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Objective To discuss the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods Color Doppler ultrasonography exam was practiced in 84 UTUC patients preoperatively.According to ultrasound characteristics,lesions was classified into nodular type,wall thickening type and solid mass type,which were confirmed by pathology in all cases postoperatively.Results In the total of 84 cases (76 transitional-cell carcinoma,5 adenocarcinoma and 3 epidermoid carcinoma),lesions infiltrated laminae propria and surrounding tissue in 65 cases.In the nodular type of UTUC,there were nodules raising into lumen.Wall thickening type of UTUC was characterized by irregularly wall thickening,lumen narrowing,truncating and breaking.Similarly,obstruction broke off the ureteral lumen suddenly in solid mass type of UTUC.A clear demarcation could be found between the pipe wall and surrounding tissue in nodular type.However,such clear demarcation could not be found in wall thickening type and solid mass type.The accordance rate of ultrasonographic located diagnosis were 92.9 ％ (78/84),with 6 missed diagnosis cases.The accordance rate of qualitative diagnosis were 89.7％ (70/78).Conclusions As result of color Doppler ultrasonography,there were different relationship between lesion and the peripheral tissue in different types of UTUC.In types of wall thickening and solid mass,the demarcation was unclear and it is easier to violate the surrounding tissue.Color Doppler ultrasonography can provide more effective information for diagnosis and therapy UTUC.
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Objective To establish a simple and useful kidney or bladder orthotopic tumor model used in preclinical pharmacodynamic evaluation.Methods Mouse model of orthotopic renal cancer were established by subrenal capsule implantation.After aspirating urine and irrigating bladder with PBS,the bladder urothelium was slightly impaired to establish the orthotopic bladder tumor model.Then, B-Ultrasound and H&E staining were used to confirm the availability.Results Tumors could be seen 2 weeks after surgery, accompanied by body mass loss of the mice.H&E staining showed that the tumor cells acted as infiltrative growth.The growth of tumor was inhibited by NTX in vivo, the tumor mass inhibitory rate of the KCC-853 orthotopic tumor model was 57.5% of 60 mg/kg NTX treatment and 48.8% in the T24 orthotopic tumor model of 30 mg/kg NTX treatment.Conclusion Our methods for establishing the orthotopic kidney or bladder tumor model are simple and practical.The results indicate that nitroxoline has potential antitumor activity.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of multi-tomographic imaging mode of three-dimensional ultrasound combined with surface imaging in diagnosing and staging bladder tumors.Methods Seventy-five patients were examined with three-dimensional ultrasound and two-dimensional ultrasound.In addition,54 cases were undergone preoperative multislice spiral CT.All cases were proved by pathology after operation.Results The qualitation accuracy in the diagnosis of bladder tumor with two-dimensional ultrasound was 93.3%(70/75) and that of three-dimensional ultrasound was 98.7%(74/75).The staging accuracy rates with two-dimensional ultrasound and three-dimensional ultrasound were 83.5%(106/127) and 93.2%(123/132) respectively.The difference of bladder tumor staging between three-dimensional ultrasound and two-dimensional ultrasound was significant (P＜0.05).The qualitation accuracy in the diagnosis of bladder tumor with CT was 90.7%(49/54).The preoperative staging rate of CT was 79.7%(59/74),compared with that of three-dimensional ultrasound,the difference was significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions Multi-tomographic imaging mode of three-dimensional ultrasound combined with surface imaging can provide useful information and makes an improvement in detecting and staging bladder tumors.
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objective To evaluate the clinical application value of ileum to the S-type of suture pro- duced orthotopic neobladder.Methods Radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder with"S"shape were per- formed in 3patients with transitional cell carcinoma.Ureter implant into neobladder with embedding nipple techniques,bottom of neobladder coincide with urethra stump.Results The average operative time to form a neobladder was 5 hours,average bleeding volume was 366 ml during operation,3 cases can control urine dur- ing daytime,nycturia 1-3 times every night.Neobladder has a large capacity,low pressure,and electrolytes of blood was normal.Conclusion The construction of an ileal neobladder using a smaller part of ileum that has been completely detubularized and fashioned by S shape is easy and agreeable to perform.This mode of oper- ation has low complication rates,achieves adequate capacity at low pressure,and provides satisfactory conti- nence rates.It is a fine scheme to treat invasion and multiple carcinoma of bladder.