Kandughna Gana Varti in Vulvo Vaginalcandidiasis - A Case Series

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an infection caused by yeast like micro organisms called candida albicans. It is the second most common cause of vaginitis affecting women of reproductive age group. It is most distressing and irritating to women, hampers their day to day life and makes them irritable, depressed, anxious and disturbs their interpersonal relationships including marital life. In vulvovaginal candidiasis patients complain of vaginal discharge with intense vulvovaginal pruritus. The pruritus is out of proportion to the discharge. The symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis appear similar to the symptoms of Slaishmiki yoni vyapath mentioned in Ayurvedic classics. It is due to the vitiation of Kapha caused by usage of Abishyandi aharas and has symptoms like Pichila yonisrava, Kandu, Alpa vedhana or Avedhana in Yoni. Topical treatments have great importance in the treatment of several gynecological conditions (Yoni vyapaths). Yoni varti or vaginal pessary is used to cleanse the vaginal walls and make the local environment more healthy. It acts directly on the vaginal mucosa and enables easier and target specific action. They are also hygroscopic in property and act in accordance with the drugs they contain. Kandughna gana varti have Tiktha, Kashaya rasa, Laghu, Ruksha guna, Krimighna, Kandughna and Kaphaghna properties and all the ingredients have potent antifungal action also. This facilitates faster absorption of drugs through vaginal mucosa and relieves the symptoms more quickly. A pilot study was conducted in 5 cases to assess the effect of Kandughna gana varti in vulvovaginal candidiasis. It was found to be effective in vaginal discharge and vulvovaginal pruritus.

Can the Pessary Use Modify the Vaginal Microbiological Flora? A Cross-sectional Study / O uso de pessário vaginal pode alterar a flora microbiológica? Um estudo transversal

Abstract Introduction Vaginal pessary is used as a conservative treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Some studies have shown that common complaints of its use may include vaginal discomfort and increased vaginal discharge. Scant information is available about the microflora status after using this device. Objective To determine if the usage of vaginal pessary can interfere with the vaginal environment. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed from March of 2014 to July of 2015 including 90 women with POP. The study group was composed of 45 women users of vaginal pessary and 45 nom-users. All enrolled women answered a standardized questionnaire and were subjected to a gynecological exam to collect vaginal samples for microbiological evaluation under optic microscopy. Clinical and microbiological data were compared between study and control groups. Results Vaginal discharge was confirmed in 84% of the study group versus 62.2% in the control group (p< 0.01); itching was reported in 20 and 2.2%, respectively (p< .05); genital ulcers were only found in the pessary group (20%). There was no difference with regard to the type of vaginal flora. Bacterial vaginosis was prevalent in the study group (31.1% study group versus 22.2% control group), (p=.34). Conclusion Women using vaginal pessaries for POP treatment presented more vaginal discharge, itching and genital ulcers than non-users.

Resumo Introdução O pessário vaginal é utilizado como tratamento conservador para o prolapso de órgãos pélvicos (POP). Alguns estudos demonstraram que as queixas mais comuns do seu uso são o desconforto vaginal e um aumento do fluxo vaginal. As informações são escassas a respeito do que ocorre com a microflora vaginal após o uso do pessário. Objetivo Determinar se o uso do pessário pode interferir com o ambiente vaginal. Métodos Um estudo transversal realizado de março de 2014 a julho de 2015 com 90 mulheres com POP; metade delas usaram pessário e a outra metade permaneceu como grupo controle. Todas preencheram um questionário e realizaram exame ginecológico para coleta de amostras vaginais para análise microbiológica. Dados clínicos e microbiológicos foram comparados entre os grupos de estudo e de controle. Resultados O fluxo vaginal foi confirmado em 84% das mulheres do grupo de estudo versus 62,2% do grupo de controle (p< 0,01); prurido foi encontrado em 20 e 2,2%, respectivamente (p< 0,05). As úlceras genitais foram somente encontradas no grupo pessário (20%). Não houve diferenças com relação ao tipo de flora vaginal. A vaginose bacteriana fora encontrada em 31,1% das mulheres do grupo de estudo versus 22,2% do grupo de controle (p= 0,34). Conclusão Mulheres usando pessários vaginais para tratamento do POP apresentaram maior fluxo vaginal, prurido e úlcera genital do que as não usuárias do dispositivo.

Predicting factors for success of vaginal delivery in preterm induction with prostaglandin E₂

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prostaglandin (PG) E₂ for preterm labor induction and to investigate the predictive factors for the success of vaginal delivery. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed in women (n=155) at 24+0 to 36+6 weeks of gestation who underwent induction of labor using a PGE₂ vaginal pessary (10 mg, Propess) from January 2009 to December 2015. Success rates of vaginal delivery according to gestational age at induction and incidence of intrapartum complications such as tachysystole and nonreassuring fetal heart rate were investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive factors for success of labor induction. RESULTS: The vaginal delivery rate was 57% (n=89) and the rate of cesarean delivery after induction was 43% (n=66). According to gestational age, labor induction was successful in 16.7%, 50.0%, and 62.8% of patients at 24 to 31, 32 to 33, and 34 to 36 weeks, showing a stepwise increase (P=0.006). There were 18 cases (11%) of fetal distress, 9 cases (5.8%) of tachysystole, and 6 cases (3.8%) of massive postpartum bleeding (>1,000 mL). After adjusting for confounding factors, multiparity (odds ratio [OR], 8.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.10 to 23.14), younger maternal age (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.94), advanced gestational age at induction (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.09), rupture of membranes (OR, 11.83; 95% CI, 3.55 to 39.40), and the Bishop score change after removal of PGE₂ (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.0 to 4.8) were significant predictors of successful preterm vaginal delivery. CONCLUSION: An understanding of the principal predictive factors of successful preterm labor induction, as well as the safety of PGE₂, will provide useful information when clinicians consult with preterm pregnant women requiring premature delivery.

Caracterización del uso de pesario cerclaje como prevención del parto pretérmino / Characterization of cerclage pessary use as prevention of preterm delivery

Introducción: el incremento de la prematuridad se ha producido a expensas de los prematuros extremos, aumentando el nivel de riesgo neonatal, la morbilidad, la mortalidad y demanda de servicios sanitarios obstétricos y perinatales.Objetivos: caracterizar un grupo de gestantes con modificaciones cervicales y el uso del pesario vaginal, atendidas en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Docente Ramón González Coro, entre los años 2008 y 2010.Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, longitudinal, para determinar la utilidad del pesario vaginal en las gestantes con modificaciones cervicales atendidas en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Docente Ramón González Coro, entre los años 2008 y 2010.Resultados: el universo quedó conformado por 166 pacientes. Fueron divididas en dos grupos, el primero conformado por las que se les colocó pesario, y el otro grupo al que solo se le realizó seguimiento clínico. La inclusión de los pacientes en cada grupo se realizó de forma aleatoria. Presentaron una medición de normalidad del cuello uterino 2 de cada 10 gestantes. A casi la mitad de las pacientes les fue colocado el pesario cerclaje entre las 29 y 33 sem, entre las 26 y las 28 lo recibieron 4 de cada 10 mujeres y solo el 14,6 porciento de las pacientes lo recibió antes de la semana 26.Conclusiones: más de la mitad de las gestantes fueron nulíparas. El factor de riesgo mejor representado fue: 3 o más abortos provocados. La mitad de las gestantes alcanzaron el término de la gestación

Introduction: increasing prematurity has occurred at the expense of extremely premature infants, increasing the level of neonatal risk, morbidity, and demanding for obstetric and perinatal health services.Objectives: to characterize a group of pregnant women with cervical changes and the use of vaginal pessary assisted at Ramón González Coro Teaching Hospital from 2008 to 2010.Methods: a descriptive, longitudinal study was conducted to determine the utility of vaginal pessary in pregnant women with cervical changes and who were assisted at Ramón González Coro Teaching Hospital, from 2008 to 2010.Results: 166 patients were the universe of our study. They were divided into two groups, the first group included those subjects with pessary, and the second group only underwent clinical follow up. The inclusion of these subjects in each group was performed randomly. Two out of ten pregnant women showed a normal measurement of the cervix. Almost half of the patients received the pessary cerclage, which was placed at 29- 33 weeks, 4 out of 10 women had it at 26 and 28 weeks; and only 14.6 per cent of patients received it before week 26.Conclusions: more than half of these pregnant women were nulliparous. The best represented risk factor was three or more induced abortions. Half of pregnant reached the end of gestation

Observation of correlation between the mating days and pregnancy rate, the vaginal pessary number and the embryos number in female rats / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the correlation between mating days and pregnancy rate, the vaginal pessary number and the embryos number in female rats, for facilitating the whole planning of the relevant experiments. Methods 70 female Wistar rats were randomly mated with 20 male Wistar rats separately. Mating days and vaginal pessary were recorded. In late stage of the experiment, the number of pregnant rats and embryos were confirmed by post-mortem anatomy. Results Person correlation coefficient of the mating days and pregnancy rate in exhausting pessary rats was 0.83, P<0.05 (P=0.005); person correlation coefficient of the vaginal pessay number and the embryos was 0.16, P>0.05(P=0.18). Conclusion There was linearly dependent relationship between the mating days and pregnancy rate, the pregnancy rate of female rats become 100% when the mating days reached 4 days. But there was no such relationship between the vaginal pessary and the embryo number.