Establishment of a Predictive Model for Chronic Cough after Pulmonary Resection / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Chronic cough after pulmonary resection is one of the most common complications, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients after surgery. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the risk factors of chronic cough after pulmonary resection and construct a prediction model.@*METHODS@#The clinical data and postoperative cough of 499 patients who underwent pneumonectomy or pulmonary resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into training set (n=348) and validation set (n=151) according to the principle of 7:3 randomization. According to whether the patients in the training set had chronic cough after surgery, they were divided into cough group and non-cough group. The Mandarin Chinese version of Leicester cough questionnare (LCQ-MC) was used to assess the severity of cough and its impact on patients' quality of life before and after surgery. The visual analog scale (VAS) and the self-designed numerical rating scale (NRS) were used to evaluate the postoperative chronic cough. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the independent risk factors and construct a model. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discrimination of the model, and calibration curve was used to evaluate the consistency of the model. The clinical application value of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).@*RESULTS@#Multivariate Logistic analysis screened out that preoperative forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), surgical procedure, upper mediastinal lymph node dissection, subcarinal lymph node dissection, and postoperative closed thoracic drainage time were independent risk factors for postoperative chronic cough. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, a Nomogram prediction model was constructed. The area under the ROC curve was 0.954 (95%CI: 0.930-0.978), and the cut-off value corresponding to the maximum Youden index was 0.171, with a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 86.6%. With a Bootstrap sample of 1000 times, the predicted risk of chronic cough after pulmonary resection by the calibration curve was highly consistent with the actual risk. DCA showed that when the preprobability of the prediction model probability was between 0.1 and 0.9, patients showed a positive net benefit.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Chronic cough after pulmonary resection seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The visual presentation form of the Nomogram is helpful to accurately predict chronic cough after pulmonary resection and provide support for clinical decision-making.

DERSR-B. A Brief Scale for Detection of Emotional Dysregulation Risk / DERSR-B. Una Escala Breve para la Detección del Riesgo de Desregulación Emocional

Abstract Emotional dysregulation (ED) is related to problems in understanding, perceiving, and regulating emotions. The aim is to find the psychometric properties of an instrument that measures ED and classifies the high/low ED group membership with the least possible error. For statistical purposes (factor analysis), two independent samples of males and females (n1 = 476) and (n2 = 562) were obtained, with ages sample 1 (15 -19 years; M= 15.8; SD=0.71) and sample 2 (15-19 years; M=15.6; SD= 0.69). Three factors were formed by sex, males with 14 items and females with 13 items, each loading on a single factor (total α=0.71 - 0.78 ɷ =0.67- 0.79 females; α= 0.70 - 0.79 ɷ=0.73 - 0.75 males) and good fit indices. In sum, a validated cut version instrument (DERSR-B), a risk screening instrument, was obtained.

Resumen La desregulación emocional (DE) se relaciona con problemas para comprender, percibir y regular las emociones. Determinar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento que mide DE y que clasifica con el menor error posible la pertenencia de grupo alto/bajo de DE se propuso como el objetivo de este estudio. Para propósitos estadísticos (análisis factoriales) se obtuvieron dos muestras independientes de hombres y mujeres (n1 = 476) y (n2 = 562) respectivamente, con edades para muestra 1 (15-19 años; M= 15.8; DE= 0.71) y muestra 2 (15-19 años; M=15.6; DE= 0.69). Se obtuvieron tres factores por sexo, hombres con 14 ítems y mujeres con 13 ítems cada uno cargando en un solo, un único factor (total α =0.71 - 0.78 ɷ =0.67- 0.79 mujeres; α=0.70 - 0.79 ɷ=0.73-0.75 hombres) y con índices de ajuste aceptables. Se obtuvo un instrumento válido en versión corta de detección rápida de riesgo de Desregulación Emocional (DERSR-B).

A cross-sectional study to find out association between smartphone addiction and dry eye disease among medical students in Jamnagar

Background: In the recent times, use of smart phone and multimedia devices is extensive. With prolonged use of smart phones, multimedia devices and social media ophthalmic and psychiatric complications are rising in young population. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out prevalence of smartphone addiction and dry eye disease and association between smartphone addiction and dry eye disease in medical students. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in M.P. Shah Government Medical College and included 201 medical students. This was analytical survey-based study. Data collection was done through Google form and the survey included demographic questions, pre-structured smartphone addiction scale-short version, and ocular surface disease index questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of dry eye disease in medical students was 52.73% and the prevalence of smartphone addiction was 20%. In our study, dry eye disease was present in 45% of subjects with smartphone addiction. Conclusion: The prolonged usage of smartphone leads to increased screen exposure time which may be causative factor for ophthalmic problems and dry eye disease. More awareness in adolescent and young population about potential hazards of prolonged screen exposure and smartphone is necessary nowadays.

Development of a nature posture treatment suspension therapy based on ICF-CY / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo develop a rehabilitation program of nature posture treatment (NPT) suspension therapy based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-Children and Youth version (ICF-CY) framework, and apply it to neurodevelopmental disorders. MethodsThe ICF-CY theoretical group (group A) and NPT suspension therapy group (group B) were established. Group A searched literature from common databases, to extract high-frequency words related to suspension therapy and match with categories of ICF-CY, to develop ICF-CY theoretical framework of the NPT suspension therapy. Group B developed specific rehabilitation procedures and training items based on the framework to compose the training pool. A total of 110 children aged less than six years with neurodevelopmental disorders and associated motor impairments were selected from outpatient or inpatient of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, between October, 2019 and October, 2022. They were randomly divided into control group (n = 55) and clinical group (n = 55), who received routine neurodevelopmental therapy and NPT suspension therapy program based on ICF-CY, respectively, for a week. The incidence of satisfaction, acceptance and adverse events were observed. ResultsTwo cases in the control group and four cases in the clinical group dropped down. For the clinical group, the incidence of satisfaction was 98% (50/51), with acceptance of 96% (49/51), and one adverse event occurred. For the control group, the incidence of both the satisfaction and acceptance was 100%, and no adverse event occurred. There was no significant difference in the incidence of satisfaction, acceptance and the adverse event (P > 0.05). ConclusionThe NPT suspension therapy program based on the ICF-CY framework is safe and acceptable for children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Factors influencing success of external cephalic version and their clinical significance / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the factors influencing the success rate of external cephalic version (ECV) and to create a preoperative scoring scale for stratified management of pregnant women who were preparing for ECV.Methods:This prospective study was conducted on singleton pregnant women who underwent ECV without anesthesia in Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Univariate (two independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test) and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen the clinical characteristics affecting the success of ECV, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cut-off value and convert quantitative variables into dichotomous variables. The independent variables were scored according to the regression coefficient in multivariate logistic regression analysis, and then a preoperative scoring scale was created. The ROC curve was used to calculate the cut-off value for the scoring scale. The subjects were divided into low and high score groups according to the cut-off value. The area under the ROC curve was used for evaluating the effectiveness of the scale in predicting the success of ECV. The success rate of ECV, difficulty of the operation and mode of delivery were compared between the two groups. Results:A total of 1 338 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria during the study period. After the exclusion of 885 women, 165 refused ECV in favor of direct cesarean section, 27 spontaneously converted to cephalic position before ECV, 261 who voluntarily accepted ECV were finally enrolled. ECV succeeded in 202 cases and failed in 59. (1) Favorable factors for ECV without anesthesia were the distance between the fetal breech and ischial spine <－3.5 cm ( OR=0.177, 95% CI: 0.071-0.438, P=0.009), the sum of the fundal height and the station of the fetal breech based on the ischial spine <30.25 cm ( OR=0.225, 95% CI: 0.094-0.537, P=0.001), amniotic fluid index ≥12 cm ( OR=0.399, 95% CI: 0.164-0.969, P=0.042), the surgeon's ability to hold the fetal head or breech with one hand ( OR=0.241, 95% CI: 0.098-0.589, P=0.002; OR=0.219, 95% CI: 0.087-0.546, P=0.001), and the fetal head located on the right or left upper abdomen of the mother ( OR=0.184, 95% CI: 0.059-0.568, P=0.003; OR=0.253, 95% CI: 0.084-0.760, P=0.014). (2) The area under the ROC curve of the preoperative score for predicting the success of ECV was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.821-0.941) and the cut-off value was 5.5. The subjects were divided into low (0-5 scores) and high (6-11 scores) score groups and the area under the ROC curve for predicting the success of ECV by grouping was 0.843 (95% CI: 0.774-0.912). Compared with the low score group, the high score group had a shorter ECV duration [2.0 min (0.5-10.0 min) vs 10.0 min (0.9-25.8 min), Z=－6.83, P<0.001], less attempts [1.0 times (1.0-4.0 times) vs 3.0 times (1.0-5.0 times), Z=－8.41, P<0.001], higher success rate [92.7% (190/205) vs 21.4% (12/56), χ2=127.64, P<0.001], higher rate of vaginal birth [75.4% (147/195) vs 18.5% (10/54)] and lower cesarean section rate [24.6% (48/195) vs 81.5% (44/54)] ( χ2=58.70, P<0.001). Conclusions:Preoperative scoring based on the factors influencing the success rate of ECV (the distance between the fetal breech and ischial spine, the sum of the fundal height and the station of the fetal breech based on the ischial spine <30.25 cm, amniotic fluid index ≥12 cm, the surgeon's ability to hold the fetal head or breech with one hand, and the fetal head locating on the right or left upper abdomen of the mother) is conducive to the individualized evaluation of the difficulty and the success rate of ECV as well as the success rate of vaginal delivery after ECV, which can provide a reference for clinical stratified management of ECV patients.

Application and research progress of SNAP-Ⅱ, SNAPPE-Ⅱ and NCIS / 国际儿科学杂志

The neonatal critical illness scoring system is widely used to assess the severity of neonatal disease, serious complications, neonatal mortality risk, long-term prognosis, and guide transport.At present, the scores widely used at home and abroad include clinical risk index for babies(CRIB), clinical risk index for babies Ⅱ(CRIB-Ⅱ), score for neonatal acute physiology(SNAP), score for neonatal acute physiology Ⅱ(SNAP-Ⅱ), score for neonatal acute physiology, perinatal extension, version Ⅱ(SNAPPE-Ⅱ), and neonatal critical illness score(NCIS), etc.Although there are many neonatal critical illness scoring systems, there is no recognized and ideal score, the most suitable score for assessing the severity of neonatal disease.This paper reviews the application and research progress of the three scoring systems SNAP-Ⅱ, SNAPPE-Ⅱ and NCIS.

Content and psychological measurement index of ICF-CY-based motor function evaluation scale for children and adolescents with disabilities: a scoping review / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo analyze the content and psychological measurement indicators of the commonly used motor function assessment tools for children and adolescents, based on the theory and method of International Classification of Function, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY). MethodsBased on the ICF-CY classification framework and coding system, four commonly used functional evaluation tools for children and adolescents were selected, and their motor function measurement methods and psychological measurement indicators were analyzed by applying ICF coding rules and matching principles. ResultsFinally, nine English articles and two Chinese articles were included, from four countries including South Korea, Spain, China and Brazil. They were mainly published in the journals of clinical medicine, neuroscience, public health, rehabilitation science and other fields from 2011 to 2021. The age of the subjects was 0 to 16 years old involving 987 subjects; the health condition included spastic cerebral palsy, neurodevelopmental disorder, etc. Among the eleven articles included, six articles used Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88), two articles used Fine Motor Function Measure Scale (FMFM), two articles used Peabody Developmental Motor Scales Second Edition (PDMS-2), and two articles used Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Functional Skills Scale (PEDI-FSS), and three articles used Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The measurement methods were objective evaluation, subjective evaluation, and subjective observation, etc. The number of measurements was two to six. The measurement indicators of motor function mainly involved two levels. The first was the physical activity level, including gross movement, fine movement and motor control ability. The second was the functional level of activities, mainly including activities of daily living and functional independence. ConclusionBased on ICF-CY, the evaluation of children's motor function and activity and participation was mainly divided into two levels. At the body function level, the main evaluation indicators included b730, b760, b770, etc. At the level of activities and participation, the main evaluation indicators were d410, d440, d445, etc. GMFM-88 focuses on the evaluation of children's body movement and activity functions, such as sitting, standing, lying, walking and running, mainly involving b760, d410, d455, etc. FMFM focused on autonomous movement, motor motivation and motor coordination, and was mainly used to assess the functional status of upper limbs of children with cerebral palsy aged 0 to 3 years, mainly involving b760, d155, d440, etc. PDMS-2 payed more attention to evaluating the overall motor development level and motor function status of children and adolescents, mainly involving b750, b760, d415, etc. PEDI-FSS move partition focused on children's actual motor function performance in activities of daily living, and evaluated the application and practicability of children's motor function in activities of daily living, mainly involving b760, d410, d450, etc. In terms of measurement methods, the measurement of motor function mainly included objective evaluation and subjective evaluation; the measurement of activity function mainly included objective evaluation and subjective observation. These assessment tools have established norms varies with different age groups according to the movement development. Evaluators need accept professional training before using the above assessment tools to improve the reliability, validity and adaptability of the assessment.

Comprehensive spoken communication function of children with disabilities based on ICF-CY / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the comprehensive spoken communication performance of children with disabilities, and explore the related individual and environmental factors. MethodsFrom August to November, 2022, questionnaires of Communication Function Scale for Children based on ICF-CY were distributed online to parents of healthy children and children with disabilities aged two years to five years and eleven months in Shanghai, Nanjing and other areas. ResultsA total of 500 copies were sent out, and 407 valid questionnaires were returned, including 84 healthy children, 85 with hearing impairment, 119 with mental retardation, 35 with cerebral palsy and 84 with autism. There were significant differences in the comprehensive spoken communication function performance among the children with different impairment types (F = 127.618, P < 0.001). The comprehensive spoken communication ability was significantly poorer in the children with disabilities than in the healthy children (P < 0.05), and the ability was better in hearing-impaired children than in the children with other disabilities (P < 0.05). The higher the education of mother (r = -0.311, P < 0.001) and father (r = -0.280, P < 0.001), and family annual income (r = -0.228, P < 0.001), the better the children's comprehensive spoken communication performance; the children's comprehensive spoken communication performance was better when the family used Putonghua as unified communication language (r = 0.210, P < 0.001). ConclusionThe comprehensive spoken communication performance for children with disabilities is heterogeneous among different impairment types, and is affected by parents' education, family annual income, and family communication language.

Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale for children and adolescents

Abstract Objective: To translate and validate the version for children and adolescents of the UPPS-P scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: After a five-step translation process, the final draft was submitted to a panel of 12 different specialties experts. Subsequently, the application of the scale was applied concomitantly with the "Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale - Version IV" (SNAP-IV) and the "Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory" (CABI) scale to analyze the correlation between them. Content Validity Index (CVI) and reliability were estimated by calculating internal consistency and analyzing its test-retest stability. Results: The items whose CVI was lower than 80% underwent a detailed analysis to verify the reason for the bad evaluation. Five items (3, 7, 11, 22 and 35) scored below 80% and were reassessed. There was high internal consistency in all parameters: Lack of premeditation (McDonald's omega = 0.806; Cronbach's alpha = 0.801), Negative Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.838; Cronbach's alpha = 0.836), Sensation seeking (McDonald's omega = 0.826; Cronbach's alpha = 0.810), Lack of Perseverance (McDonald's omega = 0.800; Cronbach's alpha = 0.799) and Positive Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.936; Cronbach's alpha = 0.934). A strong correlation was observed between UPPS-P features and impulsivity in behavioral assessments. Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the UPPS-P scale is a good instrument to assess impulsivity in children and adolescents.

Adaptação de um programa de prevenção à violência contra criança para versão remota / Adaptation of a program to prevent violence against children into a remote model / Adaptación de un programa de prevención de la violencia contre el niño para una versión remota

Trata-se de um estudo transversal sobre o processo de adaptação do Programa ACT paraEducar Crianças em Ambientes Seguros para a versão remota. O processo de adaptação foi constituído por quatro etapas: (1) elaboração do roteiro com as adaptações para a aplicação na versão remota, (2) avaliação da proposta por seis juízas especialistas; (3) realização de modificações e alterações necessárias, e; (4) integração dos resultados para desenvolvimento da versão final. Os dados foram analisados de maneira quantitativa e qualitativa. As modificações do Programa ACT na versão remota foram consideradas adequadas pelas juízas, sendo realizadas adaptações de atividades por meio de plataformas digitais, como Google Meet, Google Forms, entre outras. Foi sugerido que contatos com entidades governamentais e não-governamentais fossem realizados a fim de incluir pais e cuidadores que não possuíssem acesso a equipamento e suporte tecnológico. A versão remota possibilitará disseminar o programa, incluindo cuidadores de diferentes locais do Brasil (AU).

This is a transversal study about the process of adapting the ACT Raising Safe Kids Program to a remote version. The adaptation process consisted of four stages: (1) elaboration of the script with adaptations for application in the remote version; (2) evaluation of the proposal by six expert judges; (3) necessary modifications and alterations; and (4) integration of the results as part of the development of the final version. The results were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The modifications of the ACT Program in the remote version were considered adequate by the judges, with adaptations of activities being carried out through digital platforms, such as Google Meet, Google Forms, among other digital platforms. A suggestion was made regarding contacting governmental and non-governmental entities in order to include parents and caregivers who do not have access to equipment and technological support. This remote version willmake possible the wide dissemination of the program, including caregivers from different parts of Brazil (AU).

Se trata de un estudio transversal sobre el proceso de adaptación del Programa de ACT para Educar Niños en Ambientes Seguros para la versión remota. El proceso de adaptación fue constituido por cuatro etapas: (1) elaboración del guion con las adaptaciones para la aplicación en la versión remota; (2) evaluación de la propuesta por seis jueces especialistas; (3) realización de modificaciones y alteraciones necesarias; y (4) integración de los resultados para desarrollo de la versión final. Los datos fueron analizados de manera cuantitativa y cualitativa. Las modificaciones del Programa de ACT en la versión remota fueron consideradas adecuadas por las juezas, siendo realizadas adaptaciones de actividades por medio de plataformas digitales, como Google Meet, Google Forms, entre otras. Fue sugerido que contactos con entidades gubernamentales y no gubernamentales fueran realizados a fin de incluir padres y cuidadores que no tuvieran acceso a equipo y soporte tecnológico. La versión remota posibilitará diseminar ampliamente el programa, incluyendo cuidadores de diferentes lugares de Brasil (AU).

Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (EDAE-21): propriedades psicométricas em gestantes brasileiras / Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21): psychometric properties in brazilin pregnant women / Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (EDAE-21): propiedades psicométricas en mujeres embarazadas brasileñas

Apesar do crescente avanço no uso de instrumentos para a avaliação da saúde emocional nos períodos perinatal e puerperal, destaca-se que a maioria das ferramentas utilizadas não possui evidências psicométricas para a população de gestantes. A Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (EDAE-21) possibilita a mensuração simultânea de níveis de ansiedade, estresse e depressão. O estudo objetivou avaliar a consistência interna da EDAE-21, a validade convergente da escala em relação ao IDATE, à EEP e ao BDI-II, e a estabilidade das avaliações em um intervalo de até 12 semanas. Participaram da pesquisa 53 gestantes (primeira avaliação) e 35 gestantes (segunda avaliação). A escala apresentou índices de consistência interna, estabilidade e convergência adequados à população investigada. A EDAE-21 pode auxiliar profissionais e pesquisadores da saúde, proporcionando agilidade no diagnóstico de indicadores emocionais desfavoráveis em diferentes períodos gestacionais.

Despite the increasing progress in the use of instruments to assess emotional health in the perinatal and puerperal periods, it is emphasized that most of the tools used do not have psychometric evidence for the population of pregnant women. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) enables the measurement of anxiety, stress, and depression levels, simultaneously. The study aimed to assess the internal consistency of the DASS-21, the convergent validity of the scale in relation to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory ­ second edition (BDI-II), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the stability of the evaluations in a range of up to 12 weeks. Fifty-three (first evaluation) and 35 pregnant women (second evaluation) participated in the research. The scale showed adequate internal consistency, stability, and convergence rates for the investigated population. The DASS-21 can help practitioners and researchers of health, providing agility in the diagnosis of unfavorable emotional indicators in different gestational periods

A pesar del creciente progreso en el uso de instrumentos para evaluar la salud emocional en el período perinatal y puerperal, se destaca que la mayoría de las herramientas utilizadas no tienen evidencia psicométrica para mujeres embarazadas. La Escala de Depressión, Ansiedad y Estrés (EDAE-21) mide simultáneamente los niveles de ansiedad, estrés y depresión. El estudio evaluó la consistencia interna del EDAE-21, la validez convergente de la escala en relación con el STAI, el BDI-II y el EEP y la estabilidad de las evaluaciones en un intervalo de hasta 12 semanas. 53 mujeres embarazadas (primera evaluación) y 35 mujeres embarazadas (segunda evaluación) participaron en la investigación. La escala presentó valores de consistencia interna, estabilidad y convergencia adecuados para la población investigada. El EDAE-21 puede ayudar a los profesionales de la salud y a los investigadores, proporcionando agilidad en el diagnóstico de indicadores emocionales desfavorables en diferentes períodos de gestación.

Escala revisada de valoración funcional de esclerosis lateral amiotrófica: adaptación transcultural / Argentine cross-cultural adaptation of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: functional rating scale-revised

Resumen Introducción: La Escala Revisada de Valoración Funcional de la Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica es una herramienta básica para la evaluación de personas con esta enfermedad. En nuestro país se utilizan versiones sin el proceso metodológico necesario para adaptarlas culturalmente y poder certificar lo vero símil de los datos recogidos. Fue nuestro objetivo generar una apropiada versión adaptada al español argentino. Métodos: Se realizó la adaptación transcultural de la escala produciendo su versión argentina, conforme proce dimientos y medidas de verificación de calidad metodológica internacionalmente aceptadas: proceso secuencial de traducción/síntesis/retrotraducción; resolución de discrepancias y consolidación de la versión obtenida por comité multidisciplinario bajo metodología Delphi; puesta a prueba de dicha versión en una población de perso nas con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica analizando el nivel de dificultad sintáctico-pragmático; constitución de la versión final. El análisis del nivel de dificultad se constituyó en base a los siguientes indicadores: moda, mediana, índice variación cualitativa, razón de variación, frecuencia acumulada de apreciaciones positivas, identificación/ modificación de ítems observados, tomando como base un criterio de concordancia ≥ 80%. Resultados: Tras 3 rondas de consulta se obtuvo la versión consensuada por el comité, obteniéndose niveles de concordancia del 83,33%-100%. Su puesta a prueba involucró a 21 alfabetos funcionales, nativos/residentes, 67% hombres, media edad 51 años, media evolución 1,4 años. Ausencia de dificultad a nivel comprensión y la ausencia de ítems conflictivos. Discusión: La versión obtenida demostró su validez de contenido conceptual respecto de la original, sin presentar conflictos semánticos o pragmáticos que afecten su uso en nuestra población.

Abstract Introduction: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised is a basic tool for the evaluation of people with this disease. In our country, versions are used without the necessary methodological process to adapt them culturally and to be able to certify the plausibility of the data collected. It was our goal to generate an appropriate version adapted to Argentine Spanish. Methods: Cross-cultural adaptation of the scale was ca rried out, producing its Argentine version. Said production was carried out according to internationally accepted methodological procedures: sequential process of translation / synthesis / back-translation and consolidation of the version obtained by a multidisciplinary committee that solved of disagreements under Delphi methodology. The version obtained was tested on ALS people to determine of the existing syntactic - pragmatic level of difficulty, after which the final version was constituted. Difficulty level analysis was performed according to indicators: mode, median, qualitative variation index, variation ratio, accumulated frequency of positive evaluations, identification/ modification of observed items (determining criterion: concordance criterion ≥ 80%). Results: After 3 rounds of consultation, the version agreed upon by the committee was obtained, obtaining agreement levels of 83.33%-100%. Its testing involved 21 functional alphabets, natives/residents, 67% men, mean age 51 years old, mean evolution 1.4 years. The general indicators supported the understanding of the version and the absence of conflicting items. Discussion: The version obtained demonstrated its conceptual content validity regarding the English version, presenting not semantic nor pragmatic conflicts affecting their use in an Argentine population of ALS patients.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes con hipotiroidismo congénito permanente / Health-related quality of life of adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism

Introducción: El hipotiroidismo congénito puede afectar el estado emocional, las relaciones sociales y el nivel de independencia del adolescente. Estos aspectos pueden influir en la percepción de su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes con hipotiroidismo congénito permanente e identificar su posible relación con algunas características sociodemográficas y clínicas. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en 40 adolescentes, varones y mujeres entre 10 y 19 años, registrados por el Programa Cubano de Diagnóstico Precoz de Hipotiroidismo Congénito, con el cuestionario genérico PedsQL TM ®, versión 4.0 para uso pediátrico. Resultados: Los mayores puntajes correspondieron a los adolescentes entre 10-14 años, del sexo masculino, nivel educacional primario, sin consumo de sustancias nocivas y que mostraron satisfacción con la vida familiar y un buen control de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los adolescentes tienen una buena percepción de su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. La dimensión y la función que más aportaron fueron la física y la social, respectivamente(AU)

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism can affect the emotional state, social relationships and the level of independence of adolescents. These aspects can influence the perception of their health-related quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the health-related quality of life of adolescents with permanent congenital hypothyroidism and to identify possible relationship with some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in 40 adolescents, male and female, between 10 and 19 years old, who were registered by the Cuban Program for Early Diagnosis, using the generic PedsQL TM ® questionnaire, version 4.0 for pediatric use, as an instrument. Results: The highest scores corresponded to adolescents between 10-14 years old, male, primary educational level, without harmful substance use and who showed satisfaction with family life and good control of the disease. Conclusions: Most adolescents have good perception of their health-related quality of life. The dimension and function that contributed the most were physical and social, respectively(AU)

Application of the SNAP-Ⅳ and the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test in evaluating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the consistency and correlation between the Chinese Version of Swanson Nolan and Pelham, Version Ⅳ Scale (SNAP-Ⅳ) and the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT) in the assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), thus providing a reliable basis for the diagnosis of ADHD, and reducing the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate.Methods:Clinical data of children to be diagnosed as ADHD in the Department of Children′s Rehabilitation, Yuying Children′s Hospital of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from October 2019 to July 2020 were collected.A total of 282 SNAP-Ⅳ and IVA-CPT profiles were collected, and the Kappa test and Pearson test were used to retrospectively analyzed for their consistency and correlation in the diagnosis of ADHD. Results:SNAP-Ⅳ and IVA-CPT were consistent in the diagnosis of ADHD (Kappa value=0.514, total coincidence rate=65.6%, P<0.000 1). Inattention subset scores of SNAP-Ⅳ were consistent with the assessment of ADHD by IVA-CPT (Kappa value=0.485, total coincidence rate=75.5%, P<0.000 1). Inattention subset scores of SNAP-Ⅳ were negatively correlated with the Full Scale Attention Quotient (FAQ) in IVA-CPT ( r=-0.71, P<0.000 1). Hyperactivity-impulsive subscale in the SNAP-Ⅳ and IVA-CPT were consistent in the assessment of hyperactivity-impulsive behavior (Kappa value=0.585, total coincidence rate=81.6%, P<0.000 1). Hyperactivity-impulse subset scores were negatively correlated with the Full Scale Response Control Quotient (FRCQ) in IVA-CPT ( r=-0.74, P<0.000 1). Conclusions:Both SNAP-Ⅳ and IVA-CPT have certain diagnostic potential of ADHD, showing good consistency and correlation.They can be both used to provide a more comprehensive diagnosis basis, thereby reducing the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of ADHD.

Learning curve for ultrasound-guided external cephalic version without anesthesia in full-term and near-term pregnancies / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effects of physician skills on the success rate of the external cephalic version (ECV) and investigate the learning curve for ECV.Methods:A retrospective study of 97 pregnant women who underwent ECV at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2019 to August 2021 was performed. Patients were divided into multipara and primipara groups. The success rate of ECV and morbidity were compared between the two groups, and the learning curve for ECV was evaluated using cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM).Results:(1) Patients in the multipara group were older than those in the primipara group [(33.0±3.4) vs (29.2±3.0) years, t=－5.57, P<0.001]. No significant difference was found in other baseline data between the two groups. (2) The overall ECV success rate was 61.9% (60/97), and a higher success rate was observed in the multipara group [93.3% (28/30) vs 47.8% (32/67), χ 2=18.24, P<0.001]. Fetal heart rate deceleration (5.2%, 5/97), vaginal bleeding (1.0%, 1/97), premature rupture of membranes (1.0%, 1/97), and fetal distress (1.0%, 1/97) were the main complications. (3) The CUSUM analysis showed that it needed 53 primiparas for a physician to obtain a 50% consistent success rate ( R2=0.91, H=－3.27, Y=52.16) and seven multiparas to achieve a 70% consistent success rate ( R2=0.99, H=－1.635, Y=6.60). Conclusions:Parity and operator skills have a significant influence on the success of ECV. A physician with standardized training will manage non-anesthesia ECV skillfully in full-term and near-term pregnancies after practice on 50 primiparae or approximately ten multiparae. It is recommended to start with the multiparae for learning ECV to build up confidence and promote the implementation of ECV.

Application of reflective teaching combined with the framework of ICF-CY in rehabilitation therapy practice / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of SOAP (subjective objective assessment plan) case recording method by reflective teaching combined with the framework of International Classification of Functioning-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY) in rehabilitation therapy practice.Methods:Interns of rehabilitation therapywere randomly divided into ICF-CY record group taking the case recording method of reflective teaching combined with the framework of ICF-CY and traditional record group taking traditional SOAP case recording method for children with cerebral palsy. After the internship, examination based on the clinical analysis and assessment of cases records and questionnaire survey were conducted among the two groups of interns. SPSS 20.0 was used to conduct t test and chi-square test. Results:The scores based on the clinical analysis and assessment of the ICF-CY record group were higher than those of the traditional record group. The questionnaire showed that interns' satisfaction of the SOAP case recording method by reflective teaching combined with the framework of ICF-CY was superior to the traditional SOAP case recording method ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The SOAP case recording method by reflective teaching combined with the framework of ICF-CY can improve interns' abilities of clinical case analysis, stimulate their self-learning abilities, and help to cultivate their thinking of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Perkembangan Bahasa dan Pertuturan Kanak-Kanak Melayu Pengguna Implan Koklea di bawah Program Implan Koklea Kebangsaan, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (Speech and Language Development of Malay Children with Cochlear Implants under the National Cochlear Implant Program, Ministry of Health Malaysia) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#Speech and language skills are among the crucial components in determining cochlear implant habilitation outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate speech and language skills of Malay cochlear implant children using a developmental scale questionnaire and to identify the demographic factors that contribute to their performance. This study involved 26 children recruited from the National Cochlear Implant Program under the Malaysian Ministry of Health with chronological ages between 33 to 99 months (mean=72, SD=18.9), implant ages between 18 to 71 months (mean=40, SD=13.5) and hearing ages between 13 to 48 months (mean=30, SD=10.5). The instrument used was The Integrated Scale of Development-Malay version 2 (ISD-Mv2). The questionnaires were given to the parents or caregivers followed with by a phone call interview later. Results from the study showed that only 9 subjects (35%) were able score on the ISD-Mv2 equally or higher than their hearing age. From the six components in the ISD-Mv2, cognitive was scored the highest with 96.79% meanwhile expressive language was the lowest with 76.21%. Pearson correlation test revealed strong positive correlation between audition-receptive language (r=0.554, p<0.05) and cognitive–social communication/ pragmatic (r= 0.625, p<0.05). Speech and language performance of children with demographic factors did not show significant differences. The findings suggests that majority of the Malay cochlear implant children demonstrated delayed speech and language performance as compared to normal hearing children.

Translation and Validation of Malay Version of the Simplified Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT)

@#Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is highly prevalent in Malaysia. In managing diabetes, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) have advocated self-management to be the basic component of diabetes care. However, an ongoing discussion, education and assessment of the patient’s diabetic knowledge should be implemented in the patient’s empowerment process. There are various assessment tools available worldwide but very few are available in the Malay language. This study is aimed to perform the Malay translation of the Simplified Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT) questionnaire and validate it. Methods: Forward-backward translation procedure was used to translate the simplified version of the DKT questionnaire. A total of 120 respondents with type 2 diabetes mellitus from a selected government health clinic were recruited to answer the questionnaire which consists of socio-demographic, diabetes characteristics and the 20-item Malay version of simplified DKT questionnaire. Reliability and construct validity were tested with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Exploratory Factor Analysis. Results: Factor analysis with Varimax rotation identified five meaningful domains for the final 18 items. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of the translated questionnaire was 0.573 with values of each five significant domain’s Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.370 to 0.564. Conclusion: The Malay version of simplified DKT is valid and reliable to be used as a brief assessment of knowledge among Malaysian diabetic patients.

Application of the mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester cough questionnaire in the chronic disease management of adult patients with severe asthma / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To explore the application of the mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ-MC) in the chronic disease management of adult patients with severe asthma.Methods:Thirty patients with severe asthma without a smoking history who received treatment and chronic disease management in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from December 2018 to December 2020 and met the inclusion criteria were selected as the research subjects. Their clinical symptoms, LCQ-MC, asthma control test (ACT), mini asthma quality of life questionnaire (MiniAQLQ), visual analogue scale (VAS) and lung function test were recorded. The reliability of LCQ-MC and its correlation with ACT, MiniAQLQ, VAS and lung function were analyzed.Results:Among the 30 patients, there were 14 males and 16 females, with an average age of (50.5±10.5) years old and a medical history of (38.3±15.5) years. The main manifestations were cough which was observed in 29 cases (96.7%), wheezing in 25 cases (83.3%), nasal symptoms in 14 cases (46.7%) and chest tightness in 11 cases (36.7%). All lung functions were consistent with the diagnosis of asthma. The total score of LCQ-MC was (16.1±4.2), in which the physiological, psychological and social dimensions were (5.0±1.2), (5.6±1.6), (5.5±1.7), respectively; and ACT (18.9+5.5), MiniAQLQ (4.9±1.4), VAS (33.5±32.4). The Cronbach′s α for the questionnaire was more than 0.70, and the results were positively correlated with ACT and MiniAQLQ ( r=0.553, 0.593, P=0.002, 0.001), negatively correlated with VAS ( r=-0.762, P<0.001). The correlations between LCQ-MC and these scores were consistent with the results after 6 months. Conclusion:Cough is an important symptom of severe asthma, and LCQ-MC can be effectively used for evaluation and chronic disease management of adult patients with severe asthma.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Measurement Properties of the Indonesian Kujala Score for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Patients

@#Introduction: There is an overwhelming need for worldwide applicable subjective grading systems for patients' anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. The scoring system should be validated for their use in advance related measurements. For the Indonesian language speaking population, only the Kujala Patellofemoral Score (KPS) questionnaire has been translated and validated into the Indonesian language for diseases related to knee pain, but none for ACL tears. The present study aims at cross-cultural adaption to measure the validity and reliability of the Kujala patellofemoral score Indonesian version (KPS-I) specifically for ACL tear patients. Material and methods: The responses of 106 ACL tear patients on two questionnaires comprising the KPS-I and Short Form (SF)–36 were examined by determining the validity and reliability. We conducted the validity construct and content, so the reliability was evaluated by test-retest reliability, internal consistency and measurement error. In addition, the research utilised the Bland and Altman method to explore absolute agreement. Results: The construct and content validity were good, where all hypotheses were confirmed, and the floor or ceiling effect did not occur. The reliability proved excellent between test and retest (ICC=0.99). An internal consistency showed a good Cronbach α of 0.86. The standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change at the individual (MDCind), and minimal detectable change at the group (MDCgrp) were determined to be 2.1, 5.8, and 0.7, respectively. The application of the Bland and Altman plot method revealed no bias in this study. Conclusion: The validation procedure shows that the KPS-I is a good evaluation instrument for Indonesian patients with ACL tear. However, it is suggested that this score be used for follow-up of patients after ACL reconstruction procedure, especially with anterior knee pain related to the original objective of the Kujala score.