Lesão aguda da parede arterial provocada pelo método de interrupção temporária de fluxo em diferentes vias de cirurgia aórtica: estudo morfológico e biomecânico da aorta de porcos / Acute aortic wall injury caused by aortic cross-clamping: morphological and biomechanical study of the aorta in a swine model of three aortic surgery approaches

Resumo Contexto O clampeamento aórtico e a oclusão da aorta com balão poderiam levar a lesões na parede aórtica. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as alterações da parede aórtica relacionadas ao método de interrupção de fluxo (cample ou balão) em diferentes técnicas disponíveis para cirurgia de aorta. Métodos Os experimentos foram realizados em 40 porcos fêmeas pesando de 25-30 kg, alocados para quatro grupos: S (n = 10), nenhuma intervenção (sham); C (n = 10), laparotomia mediana transperitoneal para acesso à aorta abdominal infrarrenal com tempo de clampeamento de 60 minutos; L (n = 10), cirurgia laparoscópica da aorta abdominal infrarrenal com tempo de clampeamento de 60 minutos; EV (n = 10), controle aórtico proximal com inserção de cateter-balão para oclusão aórtica por acesso femoral, inflado a fim de promover oclusão aórtica contínua por 60 minutos. Após a eutanásia, as aortas foram removidas e seccionadas para obtenção de espécimes histológicos destinados a análises morfométricas e por microscopia de luz. Os fragmentos longitudinais restantes foram estirados até a ruptura, e determinaram-se padrões mecânicos. Resultados Observou-se redução do limite de proporcionalidade da aorta abdominal, diminuição da rigidez e da carga de ruptura nos grupos submetidos a campleamento aórtico (C e L) em comparação ao grupo EV. Conclusões O campleamento aórtico durante cirurgia aberta ou laparoscópica pode afetar as propriedades mecânicas da aorta, ocasionando redução de resistência da parede aórtica sem desencadear alterações na estrutura histológica da parede aórtica.

Abstract Background Aortic cross-clamping and balloon occlusion of the aorta could lead to damage to the aorta wall. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate changes to the aorta wall related to the method used to interrupt flow (clamping or balloon) in the different techniques available for aortic surgery. Methods Experiments were performed on 40 female pigs, weighing 25-30kg, which were randomly allocated to 4 study groups: S (n=10), no intervention (sham group); C (n=10), midline transperitoneal laparotomy for infrarenal abdominal aortic access with 60 min of cross-clamping; L (n=10), laparoscopic infrarenal abdominal aortic surgery with 60 min of cross-clamping; EV (n=10), remote proximal aortic control with transfemoral arterial insertion of aortic occlusion balloon catheter, inflated to provide continued aortic occlusion for 60min. After euthanasia, the aortas were removed and cross-sectioned to obtain histological specimens for light microscopic and morphometric analyses. The remaining longitudinal segments were stretched to rupture and mechanical parameters were determined. Results We observed a reduction in the yield point of the abdominal aorta, decrease in stiffness and in failure load in the aortic cross-clamping groups (C and L) compared with the EV group. Conclusions Aortic cross-clamping during open or laparoscopic surgery can affect the mechanical properties of the aorta leading to decrease in resistance of the aorta wall, without structural changes in aorta wall histology.

Implante percutáneo de la válvula aórtica con estrategia minimalista / Minimalist Approach for Percutaneous Aortic Valve Implantation

RESUMEN Introducción: El reemplazo de válvula aórtica transcatéter (TAVR) se está convirtiendo en un procedimiento estándar para pacientes con alto riesgo quirúrgico que necesitan el reemplazo de la válvula aórtica. Esta técnica ha evolucionado rápidamente y la llamada estrategia minimalista está ganando adeptos en todo el mundo, mientras la evidencia en su favor todavía se está acumulando. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados a 30 días de la estrategia minimalista (MIN-A) en comparación con la técnica convencional (CON-A) en la experiencia de un solo centro. Material y métodos: Entre septiembre de 2009 y febrero de 2018, se realizaron 303 procedimientos consecutivos de TAVR por acceso femoral, 229 (75,6%) de ellos con MIN-A y 74 (24,4%) con CON-A. Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 79,5 años y ambos grupos tenían características similares. No hubo diferencias entre estos en lo referido a hipertensión, diabetes, tabaquismo, ICP o CRM previa, IAM, EPOC, fibrilación auricular y diálisis. La ATC por etapas antes del TAVR (procedimiento combinado) y la insuficiencia renal (eGFR < 60 ml / min / 1,73 m2) fueron más frecuentes en los sometidos a CON-A. El score del STS fue similar en ambos grupos. El tiempo del procedimiento fue menor en el grupo MIN-A (125 ± 26 vs. 211 ± 48 minutos; p < 0,001), al igual que el tiempo de hospitalización (4,1 vs. 6,3 días; p = 0,01). A los 30 días, no hubo diferencias en la mortalidad (3,9% frente a 1,4%; p = 0,29), IAM, accidente cerebrovascular, hemorragia, transfusión y complicaciones vasculares. Cuatro pacientes tuvieron falla del dispositivo de cierre (1 requirió reparación quirúrgica, 3 requirieron stent cubierto). Las fugas paravalvulares (PVL) moderadas fueron más frecuentes en el grupo CON-A (11,8% vs. 23%; p = 0,01), pero las PVL graves tuvieron similar incidencia (1,3% vs. 2,7%). Conclusión: La estrategia minimalista en el implante percutáneo de la válvula aórtica demostró ser factible y segura; dicha estrategia disminuyó el tiempo del procedimiento y la estadía en el hospital, con similares resultados clínicos que la estrategia convencional a 30 días, pero con mejor confort para el paciente.

ABSTRACT Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is becoming the standard procedure for high-risk patients requiring aortic valve replacement. This technique has evolved rapidly and the so-called minimalist strategy is gaining worldwide attention, while supporting evidence is still being assembled. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare 30-day outcomes of the minimalist approach (MA) versus the standard approach (SA) for TAVI performed in a single center. Methods: Between September 2009 and February 2018, 303 consecutive TAVI procedures were performed, 229 (75.6%) using the MA and 74 (24.4%) with the SA. Results: Mean age was 79.5 years and both groups had similar characteristics. There were no differences in hypertension, diabetes, smoking habits, previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation and dialysis. PCI before TAVI (combined procedure) and kidney failure (eGFR <60 ml / min / 1.73 m2) were more common in the SA group. The STS score was similar in both groups. The total duration of the procedure and in-hospital stay were lower in the MA group (125±26 vs. 211±48 minutes; p <0.001, and 4.1 vs. 6.3 days; p=0.01, respectively). There were no differences in mortality (3.9% vs. 1.4%; p=ns), incidence of AMI, stroke, major bleeding requiring transfusion or vascular complications at 30 days. The closure device failed in four patients (one underwent surgical repair and three required a covered stent). Moderate paravalvular leaks (PVL) were more frequent in the SA group (11.8% vs. 23%; p=0.01) but the incidence of severe PVL was similar (1.3% vs. 2.7%). Conclusion: The MA for TAVI proved to be feasible and safe, reducing the procedure duration and in-hospital stay, with 30-day outcomes similar to those of the SA but providing better comfort for the patient.

Manejo endovascular de la hemorragia digestiva, experiencia del Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael / Endovascular management of gastrointestinal bleeding, experienceat Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael

Introducción. La hemorragia digestiva ocasiona el 2 % de las hospitalizaciones; se clasifica en alta o baja, y la primera se presenta en el 80 % de casos. Después de la estabilización hemodinámica, se determinan la causa y el tratamiento mediante la endoscopia; no obstante, esta falla en 10 a 20 % de los casos, y del 15 al 20 % requieren cirugía mayor, con una mortalidad de más del 40 %. El tratamiento para la hemorragia digestiva mediante la formación de émbolos de los vasos mesentéricos, es una conducta bien establecida, produce buenos resultados, evita la cirugía y disminuye la morbimortalidad. Objetivos. Determinar la indicación y el éxito del tratamiento endovascular para la hemorragia digestiva en nuestra institución. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo, se incluyeron 10 pacientes que requirieron la urgente formación de émbolos por falla o imposibilidad del manejo endoscópico, y que presentaban gran riesgo quirúr-gico y anestésico con la técnica abierta. Se evaluaron la causa de la hemorragia, la arteria comprometida, los hallazgos angiográficos, la hemoglobina antes y después de la formación de los émbolos, la reincidencia de la hemorragia, las complicaciones, la necesidad de intervención quirúrgica, la eficacia del procedimiento y la mortalidad a 30 días. Resultados. Todos los pacientes se intervinieron por vía endovascular, para la oclusión selectiva de las arterias comprometidas. La hemorragia se controló en todos ellos. Se presentaron dos muertes tempranas (<30 días) no asociadas con el procedimiento. No hubo complicaciones secundarias a la formación de los émbolos o al acceso percutáneo y, tampoco, necesidad de cirugías mayores posteriores para controlar la hemorragia. Conclusión. Los métodos endovasculares para controlar la hemorragia digestiva son eficaces, no se acompañan de complicaciones, y disminuyen la morbimortalidad y la necesidad de cirugías mayores. Se requieren estudios con mayor número de pacientes para lograr un mayor grado de certeza

Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem, which represents 2% of hospitalizations. It is classified as high or low depending on their origin; 80% of cases are high bleeders. After hemodynamic stabilization, endoscopy is very important to determine the cause and carry out treatment, which in some cases is unsuccessful or cannot be performed, and 15% -20% will require major surgery with a mortality rate of over 40%. Occlusion of mesenteric vessels, as a treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding is a well defined and successful therapeutic, avoiding major surgery and reducing morbidity and mortality, it is a procedure with very low incidence of complications and repeated bleeding. We studied: the cause of bleeding, the compromised artery, the angiographic findings, the pre and post embolization hemoglobin, re-bleeding complications, need for additional surgery after embolization effectiveness of the procedure to control bleeding, and mortality at 30 days.Objectives: To determine the indication and success of endovascular treatment for the management of gastroin-testinal bleeding in our institutionMaterials and methods: A retrospective and descriptive study.Results: Ten patients (5 females, 5 males) are included, with an average age of 59.8 years; in six cases the bleeding was due to proximal acid-peptic disease, two patients with diverticular disease performed, and two patients bleeding due to gastroduodenal neoplastic disease; all patients required urgent embolization in view of failure or inability to endoscopic management, associated with progressive anemia, active bleeding, schock and requi-rement of more than 3 packed red blood cells; associated with high surgical and anesthetic risk for open surgery. All patients underwent endovascular procedure with selective embolization and the bleeding stop with hemo-dynamic stabilization, two early deaths (<30days) were presented but not associated with the procedure; there were no complications secondary to embolization or percutaneous access, nor was need for further surgery after the procedure to control bleedingConclusion: In our experience the use of endovascular methods to control gastrointestinal bleeding is effective and uncomplicated; reducing morbidity and mortality and the need for major surgery. More studies are needed to determine the number of patients a higher level of evidence

Access site pseudoaneurysms after endovascular intervention for peripheral arterial diseases

PURPOSE: Pseudoaneurysms after percutaneous vascular access are common and potentially fatal if left untreated. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with access site pseudoaneurysms after endovascular intervention for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) under a routine postintervention ultrasound (US) surveillance protocol. METHODS: A total of 254 PAD interventions were performed in a single center between January 2015 and November 2016, and puncture site duplex US surveillance was routinely performed within 48 hours of the procedure. Clinical, procedural and follow-up US data were analyzed. RESULTS: The overall incidence of pseudoaneurysm was 2.75% (6 cases in the femoral artery and 1 in the brachial artery). There was no difference between retrograde and antegrade approach, but there was a higher rate of pseudoaneurysm formation after manual compression compared to arterial closure device (ACD) use (4.3% vs. 0.87%). Manual compression was more commonly used for antegrade punctures (79.0%) and ACD for retrograde punctures (67.7%). Calcification was more frequently found in antegrade approach cases (46.8% vs. 16.9% for retrograde cases) and manual compression was preferred in its presence. All pseudoaneurysms were treated successfully at the time of diagnosis by US-guided compression repair and there were no cases of rupture. CONCLUSION: Pseudoaneurysm rates after therapeutic endovascular intervention for PAD were comparable to other cardiologic or interventional radiologic procedures despite the higher possibility of having a diseased access vessel. Routine US surveillance of access sites allowed for early diagnosis and noninvasive treatment of pseudoaneurysms, preventing potentially fatal complications.

Updated meta-analysis on the closure of patent foramen ovale in reduction of stroke rates: the defense-pfo trial does not change the scenario

Abstract Objective: We aimed to analyze whether patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure reduces the risk of stroke, assessing also some safety outcomes after the publication of a new trial. Introduction: The clinical benefit of closing a PFO has been an open question, so it is necessary to review the current state of published medical data in regards to this subject. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles were used to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported any of the following outcomes: stroke, death, major bleeding or atrial fibrillation. Six studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria and included 3560 patients (1889 for PFO closure and 1671 for medical therapy. Results: The risk ration (RR) for stroke in the "closure" group compared with the "medical therapy" showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, favouring the "closure" group (RR 0.366; 95%CI 0.171-0.782, P=0.010). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the safety outcomes, death and major bleeding, but we observed an increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation in the "closure" group (RR 4.131; 95%CI 2.293-7.443, P<0.001). We also observed that the larger the proportion of effective closure, the lower the risk of stroke. Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that stroke rates are lower with percutaneously implanted device closure than with medical therapy alone, being these rates modulated by the rates of hypertension, atrial septal aneurysm and effective closure. The publication of a new trial did not change the scenario in the medical literature.

Walking with blood flow restriction improves the dynamic strength of women with osteoporosis / Caminhada com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo melhora a força dinâmica de mulheres com osteoporose / Caminata con restricción de flujo sanguíneo mejora la fuerza dinámica de mujeres con osteoporosis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Improving strength levels is important to women with osteoporosis. Resistance and aerobic exercise are effective means of reaching this goal; however, the use of low-load exercises with blood flow restriction is an alternative to traditional methods of exercise to achieve the same strength gains in this population. Objective: To analyze the chronic effects of aerobic and resistance training combined with blood flow restriction on the maximal dynamic strength (MDS) of women with osteoporosis. Methods: Twenty women (61.40±4.63 years of age, 61.82±12.54 kg, 1.51±0.05 m, 27.16±5.55 kg/m²) were randomly assigned to four groups: 1 - high-intensity resistance training (HI); 2 - low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (LI-BFR); 3 - aerobic training with blood flow restriction (ABFR); and 4 - control group (CG). Unilateral knee extension MDS was assessed using the one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength test before and after the 6th and 12th weeks of intervention. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Bonferroni post-hoc test performed using SPSS (version 21.0), considering a significance level of P<0.05 for all tests. Results: Baseline comparisons showed that HI and CG had lower strength levels than LI-BFR and ABFR groups (P<0.05). The ABFR group exhibited a significant increase in MDS between the 1st and the 6th week (9%, P=0.001) and between the 1st and the 12th week (21.6%, P=0.008). The LI-BFR group exhibited increased MDS between the 1st and the 6th week (10.1%, P=0.001), between the 1st and the 12th week (24.2%, P=0.003) and between the 6th and 12th week (12.8%, P=0.030). The HI group exhibited a significant difference between the 1st and the 6th week (38.7%, P<0.001), between the 1st and the 12th week (62%, P<0.001) and between the 6th and 12th weeks (17.4%, P=0.020), whereas the CG had no significant differences between the timepoints (P>0.05). Conclusions: ABFR and LI-BFR effectively increased the MDS of women with osteoporosis.

RESUMO Introdução: Melhorar os níveis de força é importante para as mulheres com osteoporose. Os exercícios de força e aeróbicos são eficazes para atingir esse objetivo; no entanto, o uso de exercícios de baixa carga com restrição do fluxo sanguíneo é uma alternativa aos métodos tradicionais de exercício para atingir os mesmos ganhos de força nessa população. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito crônico do treinamento aeróbico e de força combinado com a restrição de fluxo sanguíneo sobre a força dinâmica máxima (FDM) de mulheres com osteoporose. Métodos: Vinte mulheres (61,40 ± 4,63 anos; 61,82 ± 12,54 kg; 1,51 ± 0,05 m; 27,16 ± 5,55 kg/m²) foram randomizadas em quatro grupos: 1 - treinamento de força de alta intensidade (AI); 2 - treinamento de força de baixa intensidade com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo (BIRFS); 3 - treinamento aeróbico com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo (ARFS) e 4 - controle (GC). A avaliação da força dinâmica máxima (FDM) da extensão unilateral do joelho foi realizada pelo teste de 1RM antes e depois da 6ª e 12ª semanas de intervenção. Para a análise dos dados realizou-se o teste ANOVA de medidas repetidas com teste de Bonferroni post-hoc no software SPSS (versão 21.0), considerando um nível de significância de P < 0,05 em todas as análises. Resultados: As comparações antes da intervenção mostraram que os grupos AI e GC tinham menores níveis de força que os grupos ARFS e BIRFS (P < 0,05). O grupo ARFS apresentou aumento significativo na FDM entre a 1ª e a 6ª (9%; P = 0,001) e entre a 1ª e a 12ª semana (21,6%; P = 0,008). O grupo BIRFS teve aumento da FDM entre a 1ª e a 6ª (10,1%; P = 0,001), entre a 1ª e a 12ª semana (24,2%; P = 0,003) e entre a 6ª e 12ª semana (12,8%; P = 0,030). O grupo AI teve diferença significativa entre a 1ª e a 6ª semana (38,7%; P < 0,001), entre a 1ª e a 12ª semana (62%; P < 0,001) e entre a 6ª e a 12ª semana (17,4%; P = 0,020), enquanto o GC não apresentou diferença entre os pontos do tempo (P > 0,05). Conclusões: ARFS e BIRFS aumentaram efetivamente a FDM em mulheres com osteoporose.

RESUMEN Introducción: Mejorar los niveles de fuerza es importante para las mujeres con osteoporosis. Los ejercicios de fuerza y aeróbicos son eficaces para alcanzar ese objetivo; sin embargo, el uso de ejercicios de baja carga con restricción del flujo sanguíneo es una alternativa a los métodos tradicionales de ejercicio para alcanzar los mismos aumentos de fuerza en esa población. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto crónico del entrenamiento aeróbico y de fuerza combinado con la restricción de flujo sanguíneo sobre la fuerza dinámica máxima (FDM) de mujeres con osteoporosis. Métodos: Veinte mujeres (61,40 ± 4,63 años; 61,82 ± 12,54 kg, 1,51 ± 0,05 m; 27,16 ± 5,55 kg / m²) fueron aleatorizadas en cuatro grupos: 1 - entrenamiento de fuerza de alta intensidad (AI); 2 - entrenamiento de fuerza de baja intensidad con restricción del flujo sanguíneo (BIRFS); 3 - entrenamiento aeróbico con restricción del flujo sanguíneo (ARFS) y 4 - Control (GC). La evaluación de la fuerza dinámica máxima (FDM) de extensión unilateral de la rodilla se realizó mediante la prueba de 1RM antes y después de la 6ª y 12ª semana de intervención. Para el análisis de los datos se realizó la prueba ANOVA de medidas repetidas con prueba de Bonferroni post hoc en el software SPSS (versión 21.0), considerando un nivel de significación de P < 0,05 en todos los análisis. Resultados: Las comparaciones antes de la intervención mostraron que los grupos AI y GC tenían menores valores de fuerza que ARFS y BIRFS (P < 0,05). El grupo ARFS presentó un aumento significativo de la FDM entre las semanas 1 y 6 (9%; P = 0,001) y entre las semanas 1 y 12 (21,6%; p = 0,008). El BIRFS tuvo un aumento de la FDM entre las semanas 1 y 6 (10,1%; p = 0,001), entre las semanas 1 y 12 (24,2%; p = 0,003) y las semanas 6 y 12 (12,8%; P = 0,030). El grupo AI tuvo una diferencia significativa entre las semanas 1 y 6 (38,7%; P < 0,001), entre las semanas 1 y 12 (62%, P < 0,001) y entre las semanas 6 y 12 (17,4%; p = 0,020), mientras que el GC no presentó diferencia entre los puntos del tiempo (P > 0,05). Conclusiones: ARFS y BIRFS aumentaron efectivamente la FDM en mujeres con osteoporosis.

Closure of patent foramen ovale versus medical therapy after cryptogenic stroke: meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials with 3440 patients

Abstract Objective: We aimed to determine whether patent foramen ovale closure reduces the risk of stroke, also assessing some safety outcomes. Introduction: The clinical benefit of closing a patent foramen ovale after a cryptogenic stroke has been an open question for several decades, so that it is necessary to review the current state of published medical data in this regard. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, SciELO, LI-LACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles were searched for randomized controlled trials that reported any of the following outcomes: stroke, death, major bleeding or atrial fibrillation. Five studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria and included 3440 patients (1829 for patent foramen ovale closure and 1611 for medical therapy). Results: The risk ratio (RR) for stroke in the "device closure" group compared with the "medical therapy" showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, favouring the "device closure" group (RR 0.400; 95% CI 0.183-0.873, P=0.021). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the safety outcomes death and major bleeding, but we observed an increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation in the "device closure group (RR 4.000; 95% CI 2.262-7.092, P<0.001). We also observed that the larger the proportion of effective closure, the lower the risk of stroke. Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that stroke rates are lower with percutaneously implanted device closure than with medical therapy alone, being these rates modulated by the rates of effective closure.

Left Atrial Appendage Closure with Amplatzer Cardiac Plug in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Safety and Long-Term Outcome / Oclusão Percutânea do Apêndice Atrial Esquerdo com Amplatzer Cardiac Plug na Fibrilação Atrial não Valvar: Análise de Segurança e Resultados de Longo Prazo

Abstract Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac arrhythmia with high risk for thromboembolic events, specially stroke. Objective: To assess the safety of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with nonvalvular AF. Methods: This study included 15 patients with nonvalvular AF referred for LAAC, 6 older than 75 years (mean age, 69.4 ± 9.3 years; 60% of the male sex). Results: The mean CHADS2 score was 3.4 ± 0.1, and mean CHA2DS2VASc , 4.8 ± 1.8, evidencing a high risk for thromboembolic events. All patients had a HAS-BLED score > 3 (mean, 4.5 ± 1.2) with a high risk for major bleeding within 1 year. The device was successfully implanted in all patients, with correct positioning in the first attempt in most of them (n = 11; 73.3%). Conclusion: There was no periprocedural complication, such as device migration, pericardial tamponade, vascular complications and major bleeding. All patients had an uneventful in-hospital course, being discharged in 2 days. The echocardiographic assessments at 6 and 12 months showed neither device migration, nor thrombus formation, nor peridevice leak. On clinical assessment at 12 months, no patient had thromboembolic events or bleeding related to the device or risk factors. In this small series, LAAC with Amplatzer Cardiac Plug proved to be safe, with high procedural success rate and favorable outcome at the 12-month follow-up. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Resumo Fundamento: Fibrilação atrial (FA) é uma arritmia cardíaca que submete os pacientes a alto risco de eventos tromboembólicos, particularmente o acidente vascular encefálico. Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança da oclusão do apêndice atrial esquerdo (OAAE) com o dispositivo Amplatzer Cardiac Plug na prevenção de fenômenos embólicos em pacientes com FA de origem não valvar. Métodos: Este estudo de OAAE incluiu 15 pacientes, sendo 6 (40%) acima de 75 anos (idade média, 69,4 ± 9,3 anos; 60% do sexo masculino). Resultados: A média do escore CHADS2 foi 3,4 ± 0,1. Quando se aplicou o CHA2DS2VASc, a média foi de 4,8 ± 1,8, mostrando alto risco de eventos tromboembólicos. Todos os pacientes tinham o escore HAS-BLED > 3 (média 4,5 ± 1,2) com alto risco de sangramentos maiores em 1 ano. Houve sucesso no implante do dispositivo em todos os pacientes, com posicionamento correto na primeira tentativa na maioria deles (n = 11; 73,3%). Conclusão: Não houve complicações periprocedimento, como migração do dispositivo, tamponamento pericárdico, complicações vasculares e hemorragias maiores. Na fase intra-hospitalar, os pacientes evoluíram favoravelmente, obtendo alta em até 2 dias. Nas avaliações ecocardiográficas do seguimento em 6 e 12 meses, não houve migração do dispositivo, presença de trombos e nem vazamentos peridispositivo. Na evolução clínica aos 12 meses, nenhum dos pacientes apresentou eventos tromboembólicos ou sangramentos relacionados aos fatores de risco ou ao dispositivo. Nesta pequena série, a OAAE mostrou-se segura, com uma alta taxa de sucesso do procedimento e evolução favorável dos pacientes aos 12 meses. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Application of Perclose Proglide vascular closure devices in endovascular repair of thoracic aortic dissection / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To investigate the application value of the Perclose Proglide vascular devices in the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of aortic dissection.Methods Retrospective analysis of 106 patients who underwent TEVAR for Standford B type aortic dissection were performed.The femoral lumen was measured by CTA be fore,1 month and 1 year after TEVAR.Results A total of 223 Perclose Proglide vascular closure devices were used in the 106 patients,including 97 patients with 2 devices,7 patients with 3 devices,2 patients with 4 devices.The puncture femoral artery diameters had no significant differences between before and 1 month,1 year after TEVAR (all P ＞0.05).Conclusion Per close Proglide vascular closure devices can be effectively and safely used in the TEVAR,which has little influence on the femoral artery diameter,and is worth to be applied in the clinics extensively.

Application of Percolse, Angio-Seal Vascular Closure Devices or Manual Compression in Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo assess the value of Percolse, Angio-Seal vascular closure devices in emergency percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods603 patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention were divided into manual compression group (n=160), Perclose group (n=237) and Angio-Seal group (n=206). The time of hemostasis, time of immobilization and the incidence of vascular complications were observed in each group. ResultsThe time of hemostasis, time of immobilization in vascular closure devices groups were significantly shorter than those in manual compression group (P<0.01). The incidence of vascular complications were significantly lower than those in manual compression group (P<0.01). There was no difference between Perclose group and Angio-Seal group (P>0.05). The rate of successful hemostasis was not significantly different among each group (P>0.05). ConclusionThe Perclose and Angio-Seal vascular closure device is safe and reliable hemostasis in emergency percutaneous coronary intervention.