasmaspp. found in our study, highlightthe presence of these microorganisms in many of the genital tract disorders that can be sexually transmitted and, consequently, should not be neglected.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ureaplasma/pathogenicity , Mycoplasma hominis/pathogenicity , Reproductive Tract Infections/parasitology , Patients , Urogenital System/parasitology , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Vaginosis, Bacterial/parasitology , Mycoplasma Infections/parasitology
3.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(1): 26-29, feb. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-776956

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp. are microorganisms responsible for genitourinary and pregnancy pathologies. Nucleic acid amplification methods have shown several advantages, but have not been widely studied for the detection of these microorganisms. Aim: To implement a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of the microorganisms and to compare its results versus the methods currently used at our laboratory. Material and Methods: 91 available samples were processed by PCR, culture (M. hominis y Ureaplasma spp.) and wet mount (T vaginalis). Results were compared and statistically analyzed by kappa agreement test. Results: 85, 80 and 87 samples resulted in agreement for the detection of M. hominis, Ureaplasma spp. y T. vaginalis, respectively. For M. hominis and Ureaplasma spp., agreement was substantial, whereas for T. vaginalis it was moderate, however, for the latter, PCR detected more cases than wet mount. Conclusion: We recommend the implementation of PCR for detection of T. vaginalis whereas culture kit is still a useful method for the other microorganisms.


Introducción: Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis y Ureaplasma spp. son microorganismos causantes de patología genito-urinaria y durante el embarazo. Los métodos de amplificación de ácidos nucleicos han demostrado numerosas ventajas, pero no han sido ampliamente estudiados para la detección de estos microorganismos. Objetivo: Implementar una reacción de polimerasa en cadena convencional (RPC) para su detección y comparar sus resultados con los métodos actuales de nuestro laboratorio. Material y Métodos: Se procesaron 91 muestras mediante RPC, cultivo (M. hominis y Ureaplasma spp.) y observación microscópica al fresco (T. vaginalis). Los resultados fueron comparados y analizados estadísticamente mediante el test de concordancia kappa. Resultados: 85, 80 y 87 muestras tuvieron resultados concordantes para la detección de M. hominis, Ureaplasma spp. y T. vaginalis, respectivamente. Para M. hominis y Ureaplasma spp. el nivel de concordancia fue considerable mientras que para T. vaginalis fue moderado; sin embargo, para esta última, la RPC detectó más casos que la microscopia al fresco. Conclusión: Se recomienda la implementación de la RPC para la detección de T. vaginalis. Para M. hominis y Ureaplasma spp. el kit de cultivo continúa siendo un buen método.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Mycoplasma Infections/diagnosis , Mycoplasma hominis/genetics , Trichomonas Infections/diagnosis , Trichomonas vaginalis/genetics , Ureaplasma Infections/diagnosis , Ureaplasma/genetics , Mycoplasma hominis/isolation & purification , Outpatients , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reproducibility of Results , Ureaplasma/isolation & purification
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 32(3): 283-288, jun. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-753485

ABSTRACT

Detection of non-symptomatic sexually transmitted infections (NSSTD) has taken great relevance, primarily due to global increase. This has led to implement various laboratory techniques with the aim of early detection of these silent infections to decrease the incidence. Techniques usually used for the detection and identification of NSSTD require invasive samples (blood, citobrush, etc.), so the urine could be a simpler option and noninvasive sample when the patient be subjected to test for some of these infections.


La detección de infecciones de transmisión sexual silentes (ITSS) ha tomado gran relevancia, debido principalmente a su incremento en el mundo. Esto ha llevado a implementar diversas técnicas de laboratorio con la finalidad de la detección precoz de estas infecciones silentes para disminuir su incidencia. Las técnicas que habitualmente se utilizan para la detección e identificación de ITSS requieren de una muestra invasora (sangre, citobrush, entre otras), por lo que la orina podria ser una opción de muestra más simple y no invasora al momento que el paciente se deba someter a un examen para detectar alguna de estas infecciones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Asymptomatic Infections , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/urine , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity
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