Laparoscopic Deloyers Procedure as a Salvage Technique for Colorectal Anastomosis: An Alternative to Total Colectomy

Introduction: The Deloyers procedure is a valuable technique used in reconstructing bowel transit following an extended left colectomy, a Hartmann-type colostomy, or repeated colon resections. It enables the creation of a tension-free colorectal or coloanal anastomosis. Case presentation: A 60-year-old female patient presented for consultation regarding the closure of a colostomy. Her medical history included segmental colectomy of the sigmoid and descending colon, resulting in a Hartmann-type colostomy due to complicated diverticulitis. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery, during which a segment of the transverse colon with a short mesocolon was identified. Due to the complete release of the colon, a colorectal anastomosis could not be performed. As an alternative to preserving the ileocecal valve and achieving a tension-free colorectal anastomosis, the patient underwent the Deloyers procedure. Discussion: The Deloyers procedure involves tension-free anastomosis between the right colon and the rectum or anus. It includes complete mobilization and a 180° counterclockwise rotation of the hepatic angle and the right colon. The right and middle colic vessels are divided, while preserving the ileocolic pedicle and the ileocecal valve, thus avoiding the need for total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, which may yield unsatisfactory functional outcomes. Conclusion: The Deloyers procedure represents a viable alternative to ileorectal or ileoanal anastomosis, offering satisfactory functional outcomes.

Introducción: el procedimiento de Deloyers es una técnica útil en la reconstrucción del tránsito intestinal posterior a una colectomía izquierda ampliada, colostomía tipo Hartmann o resecciones colónicas iterativas, pues asegura una anastomosis colorrectal o coloanal sin tensión. Presentación del caso: una mujer de 60 años acudió a consulta para el cierre de una colostomía, con antecedente de colectomía segmentaria del sigmoides y colon descendente derivada con colostomía tipo Hartmann por diverticulitis complicada. Fue llevada a cirugía laparoscópica, en la que se encontró un segmento de colon transverso con meso corto y al liberarse completamente no se logró realizar la anastomosis colorrectal, por lo que se decidió realizar el procedimiento de Deloyers como alternativa para conservar la válvula ileocecal y obtener la anastomosis colorrectal libre de tensión. Discusión: el procedimiento de Deloyers consiste en la unión del colon derecho y recto o ano libre de tensión después de realizar la movilización completa y rotación de 180° en sentido antihorario del ángulo hepático y el colon derecho, en el que se seccionan los vasos cólicos derecho y medio, con preservación del pedículo ileocólico y la válvula ileocecal, para evitar la necesidad de una colectomía total y una anastomosis ileorrectal, para la cual los resultados funcionales pueden ser insatisfactorios. Conclusión: el procedimiento de Deloyers es una alternativa viable a la anastomosis ileorrectal o ileoanal con resultados funcionales satisfactorios.

Cistoadenoma mucinoso de la válvula ileocecal: tumoración intestinal infrecuente en un niño de 1 año. Reporte de caso / Mucinous cystadenoma of the ileocecal valve. Uncommon intestinal tumor in a oneyear-old boy. Case report

RESUMEN El cistoadenoma mucinoso se encuentra usualmente en el ovario, páncreas y el apéndice, pero su presentación en el intestino es extremadamente rara. En este reporte de caso, presentamos a un niño con obstrucción parcial intestinal debido a un cistoadenoma mucinoso en la válvula ileocecal. En la cirugía se retiró el íleo terminal, válvula ileocecal, ciego y apéndice, seguido de anastomosis ileocecal. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente en el postoperatorio y se recuperó sin contratiempos. A nuestro entender, este es el primer reporte de presentación de este tumor en dicha localización.

ABSTRACT Mucinous cystadenoma is usually found in the ovary, pancreas and appendix but its presentation in the intestine is extremely rare. In this case report we present an infant with partial intestinal occlusion due to a mucinous cystadenoma of the ileocecal valve. We performed an excision of the terminal ileum, ileocecal valve, cecum and appendix, followed by ileocolic anastomosis. The patient did well after the procedure and recovered uneventfully. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of this tumor in this location.

Resultados clínicos y funcionales de la cecoproctoplastia con rotación anti horaria - Experiencia preliminar / Clinical and functional results of the ceco proctoplasty with anti clockwise rotation - Preliminary experience

Introducción: la colectomía subtotal con anastomosis cecorrectal o cecoproctoplastia, es una alternativa a la colectomía total con anastomosis ileorrectal; permite conservar el íleon distal, válvula ileocecal y el ciego preservando las importantes funciones de absorción. El objetivo del trabajo es observar los resultados clínicos y funcionales post operatorios de la cecoproctoplastia. Materiales y Métodos: los pacientes seleccionados con promedio de 57 años de edad, fueron 3 (tres) casos de diverticulosis colónica complicada, 2 (dos) casos con hemorragia y 1 (uno) con diverticulitis, 1 (uno) caso de angiodisplasias múltiples y 1 (uno) caso de cáncer de colon sigmoides, adenocarcinoma bien diferenciado T2 N0 M0, todos fueron sometidos a colonoscopia y en cuatro de ellos se efectuó enema opaco y todos presentaban válvula ileocecal continente. La técnica, sigue la propuesta de Zinzidohoue. Resultados: no se registraron mortalidad ni complicaciones mayores. Los resultados funcionales en relación a la cantidad y característica de las deposiciones diarias al año del postoperatorio, todos los pacientes presentaron 2 a 3 deposiciones diarias. Discusión: en 1998, Zinzidohoue propuso una modificación a la técnica de Deloyers en la colectomía subtotal con conservación de la unión ileocecal, que preserva la continuidad anastomosando el ciego al muñón rectal. Esta técnica, representa actualmente una alternativa a la colectomía total con anastomosis ileorrectal considerado a menudo como insatisfactorio debido a la alta frecuencia de diarrea y alto índice obstrucción del intestino delgado. Conclusión: nuestra experiencia preliminar, nos permite afirmar que la cecoproctoplastia es una técnica aconsejable en seleccionados casos, representa una alternativa a la ileoproctoanastomosis por sus resultados clínicos y funcionales satisfactorio.

Background: subtotal colectomy with cecorrectal anastomosis or cecoproctoplasty is an alternative to total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. It allows keeping the distal ileon, the ileocaecal valve and the cecum, preserving important absorption functions. This work is aimed to evaluate the postoperative clinical and functional outcomes from cecoproctoplasty technique. Materials and methods: five patients with a mean age of 57 years old were selected. Three of them were suffering from complicated colonic diverticulitis, 2 with hemorrhage and 1 with diverticulitis; 1 case of multiple angiodysplasia and 1 with sigmoid colon cancer, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma T2N0M0. All of them undergone colonoscopy, in 4 of them were performed x ray with barium enema. All patients presented good continence of the ileocaecal valve. The technique is based on the proposal of Zinzidohoue. Results: there was no mortality and no postoperative complication. Functional outcomes regarding the number and characteristics of mean daily stool frequency over a year was 2-3. Discussion: by 1998, Zinzidohoue proposed a Deloyers’ technique modification in subtotal colectomy with ileocaecal junction conservation, which keeps the continuity, joining the cecum to the rectal stump. This technique represents an alternative to total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. It is often considered as unsatisfactory because of the high rate of diarrhea and small intestine obstruction. Conclusion: our preliminary experience allows us to state that cecoproctoplasty is a recommended technique in selected cases. It represents an alternative to ileorectal anastomosis because of its satisfactory clinical and functional results.

Cecoscopia, domo de la base del apéndice como localizador de la válvula ileocecal / Cecoscopy, appendix dome for identifying ileocecal valve

Introduction: Ileoscopy during colonoscopy or retrograde enteroscopy, is increasingly required and is considered a quality criteria in colonoscopy. The appendix is found in most cases with his mesoappendix oriented medially in the direction of the ileocecal valve. Because of this, the location of the dome of the base of the appendix should indicate the direction of the ileocecal valve. Methods: Observational study. We included 100 consecutive colonoscopies, in which adequate visualization of cecal pole, appendiceal orifice and its dome, was achieved. We excluded patients with sub-optimal colon preparation and those who had previous appendectomy or right hemicolectomy. The procedures were performed between September 2009 and April 2010, by two experienced operators. Success in finding the ileocecal valve was considered if the direction of the dome of the appendix provided guidance to the location of it and the entrance to distal ileum. Results: We evaluated 100 procedures, in which the distal ileum was entered following the direction of the dome of the appendix in 98 patients (98 percent). In two patients (2 percent) the ileocecal valve was not in the direction provided by the dome of the appendix. In one of them the valve was exactly in the opposite direction of the dome, and in the other was at 90º of it. Conclusions: As described in our series, it seems recommendable to use the dome of the appendicular base for the location of the ileocecal valve and terminal ileum access.

Introducción: La ileoscopia durante la colonoscopia o la enteroscopia retrógrada, es cada vez más requerida y se considera criterio de calidad en colonoscopia. El apéndice se encuentra en la mayoría de los casos con su mesoapéndice orientado hacia medial en la dirección de la válvula ileocecal. Debido a esto, la localización del domo de la base apendicular, debería señalar la dirección de la válvula ileocecal. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional. Se incluyeron 100 colonoscopias consecutivas, en las cuales se logró una adecuada visualización del polo cecal, y del orificio apendicular y su domo. Se excluyeron los pacientes con preparación de colon sub-óptima, apendicectomizados y hemicolectomizados de colon derecho. Los procedimientos fueron realizados entre septiembre de 2009 y abril de 2010, por dos operadores experimentados. Se consideró éxito en encontrar la válvula ileocecal, si la dirección del domo del apéndice orientaba a la ubicación de ésta y la entrada al íleon distal. Resultados: Se evaluaron 100 procedimientos, en los cuales se ingresó al íleon distal siguiendo la dirección del domo del apéndice en 98 pacientes (98 por ciento). En dos pacientes (2 por ciento) la válvula ileocecal no se encontraba en la dirección que orientaba el domo del apéndice. En uno de ellos la válvula estaba exactamente en la dirección opuesta a la que mostraba el domo, y en el otro estaba a 90º de éste. Conclusiones: Según lo descrito en nuestra serie, parece recomendable utilizar el domo de la base apendicular para la localización de la válvula ileocecal y el acceso al íleon terminal.

Primera enteroscopia de doble balón por vía oral total realizada en Cuba / First double-baloon oral enteroscopy carried out in Cuba

Se presenta un paciente atendido en el Departamento de Endoscopia Digestiva del Instituto de Gastroenterología, al que se le realizó enteroscopia de doble balón por vía oral. Se logró la exploración de totalidad del intestino delgado mediante la intubación de la válvula ileocecal por vía anterógrada, se exploraron los primeros centímetros del colon derecho. No se presentaron complicaciones y la enteroscopia se realizó en un tiempo total de 115 min. No se ha reportado hasta el momento en el país, la exploración total del intestino delgado mediante esta novedosa técnica...

This is the case of a patient came to Digestive Endoscopy Department of the Gastroenterology Institute, who undergoes an oral double-baloon enteroscopy and exploration of whole small bowel, intubation of ileocecal valve via anterograde and of the first centimeters of right colon. There were not complications and procedure was performed in 115 minutes. Until now there was not report in our country of the total exploration of small bowel using this novel technique...

Tuberculose intestinal como causa de obstrução intestinal: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Intestinal tuberculosis cause of intestinal obstruction: case report and literature review

A tuberculose intestinal geralmente é uma complicação da doença pulmonar, pela deglutição de escarro infectado. Com o advento da SIDA, houve aumento importante na incidência de tuberculose de uma forma geral. Ocorre com maior freqüência em países tropicais e subdesenvolvidos. A região ileocecal constitui o sítio de maior comprometimento. Palidez, perda ponderal, sudorese noturna e febre são os achados mais comuns ao exame físico. Dor abdominal é o principal achado no exame abdominal. A complicação mais freqüente é a obstrução intestinal. O diagnóstico pré-operatório é muito difícil, sendo o de certeza dado pelo exame histopatológico ou em culturas de tecidos. O tratamento cirúrgico está indicado nos casos das raras complicações.

Intestinal tuberculosis occurs often as a pulmonary disease complication, when infected sputum is swallowed. With AIDS there was a significant increasement of tuberculosis in all of it forms. It happens more often in tropical and third world countries. The ileocecal is the site with most commitment. Paleness, weight loss, night sweats and fever are the most common findings on physical examination. Abdominal pain is the main finding in the abdominal examination. The most frequent complication is intestinal obstruction. The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult, and the certainty provided by histopathological examination or in tissue culture. Surgical treatment is indicated in cases of rare complications.

Abdomen agudo oclusivo por áscaris: caso clínico / Acute occlusive abdomen caused by ascaris: clinical case report

En nuestro país de manera general se agudiza periódicamente el alto riesgo de enfermar y en algunos casos, morir, por enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias especialmente en niños, las cuales tratadas oportunamente y con terapéutica accesible a la población, producirá resultados positivos, evitando complicaciones, que permitirán mejorar el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño así como el nivel de vida de la familia. Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente operado en el hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, de Azogues, por abdomen agudo oclusivo por áscaris. El paciente ingreso por dolor abdominal, alza térmica, vómito y falta de eliminación de heces. Se realizó biometría hemática. A la exploración física: muestra apariencia general regular, fascies álgica, abdomen con dolor a la palpación superficial y profunda de forma difusa, se palpa masa a nivel de fosa iliaca derecha. Se decide intervención quirúrgica. En las Fig. 4,7,8,9,10 se visualiza invasión masiva de áscaris dentro del intestino delgado que compromete una extensión de 15cm de longitud, a 4cm de la válvula ileocecal; la evolución fue satisfactoria egresando al sexto día.

In our country, it is very common that periodically there appears the high risk to get sick and in some cases, to die, by infectious and parasitic diseases specially children, which treated in time through therapy available to the population, would produce positive results and avoid complications, allowing the growth and development of children as well as the quality of life of the family. We report a case of a patient operated at the Hospital of Homero Castanier Crespo Azogues with occlusive acute abdomen caused by ascaris. The patient was hospitalized for abdominal pain, thermal expansion, emesis and lack of elimination of feces. Hematic biometry was carried out. In the physical examination he: shows regular appearance, algic fascia, abdomen shows pain when palpated superficially and deeply, mass was palpated at the right iliac region. Surgical intervention is performed. In Fig No. 4,7,8,9,10 a massive invasion of ascaris is displayed inside the small intestine that takes on an extension of 15 cm length to 4 cm from the ileocecal valve, the progress was satisfactory. The patient was discharged on the sixth day.

The small bowel flora in individuals with cecoileal reflux / Estudo da flora do delgado em doentes com refluxo cecoileal

BACKGROUND: The observation of cecoileal reflux to barium enema is not rare; however, its causes and consequences have not been widely investigated. Considering that ileocecal junction exerts a function as barrier to invasion of bacteria from colon to small bowel, it seems interesting to study the intestinal microflora in subjects carrying cecoileal reflux. AIMS: This study aims at evaluating the ileal flora in individuals with cecoileal reflux. METHODS: A group of 36 subjects comprising 30 females and 6 males with a mean age of 54 years was assessed. Twenty-five individuals with cecoileal reflux and 11 without cecoileal reflux were submitted to small intestine contamination evaluation through the breath test with lactulose-H2 and measurement of the orocecal transit time by means of alternate current biosusceptometry. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth was characterized by orocecal transit time-H2 shortening. RESULTS: Comparison of basal H2, orocecal transit time-H2 and orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry measurements did not statistically differ between the groups with and without cecoileal reflux. Orocecal transit time-H2 was significantly smaller than orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry, particularly in individuals with cecoileal reflux. A significant correlation between the two methods was observed only in relation to control, not existing in relation to cecoileal reflux group. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller orocecal transit time-H2 and the loss of correlation with orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry observed in the individuals with cecoileal reflux suggest a differentiated behavior for such group relative to control, which could be associated with small intestine bacterial overgrowth.

RACIONAL: Fato de observação não rara, é o encontro de refluxo cecoileal durante realização de enema opaco. As causas e conseqüências deste achado têm sido pouco estudadas. OBJETIVOS: Sabendo que a junção ileocecal exerce função de barreira e proteção contra a invasão do delgado pela flora colônica, realizou-se o presente estudo com a finalidade de investigar se existe contaminação ileal em indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal ao enema opaco. MÉTODOS: Investigaram-se 36 indivíduos, 30 mulheres e 6 homens, idade média de 54 anos, 25 com e 11 com ausência refluxo cecoileal. Todos submetidos a pesquisa de contaminação bacteriana do delgado por intermédio de teste respiratório com lactulose-H2 e a determinação do tempo de trânsito orocecal por meio de biossusceptometria de corrente alternada. A caracterização da contaminação do delgado foi baseada no encurtamento do tempo de trânsito orocecal medido pelo teste da lactulose-H2. RESULTADOS: A comparação dos valores basais do H2, do tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria de corrente alternada não diferiram estatisticamente entre os grupos com e sem refluxo cecoileal. Quando comparados os tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria, foi observado aumento de tendência de redução do primeiro em relação ao último nos grupos com refluxo cecoileal e correlação significante entre os dois métodos apenas no grupo-controle, inexistindo nos com refluxo cecoileal. CONCLUSÃO: Encurtamento do tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e sua perda de correlação com o tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria observado em indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal, sugerem comportamento diferenciado deste grupo em relação ao grupo-controle. Possível explicação para as diferenças registradas entre os grupos, seria a presença de flora anômala nos indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal.

Lipoma de la válvula ileocecal: informe de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Ileocecal valve lipoma: case report and review of the literature

Introducción: los lipomas son los tumores benignos más frecuentes en tubo digestivo y hasta 50 % se encuentra en el colon. La mayoría son submucosos y varían de acuerdo a su incidencia, localización, sintomatología y patogénesis, lo que dificulta su diagnóstico. Nuestro objetivo fue conocer las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas causadas por un lipoma en la válvula ileocecal, y hacer una revisión de la literatura de esta localización poco frecuente. Caso clínico: mujer de 78 años que presentó cuadros repetidos de oclusión intestinal parcial con distensión abdominal, constipación y obstipación. Se realizó colonoscopia que mostró tumoración submucosa de 30 mm en válvula ileocecal; la tomografía computarizada de abdomen mostró tumoración nodular de densidad grasa en válvula ileocecal. La paciente fue sometida a laparotomía exploradora y cecotomía, donde se identificó y resecó tumoración submucosa, la cual fue enviada a estudio transoperatorio; dado que se trató de una tumoración benigna, se respetó la válvula ileocecal y se realizó cierre primario. El reporte histopatológico definitivo fue lipoma, negativo para malignidad. Conclusiones: es importante conocer las distintas formas de presentación de los lipomas, ya que fácilmente pueden confundirse con lesiones malignas (sobre todo si existe ulceración de la mucosa) y someter al paciente a procedimientos mayores. Sólo deben resecarse si producen síntomas o son mayores a 2 cm.

BACKGROUND: Lipomas are the most frequent benign tumors of the digestive tract and 50% are localized in the colon. Most are found submucosally and may vary in their incidence, localization, symptoms and pathogenesis, making diagnosis difficult. We undertook this study to learn the different presentations of an ileocecal valve (ICV) lipoma and conduct a review of the literature due to this uncommon location. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 78-year-old female with intermittent small bowel occlusion, abdominal distention and constipation. Colonoscopy showed a submucous tumor at the ICV, CT scan showed a tumor at the ICV with fat density. Laparotomy was performed with primary resection of the lesion by cecotomy, frozen section was reported as nonmalignant so a primary closure without ICV involvement was achieved. Definitive pathology revealed a benign lipoma. CONCLUSION: It is important to know the different presentations of these benign tumors because if there is mucosal ulceration they can be mistaken for a malignant lesion and lead to greater resections. Resection is necessary if they are symptomatic or >2 cm.