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1.
Psicol. teor. pesqui ; 28(2): 141-148, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643079

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o envolvimento de recursos da atenção na codificação e manutenção da informação visual e espacial na memória de trabalho. Utilizou-se um paradigma de tarefas duplas em que uma tarefa primária de localização espacial foi realizada simultaneamente a uma tarefa atentiva secundária de discriminação de tons. O desempenho dos participantes (n = 20) na tarefa primária foi afetado pela presença e pela similaridade entre os tons da tarefa secundária, e também, pela instrução de priorizar uma ou outra tarefa. Os resultados indicam que recursos atentivos (do executivo central) estão envolvidos na codificação e na manutenção ativa da informação integrada na memória visuoespacial, assim como na manutenção dos objetivos das tarefas a serem realizadas simultaneamente.


The objective of this study was to investigate the involvement of attention in the encoding and maintenance of information in visual and spatial working memory. We used a dual task paradigm in which a primary task of spatial localization was performed simultaneously with a secondary attentive task of tone discrimination. The participants' performance (n = 20) in the primary task was affected by the presence and similarity between the tones of the secondary task, and also the instruction to prioritize one task or another. The results indicate that attentive resources (central executive) are involved in encoding and active maintenance of integrated information in visuo-spatial memory, as well as in maintaining the objectives of the tasks to be performed simultaneously.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Attention , Cognition , Task Performance and Analysis
2.
Journal of Korean Geriatric Psychiatry ; : 83-90, 2007.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-157799

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to find out the correlation between head circumference and visuospatial function of the elderly in community. METHODS: A total of 463 subjects (170 men and 293 women) aged 60-91 years were analyzed from preliminary data of GDEMCIS (Gwangju Dementia and MCI Study). The study questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, current and past illness history, drug history, K-MMSE, SNSB-D. We also measured head circumference and examined ApoE genotype. RESULTS: On regression analysis, as head circumference become smaller, visuospatial memory scores (S-Rey immediate recall & delayed recall) decreased adjusted by age, height, sex, educational level, ApoE epsilon 4 allele, current smoking and alcohol drinking (beta=0.18, p=0.002, beta=0.15, p=0.01). Presence of ApoE epsilon 4 allele has no direct correlation with head circumference and cognitive decline. CONCLSION: As head circumference become smaller, only visuospatial memory scores decreased significantly. These results suggest that visuospatial memory function might be one of the sensitive markers of brain reserve differences.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Alcohol Drinking , Alleles , Apolipoproteins E , Cognitive Reserve , Dementia , Genotype , Head , Memory , Memory, Short-Term , Neuropsychological Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Smoke , Smoking
3.
Paidéia (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 16(34): 215-223, maio-ago. 2006. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-466837

ABSTRACT

Três tarefas intervenientes (verbal, visual e aritmética), realizadas durante estudo de uma cena, foram utilizadas com o objetivo de explicitar a natureza da representação memorizada das distâncias entre os objetos da cena. O efeito delas sobre a representação das distâncias foi estimado por expoentes da função potência baseados em julgamentos da distância relembrada entre pares de objetos e reprodução em desenho da disposição espacial dos objetos da cena. Os resultados mostram que expoentes obtidos não diferem da unidade. Por outro lado, os estimados pelas coordenadas x e y com base nos desenhos são menores. Tanto os expoentes obtidos nos julgamentos de magnitude de distância aos pares como aqueles a partir do eixo y do desenho foram afetados pela realização da tarefa aritmética durante o tempo de estudo, mas não pela realização da tarefa visual. Estes resultados sugerem que componentes visuais e espaciais contribuem com pesos diferenciados para a qualidade da representação.


Three intervening tasks (verbal, visual and arithmetical) performed by participants during the study of a scene were used to explicit the nature of the memorized representations of the distances between scene objects. The effect of the intervening task on the distances representation was determined through the exponent of the power function estimated from the judgments of distances based on estimation and the distances between objects in scene. The results showed that the exponents obtained by magnitude estimation do not differ from unit. On the contrary, the exponents obtained on the basis of the x and y coordinates of the drawing have lower values. The exponents obtained with judgments of magnitude and from the y axe of the drawing were affected by the arithmetical task performed during the study time, but not by visual one. These results suggest that visual and spatial components contribute with differentiated weights for the representation quality.


Subject(s)
Adult , Memory
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