Research progress in ureter stents / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Ureteral stents play an important role in the treatment of ureteral strictures. It supports the narrow urethra and ensures the smooth flow of urine, thus alleviating the impact of ureteral stricture on kidney function. Traditional ureteral stents are prone to complications such as stones, bacterial infections, inflammation, and restenosis when indwelling in the body. This paper reviews the performance requirements of ureteral stents, introduces ureteral stents of different structures, functions, materials, and preparation as well as processing techniques, and analyzes the key problems and future research directions of ureteral stents, which provides a reference basis for the research of ideal ureteral stents.

Transurethral Exchange of Double-J Ureteral Stent Using Goose-Neck Snare

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of transurethral exchange of double-J ureteral stent as an effective alternative to the cystoscopic approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 20 exchange cases involving seven patients (six women and one man) who initially underwent antegrade manipulation of a double-J ureteral stent. Indications for stent placement were ureteral stricture caused by malignancy in six patients [cervical carcinoma (n=5), stomach carcinoma (n=1) ], and renal tuberculosis in one. An 8-F Nelaton catheter was inserted in the bladder via the urethra and contrast material was injected until the bladder was fully distended. The distal end of a double-J ureteral stent was extracted to the urethral orifice using a goose-neck snare and a 0.035 "stiff guide wire was then advanced to the renal pelvis through the stent. After that, the stent was removed and a 4-F Cobra catheter was advanced to the renal pelvis along the guide wire. Contrast material was injected through the catheter, and the renal pelvis, calyx and ureter were opacified. The 0.035 "stiff guide wire was again inserted via the catheter, a new double-J ureteral stent was inserted, and the catheter removed. Finally, the new double-J stent was properly located within the renal pelvis and the bladder. RESULTS: Double-J ureteral stents were successfully exchanged in 19 of 20 exchange cases. After the procedure, all patients reported tolerable, minimal lower abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: Transurethral exchange of double-J ureteral stent is a useful alternative to cystoscopy.