ABSTRACT
Historical specimens collected from hospitalized children were tested for the following 13 viruses: influenza A and B; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); parainfluenza viruses 1� human metapneumovirus; rhinovirus; coronaviruses 229E, OC43, NL63 and HKU1 and Adenovirus using monoplex real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). They were retested using TaqMan Array Card (TAC), a micro-fluidic system, capable of simultaneous multi-pathogen testing, to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity against monoplex rRT-PCR. TAC showed high sensitivity (71%�0%) and specificity (98%�0%) for these viruses in comparison to monoplex rRT-PCR. Multi-specimen detection with high sensitivity and specificity makes TAC a potentially useful tool for both surveillance and outbreak investigations.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the epidemiological and clinical features of viral pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI)in children in Suzhou. To provide the evidence-based medicine for early warning,diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection in children. Methods The study population comprised of all the children ranging from 28 days to 15 years old with ARTI admitted to Department of Respiration,the Childrenˊs Hospital Affiliated to Soo-chow University,between January 2006 and December 2015. The study cases were divided into 4 age groups based on ages(28 days to <1 year old,1- <3 years old,3- <5 years old and ≥5 years old). The nasopharyngeal aspirates and medical history were obtained by qualified medical personnel. Seven kinds of common respiratory virus were detec-ted by using the direct immunofluorescence. Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP),chlamydia pneumonia(CP)and human bo-cavirus(hBoV)were detected by adopting fluorescence quantitative PCR. Human rhinovirus(HRV)and human metap-neumovirus(hMPV)were detected by means of reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction( RT -PCR). Sputum was cultured for bacteria. Results In 21 624 cases,17 618 cases were detected,and the positive detection rate of virus was 30. 74%(5 416 cases). The highest detection rate of virus was 44. 25%(881/1 991 cases)in 2011 in the 10 years. There were 3 317 cases of single virus pathogen infection,accounting for 18. 83%. Among them,respiratory syn-cytial virus(RSV)was the first with 9. 42%(1 660/17 618 cases),followed by HRV(5. 17%,278/5 372 cases), hBoV(3. 12%,351/11 263 cases),Pinf 3(2. 17%,383/17 618 cases),and the lowest rate was Pinf 2 with 0. 05%(8/17 618 cases). There were 2 099 cases of overlap infection,accounting for 11. 91%. The virus combined with bacte-rial infection accounted for 7. 86%(1 384/17 618 cases),which had the most positive cases. With the increase of age, the single virus pathogen infection rate gradually dropped. The highest detection rate was 22. 82%(1 976/8 656 cases) in the group between 28 days and <1 year old,and the lowest detection rate was 7. 81%(159/2 035 cases)of children over 5 years of age. The virus positive rate of the four seasons was 18. 28%(833/4 556 cases),13. 86%(625/4 508 cases),5. 91%(684/4 298 cases),27. 68%(1 178/4 256 cases),respectively,and detection rate in winter was the highest,and the least in summer. In the single virus infection,bronchiolitis had the highest percentage(36. 32%,25/69 cases),and the least rate was 5. 83%(63/1 080 cases)of lobar pneumonia. Conclusions Monitored for 10 years of the virus respiratory infection in Suzhou area,RSV,HRV and hBoV turned out to play an important role in respiratory tract infection in children. The children less than 3 years old are the most susceptible to virus infection. The epidemic season of each virus is different and characteristic.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the viral pathogen of children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Chongqing and to direct clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods:Nasopharyngeal secretion was oblained from 1731 inpatient children diagnosed as ARI, and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), para influenza virusⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, adeno virus and influenza virus A, B were detected by direct immunofuorescence. Results:There was relationship between total positive rate of virus pathogens of children with ARI and age, season and respiratory disease, but not for sex. Among the 7 virus, top detected virus was RSV, followed in turn by para influenza virusⅢ. There was higher RSV detection rate in infants aged 6～12months with bronchiolitis in winter. Para influenza virusⅢwas commonly delected in children with upper respiratory infecttion and over 5 vears. Conclusions:Detection of viral pathogens in children with respiratory infection could give fast, accurate diagnostic evidence, and help avoid antibiotics abuse. Moreover, it is the base of long-term detection of viral pathogens and the hase of the study about the virus relalive dis- eases.
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Objective To study the difference between season, respiratory disease,age and sex in viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection(ARI) of children in Chongqing during 2003-2004 to provide strategy for clinical treatment and precaution.Methods Nasopharyngeal secretion was obtained from 741 in-patient children diagnosed as ARI,and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),para influenza virus Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,adenovirus and influenza virus A,B were detected by direct immunofluorescence.Results There was relationship between total positive rate of virus pathogens of children's ARI and season,respiratory disease and age,but not for sex.Positive rate of virus was highest in winter,bronchiolitis and infants aged 29 days-6 months,lowest in spring,upper respiratory infection and children over 3 years.Among the 7 virus,top detected virus was RSV(positive rate was 87.3%),followed in turn by para influenza virus Ⅲ,adenovirus,influenza virus A.There was highest RSV detection rate in infants aged 0-6 months with bronchiolitis,and lowest in children over 3 years with upper respiratory infection.Adenovirus was commonly detected in summer,and girls over 3 years with upper respiratory infection,and influenza virus A commonly in summer and children with upper respiratory infection(URI).Conclusion Detection of viral pathogens in children with respiratory infection could give fast,accurate diagnostic evidence, and help avoid antibiotics abuse.Viral kinds could be estimated by epidemiologic features such as season,disease and age etc.Antiviral antibody and other detection should be done if necessary for facilitating the treatment and precaution of ARI.