ABSTRACT
Resumen La placenta succenturiata es una anomalía morfológica de la placenta donde se presentan uno o más lóbulos accesorios por fuera del cuerpo placentario, pueden ser de diferentes tamaños y estar conectados mediante vasos sanguíneos a la placenta principal. El lóbulo accesorio se desarrolla a partir de las vellosidades coriónicas no asociadas al corion leve. La incidencia estimada a nivel mundial es de 1.04% y los principales factores de riesgo asociado a esta entidad son edad materna avanzada y el antecedente de haberse sometido a fertilización in vitro. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 18 años con diagnóstico de placenta succenturiata con inserción marginal y velamentosa del cordón umbilical, la cual tuvo la finalización de la gestación por parto eutócico en el que se obtuvo recién un nacido eutrófico y sano, con tercer período de trabajo de parto prolongado y retención placentaria, por lo que se realizó alumbramiento manual, y se obtuvo la placenta completa con la presencia de un lóbulo accesorio con conexiones vasculares con el cuerpo placentario. En conclusión, la placenta succenturiata es una anormalidad morfológica relativamente rara, de diagnóstico clínico y morfológico en el puerperio inmediato, sin embargo, debe buscarse de manera intencionada mediante ultrasonido Doppler color en el período prenatal debido a que esta variedad de placenta conlleva a riesgos que pueden comprometer la salud y la vida tanto del feto como de la madre.
Abstract Placenta succenturiate is a morphological anomaly of the placenta where one or more of the lobes are present at a distance, which can be of different sizes and are connected by blood vessels to the main placenta. The accessory lobe develops from the chorionic villi that did not involute from the mild chorion. The estimated incidence worldwide is 1.04%. This entity has been associated with two main risk factors, advanced maternal age and women who have undergone in vitro fertilization. We report the case of a finding of placenta succenturiate in the postpartum period, in an 18-year-old woman in her first pregnancy, with vaginal delivery, eutrophic and apparently healthy newborn was obtained. During the third period of labor the patient presented placental retention, for which manual delivery was performed, obtaining a complete placenta that upon inspection was observed the presence of an accessory lobe in the membranes, which had vascular connections with the main placenta. In conclusion, placenta succenturiata is a relatively rare morphological abnormality, diagnosed in the postpartum period, but it can be diagnosed intentionally by color Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal period. This variety of placenta carries many risks that can compromise the health and life of both the fetus and the mother.
ABSTRACT
Lifeline of the fetus in the womb is umbilical cord and is not spared in having anatomical and functional variance. Velamentous insertion of umbilical cord is more common in twins (incidence 8.7%). Increased risk for intra uterine growth retardation, preterm birth, congenital anomalies and fetal bleeding is associated with it. Intrauterine diagnosis can help to improve the fetal prognosis. So we have presented a case of twin pregnancy with one cord have Velamentous insertion and the other has normal; increase of Monochorionic diamniotic placenta. Both baby were still birth.
ABSTRACT
Vasa previa is one of the most unusual and tragic accidents to fetus in obstetrics. This condition is not diagnosed easily because it is rare and unexpected. To improve the perinatal outcome, early detection by ultrasonography is very important during pregnancy. We present a case of vasa previa with velamentous insertion of cord with a brief review of the literatures concerned.