Nefropatía diabética como factor de riesgo asociado a infección del tracto urinario, servicio de medicina del hospital uldarico rocca fernández, 2011 ­ 2015 / Diabetic nephropathy as risk factor associated with urinary tract infection, medical service of the hospital uldarico rocca fernandez, 2011 - 2015

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus es una de las patologías más prevalentes, afectando hasta el 2014 a un 9% de la población mundial y en el Perú el 4.3% de la población adulta ya es diabética. Estos pacientes son más susceptibles a enfermedades infecciosas, siendo la del tracto urinario la más frecuente, considerándose complicada, lo que significa que deben recibir manejo hospitalario, conllevando a disminución de la calidad de vida de los mismos. Objetivo: Determinar si la nefropatía diabética es un factor de riesgo para la prevalencia de infección del tracto urinario en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina del Hospital Uldarico Rocca Fernández. Métodos: Es un estudio observacional, analítico de corte longitudinal, tipo caso y control; la información se recolectó mediante una ficha de datos utilizando las historias clínicas de los pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina del Hospital Uldarico Rocca Fernández en el periodo 2011-2015. La muestra se obtuvo por muestreo probabilístico, siendo el tamaño de esta de 360, con una proporción de casos y controles 1:1. Resultados: La nefropatía diabética obtuvo un OR=8.62 (IC95% 4.78 ­ 15.57), la macroalbuminuria obtuvo un OR=5.75 (IC95% 2.99 ­ 11.06), el pH alcalino obtuvo un OR=5.42 (IC95% 3.22 - 9.13) y el control glucémico obtuvo un OR=5.44 (IC95% 3.44 - 8.88). Conclusión: La nefropatía diabética se asocia a mayor prevalencia de ITU en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina del Hospital Uldarico Rocca Fernández.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent pathologies, affecting up to 2014 to 9% of the world population and in Peru, 4,3% of the adult population is already diabetic. These patients are more susceptible to infectious diseases, urinary tract infection are the most complicated frequently involve, these patients receive hospital treatment, decreasing their life quality. Objective: To determine if diabetic nephropathy is a risk factor for the prevalence of urinary tract infection in hospitalized patients at the Uldarico Rocca Fernandez Hospital. Methods: It is an observational, analytical study of longitudinal cut, case and control type; the information was collected through a data sheet using the medical records of patients hospitalized in the medical service of the Hospital Uldarico Rocca Fernandez in the period 2011-2015. The sample was obtained by probabilistic sampling, sample size of 360, with a proportion of cases and controls 1:1. Results: Diabetic nephropathy had an OR = 8.62 (95% CI 4.78 - 15.57), macroalbuminuria obtained an OR = 5.75 (95% CI 2.99-11.06), the alkaline pH had an OR = 5.42 (95% CI 3.22-9.13) and the Glycemic control obtained an OR = 5.44 (95% CI 3.44 - 8.88). Conclusion: Diabetic nephropathy is associated with a higher prevalence of UTI in patients hospitalized in the medical service of the Hospital Uldarico Rocca Fernandez.

pH urinario y estado nutricional en pacientes cubanos con urolitiasis / Urinary pH and nutritional status in Cuban ptients with urolithiasis

INTRODUCCIÓN: la obesidad y las urolitiasis son problemas crecientes en el mundo. El pH urinario ácido (bajo) predispone a las urolitiasis. OBJETIVO: determinar la posible relación entre el peso corporal y el índice de masa corporal con el pH urinario en pacientes litiásicos. MÉTODOS: estudio observacional analítico transversal en el que se incluyeron todos los pacientes litiásicos adultos cubanos que se hicieron estudio metabólico renal en el Instituto de Nefrología entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2012, que no presentaran ninguna condición con reconocida influencia sobre el pH urinario. Se midió el pH urinario y se hizo minicultivo con una muestra de orina en ayunas. Se midió el peso, la talla y se calculó el índice de masa corporal. La información se procesó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 15.0. Fue calculada la media, la desviación estándar, máximo y mínimo de edad, peso e índice de masa corporal. Las comparaciones entre las variables se hicieron por análisis de varianza. RESULTADOS: fueron estudiados 1 724 pacientes con una edad promedio de 41,6 años y una relación hombre/mujer de 2,1/1. El pH urinario medio disminuyó 0,23 unidades del sextil de menos peso corporal al de mayor peso (p= 0,00). El pH urinario medio fue de 5,69 en desnutridos y normopesos, en sobrepesos fue de 5,59 y de 5,53 en obesos (p= 0,00). CONCLUSIÓN: el pH urinario en ayunas tiene una relación inversa con el peso corporal y el índice de masa corporal en pacientes adultos con litiasis urinarias sin infección del tracto urinario.

INTRODUCTION: obesity and urolithiasis are growing problems in the world. The acid (low) urinary pH predisposes urolithiasis. OBJECTIVE: determine the possible relationship between body weight and body mass index (BMI) with urinary pH in patients with kidney stones. METHODS: a cross-sectional observational study was conducted in all Cuban adults lithiasic patients who underwent renal metabolic study at the Nephrology Institute from January 2011 to December 2012, and who did not have any conditions with recognized influence on urinary pH. Urinary pH was measured and a mini-culture was performed on a fasting urine sample. Weight, height and body mass index were registered. The information was processed using SPSS version 15.0. Mean age, standard deviation of minimum and maximum age, weight and body mass index were calculated. Comparisons between variables were made by analysis of variance. RESULTS: 1 724 patients were studied with age average of 41.6 years and a male/female ratio of 2.1/1. The urinary pH mean decreased 0.23 sextile units from less to heavier body weight (p= 0.00). The urinary pH mean was 5.69 in malnourished and normal weight patients, it was 5.59 in overweight patients, and 5.53 in those obese (p= 0.00). CONCLUSION: fasting urinary pH is inversely related to body weight and body mass index in adult patients with urinary lithiasis without infection of the urinary tract.

Assessment of vagotomy status with postprandial urinary alkaline tide.

Aim: This study was carried out to assess whether the postprandial urinary alkaline tide, as a marker for the completeness of vagotomy, is dependent on the nature of the test meal, whether it is affected by proton pump inhibitor therapy, and whether it is reliable. Methods: The postprandial urinary alkaline tide (PUAT) pattern was prospectively assessed in three different study groups and one control group of healthy volunteers. The three study groups were as follows; A (n = 20) i.e. the Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Group; B (n = 25) i.e. the Truncal Vagotomy (TV) Group; and C (n = 5) i.e. the Recurrent Ulcer (RU) Group. Urinary pH was measured by a pocket digital pH meter. Results: Postprandial urinary alkaline tide in the control group was significantly higher compared to the fasting levels. Liquid diet did not elicit a significant urinary alkaline tide response. There was a statistically significant fall in both fasting urinary pH (5.34 ± 0.70 vs. 4.80 ± 0.61, p = 0.031) and the postprandial alkaline tide (6.99 ± 0.79 vs. 4.94 ± 0.63, p = 0.0001) after taking proton pump inhibitors. In the truncal vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy group it was found that there was a significant fall in both the mean fasting (5.28 ± 0.58, vs. 4.92 ± 0.66, p = 0.032) and the postprandial urinary pH (6.29 ± 0.92 vs. 5.09 ± 0.73, p = 0.0001) following surgery. Conclusion: This study establishes that simple measurement of the urinary pH before and after a standard test meal can be used as an accurate routine test for the completion of vagotomy. It also showed that proton pump inhibitors abolish the alkaline tide and therefore must be discontinued before measuring the alkaline tide. Liquid test meal was not effective in eliciting an alkaline tide as compared to a solid meal.