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Objective:To investigate acute adverse events and pregnancy outcome after vaccination of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods:The retrospective-prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women of 11-13 +6 weeks of gestation who visited the obstetric clinics for prenatal check in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May to November in 2021, after registration for perinatal health cards in the community. Those who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and were divided into vaccination group and non-vaccination group according to whether they received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in the first trimester. Women in the vaccination group were further divided into 1-dose group and 2-dose group. Information, including pregnancy-related screening, pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcome and acute adverse events, were collected and compared with independent samples t-test or ANOVA, Kruskal- Wallis H test or Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability method. Results:Totally, 105 pregnant women were analyzed in 1-dose group, 90 in 2-dose group, and 194 in non-vaccination group. (1) There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of acute adverse events [1-dose group: 2.86% (3/105); 2-dose group: 6.67% (6/90); non-vaccination group: 4.63% (9/194); χ2=1.59; vaccination group was 4.61% (9/195), when compared with non-vaccination group, χ2=0.00], abnormal pregnancy-related screening indicators and abnormal pregnancy outcome among the three groups (all P>0.05), neither between the vaccination and non-vaccination group (all P>0.05). The acute adverse events in these women included fever, pain at the inoculation site, fatigue, local induration and rash.(2) The differences in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy among the three groups were statistically significant [1-dose group: 10.5%(11/105); 2-dose group: 17.8%(16/90); non-vaccination group: 7.7%(15/194); χ2=6.46, P=0.040], and the incidence was higher in the 2-dose group than that in the non-vaccination group (adjusted by Bonferroni, P<0.017). (3) Regarding other pregnancy complications, no difference was found among the three groups (all P>0.05), neither between the vaccination and non-vaccination group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The risk of acute adverse events and adverse pregnancy outcome is similar in pregnant women who received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine versus those who did not in the first trimester, and regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended for those who received two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.
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@#We have effective vaccines against some of the common and dangerous infections in children. Most of these vaccines have a high safety profile. Vaccines available for routine immunisations belong to different categories. Live viral vaccines are highly effective and provides a good protective effect against the infections caused by those viruses. Conjugate and toxoid bacterial vaccines are also very effective. An overview of all the recommended childhood vaccines, along with their dosing schedule and specific contraindications are discussed. We have looked at situations where vaccinations should be delayed or avoided. Catch up vaccination recommendations for missed or delayed vaccinations are briefly discussed.
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Objective@#To evaluate the immunogenicity of different strains of inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (IPV) by sequential program.@*Methods@#This parallel-group controlled trial was conducted in immunization clinics in Shanghai from March 2016 to September 2017. Sabin strains inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (sIPV), WPV strains inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines (wIPV) and live poliomyelitis Type Ⅰ Type Ⅲ vaccine (bOPV) as the investigational vaccine were used at 2, 3, 4 months old in 325 infants in Shanghai. Infants vaccinated by four sequential program were divided into 4 groups: sIPV+sIPV+bOPV, sIPV+wIPV+bOPV, wIPV+sIPV+bOPV and wIPV+wIPV+bOPV. A total of 230 investigators′ blood samples were collected before primary immunization and 163 investigators′ blood samples were collected after primary immunization. A total of 151 investigators (36, 44, 30 and 41 in each group) finished primary immunization and blood sampling before and after the primary immunization. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of poliovirus typesⅠ and Ⅲ neutralizing antibody was tested and calculated, and the positive results of antibody before and after primary immunization were analyzed.@*Results@#Among the 151 investigators, the age were (2.27±0.61) months and birth weight were (3.27±0.43) kg, and 70 were male. The positive rates of typeⅠwas 98.68% (149 cases), and type Ⅲ was 97.35% (147 cases); the number of investigators tested in each group was 36, 44, 30 and 41, respectively; the positive rates of typeⅠwas 97.22% (35 cases), 100.00% (44 cases), 96.67% (29 cases) and 100.00% (41 cases) (P=0.345); the positive rates of type Ⅲ were 97.22% (35 cases), 95.45% (42 cases), 96.67% (29 cases) and 100.00% (41 cases) (P=0.614).@*Conclusion@#Using sIPV and wIPV simultaneously or alternately for sequential immunization of poliomyelitis vaccines showed good immunogenicity for infants at appropriate age.
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Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in adults aged 18-64 years,through a Meta-analysis.Methods Literature was retrieved by searching the Medline,Cochrane Library,Science Direct in the past decade.All the studies were under random control trial (RCT) and including data related to immunogenicity which involving sero-protection rate (SPR) and sero-conversion rate (SCR) of the QIV,versus inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) in the population aged 18 to 64.Revman 5.3 software was employed to manipulate the pooled date of the included literature.Result A total of 8 studies for the SPR and SCR of the shared strains (two A lineage and one B lineage) were included.There appeared no significant differences in the response rates between the two vaccines.As for QIV versus TIV (B/Yamagata),the pooled RR of the SPR for B/Victoria was 1.28 (95％CI:1.08-1.51,P＜0.05),with the pooled RR of the SCR for B/Victoria as 1.94 (95％CI:1.50-2.50,P＜0.05).For QIV versus TIV (B/Victoria),the pooled RR of the SPR for B/Yamagata as 1.10 (95％CI:1.02-1.18,P＜0.05),and the pooled RR of SCR for B/Yamagata as 1.99 (95％CI:1.34-2.97,P＜0.05).Conclusion In the population aged 18-64 years,inactivated QIV was equivalently immunogenic against the shared three strains included in the activated TIV while a superior immunogenic effect was noticed in the vaccine strain which did not include the inactivated QIV.
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Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in adults aged 18-64 years,through a Meta-analysis.Methods Literature was retrieved by searching the Medline,Cochrane Library,Science Direct in the past decade.All the studies were under random control trial (RCT) and including data related to immunogenicity which involving sero-protection rate (SPR) and sero-conversion rate (SCR) of the QIV,versus inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) in the population aged 18 to 64.Revman 5.3 software was employed to manipulate the pooled date of the included literature.Result A total of 8 studies for the SPR and SCR of the shared strains (two A lineage and one B lineage) were included.There appeared no significant differences in the response rates between the two vaccines.As for QIV versus TIV (B/Yamagata),the pooled RR of the SPR for B/Victoria was 1.28 (95％CI:1.08-1.51,P＜0.05),with the pooled RR of the SCR for B/Victoria as 1.94 (95％CI:1.50-2.50,P＜0.05).For QIV versus TIV (B/Victoria),the pooled RR of the SPR for B/Yamagata as 1.10 (95％CI:1.02-1.18,P＜0.05),and the pooled RR of SCR for B/Yamagata as 1.99 (95％CI:1.34-2.97,P＜0.05).Conclusion In the population aged 18-64 years,inactivated QIV was equivalently immunogenic against the shared three strains included in the activated TIV while a superior immunogenic effect was noticed in the vaccine strain which did not include the inactivated QIV.
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Influenza vaccines are the primary method for controlling influenza and its complications. This study was conducted as a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, controlled, multi-center trial at seven university hospitals to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated, split, trivalent influenza vaccine (GC501, Green Cross Corporation, Yongin, Korea), which was newly manufactured in Korea in 2008. Between September 21 and 26, a total of 329 healthy subjects were recruited for the immunogenicity analysis, while 976 subjects were enrolled for the safety analysis. The GC501 vaccine met both FDA and EMEA criteria with > or = 80% of subjects achieving post-vaccination titers > or = 40 for all three subtypes, even in the elderly. The vaccine was well tolerated with only mild systemic and local adverse events. In summary, GC501 showed excellent immunogenicity and a good safety profile in both young adults and the elderly. The licensure of GC501 might be an important basis in preparation for the future influenza pandemic.
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Double-Blind Method , Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Republic of Korea , Vaccination , Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosageABSTRACT
AIM: To study the pathological change in mouse organs immunitied by inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine. METHODS: Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine was injected into BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Anti-SARS antibody was analyzed by ELISA. After 8 weeks, the immunitied mice were killed and those organs were analyzed by pathological methods. RESULTS: Anti-SARS antibody in mice was positive after 8 days. Only minimal injury was observed in a few lungs and livers, but the other organs were not. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine induced mice to create antibody, whereas they did not cause severe injury. This result will be valuable for vaccine into clinical research. [