Relationship between serum high sensitive C-reactive protein and vascular dysfunction in hemodialysis patients / 中国综合临床

Objective@#To explore the relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and vascular access failure in hemodialysis patients.@*Methods@#From July 2017 to June 2018, 105 patients with regular hemodialysis were selected from the blood purification center of Beijing Haidian hospital.According to the presence or absence of VAF, the patients were divided into two groups: VAF+ group and VAF - group.The difference of hs CRP level between the two groups was compared.@*Results@#During the 12-month follow-up, 17 patients had more than one event of vascular failure.The total protein level of VAF+ group was significantly lower than that of VAF-Group((65.61±4.01) g/L and( 68.98±5.66) g/L, P=0.021). The male proportion of VAF+ group was lower than that of VAF-group (29.41% vs 53.41%, P=0.07), but the difference was not statistically significant.There was no significant difference in the annual change level of hs CRP between VAF + group and VAF Group((0.33±5.49) mg/L and(0.57±4.45) mg/L, P=0.840). The level of total protein was the independent protective factor of VAF(OR=0.889, 95%CI 0.797-0.991, P=0.034). The level of hs CRP was not significantly correlated with vascular access events(OR=1.018, 95%CI 0.926-1.119, P=0.713).@*Conclusion@#There is no correlation between hs CRP and VAF.The exact mechanism of inflammation in intimal hyperplasia needs further study.

Interleukin-6 -634 C/G and -174 G/C Polymorphisms in Korean Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic inflammatory status is a possible risk factor for vascular access dysfunction in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but susceptibility differences appear among individuals. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a well-known inflammatory cytokine with various polymorphisms. We examined whether IL-6 polymorphisms are associated with vascular access dysfunction in HD patients. METHODS: A total of 80 HD patients (including 42 diabetic patients) were enrolled. Polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene promoter (-634 C/G and -174 G/C) were studied using restriction length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction analysis. Vascular access patency was compared between the patient groups with respect to IL-6 polymorphisms. An additional 89 healthy individuals were enrolled in the control group. Plasma IL-6 levels were de termined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The GG genotype and G allele at position -634 in the IL-6 promoter were more frequently observed in HD patients than in controls. Furthermore, the distribution of the -634 polymorphism differed according to vascular access patency in non-diabetic HD patients. However, the G allele was not a significant risk factor for early access failure. No significant association appeared between the IL-6 -634 C/G polymorphism and plasma IL-6 levels. The C allele of the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism was not detected in our study population. CONCLUSIONS: The IL-6 -634 G allele appears with greater frequently in patients with end-stage renal disease and may be associated with vascular access dysfunction in non-diabetic HD patients.

Association between vascular access failure and microparticles in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND: Vascular access failure, a major cause of morbidity in hemodialysis (HD) patients, occurs mainly at stenotic endothelium following an acute thrombotic event. Microparticles (MPs) are fragments derived from injured cell membrane and are closely associated with coagulation and vascular inflammatory responses. METHODS: We investigated the relationship between levels of circulating MPs and vascular access patency in HD patients. A total of 82 HD patients and 28 healthy patients were enrolled. We used flow cytometry to measure endothelial MPs (EMPs) identified by CD31+CD42- or CD51+ and platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) identified by CD31+CD42+ in plasma samples of participants. Vascular access patency was defined as an interval from the time of access formation to the time of first access stenosis in each patient. MP counts were compared according to access patent duration. RESULTS: The levels of EMP (both CD31+CD42- and CD51+) and CD31+CD42+PMP were significantly higher in patients than in healthy participants. Levels of CD31+CD42-EMP and CD31+CD42+PMP showed a positive correlation. In nondiabetic HD patients, CD31+CD42-EMPs and CD31+CD42+PMPs were more elevated in the shorter access survival group (access survival or = 4 years). CONCLUSION: Elevated circulating EMP or PMP counts are influenced by end-stage renal disease and increased levels of EMP and PMP may be associated with vascular access failure in HD patients.

The Impact of Ischemic Heart Disease on Early Arteriovenous Fistula Failure in Nondiabetic Hemodialysis Patients / 대한신장학회잡지

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic lesion of coronary artery frequently accompanies intimal hyperplasia of radial artery. We have reported that the lesion of radial artery (intimal hyperplasia) in hemodialysis (HD) patients is associated with early failure of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as well as ischemic heart disease (IHD) (Am J Kidney Dis 41: 422-428, 2003). This study was designed to determine the impact of IHD on the early failure of AVF in nondiabetic HD patients. METHODS: This study enrolled 125 nondiabetic HD patients who received radiocephalic AVF operation for the first time. We evaluated IHD before the operation through clinical symptom and electrocardiography and then investigated AVF failure within 1 year after the operation. We analyzed the AVF patency rates between the patients with and without IHD using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors of the AVF failure. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 48+/-14 years and the number of female was 54 (43.2%). Of the total 125 patients, 19 patients (15.4%) had IHD before the AVF operation. The AVF failure developed in 23 patients (18.4%) within 1 year after the operation. The AVF patency rate in the patients with IHD was lower than that in the patients without IHD (39.7% vs 88.3%, p<0.001). IHD and old age were independent risk factors of the AVF failure in nondiabetic HD patients. But sex, smoking history, hypertension, and the levels of hemoglobin, serum creatinine, albumin, and total cholesterol checked before the operation were not associated with the AVF failure. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that IHD is closely associated with early failure of AVF in nondiabetic HD patients.

The Relationship between Early Vascular Access Failure and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients with Diabetes Mellitus / 대한신장학회잡지

BACKGROUND: Although the exact mechanism in which vascular access failure frequently occurs in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus is not well known, it is considered to be associated with the poor quality of the vessel at the vascular access operation sites. Therefore, vascular access failure may be associated with cardiovascular mortality in the diabetic patients, but it is not reported yet. We studied the impact of early vascular access failure on the cardiovascular morbidity in the hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 144 patients who received vascular access operation between January, 1995 and December, 2000 at Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital. We investigated vascular access failure within 1 year after the access operation and evaluated the cardiovascular death until December, 2002. We analyzed the cardiovascular mortality between early vascular failure group and patent group using Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 58+/-11 years and the number of male was 57 (39.6%). Early vascular access failure developed in 68 patients (47.2%). During 32+/-20 months of mean follow-up period, there was 62 cardiovascular deaths. The follow-up period tended to be shorter in the access failure group (n=68) than the patent group (n= 76) (29+/-17 months vs 35+/-22 months, p=0.07). But the access failure group had higher incidence of acute myocardial infarction (13.2% vs 3.9%, p=0.044), congestive heart failure (70.5% vs 13.1%, p< 0.001), and peripheral arterial disease (20.5% vs 3.9%, p= 0.002), compared to the patent group. The cardiovascular mortality of the access failure group was higher than that of the patent group (3 year; 54.6% vs 24.6%, 5 year; 77.0% vs 42.3%, p=0.005). CONCLUSION: This data suggest that early vascular access failure is associated with the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus.