Factors Associated with Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders Risk among Bamboo Craftsman in Mojorejo Village, Ponorogo Indonesia

@#Introduction: Work-related Musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) becomes the one of most-occupational problem and highly related to the individual and work factors. Eighty percent (80%) workers in the woven bamboo industry in Mojorejo Village dominated by middle aged workers (>40 years) that most of their producing activities are manually handled, without using machine or modern technology. Incompatibility work station, long working hours and repeated movement aggravated the WMSDs risk. This study aims to describe the WMSDs risk and determine its factors based on individual characteristics. Methods: There are 58 workers as respondents in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected and analyzed using quantitative method. Posture Exposure (PE) were measured using the QEC instrument. While the WMSDs risk were measured using PLIBEL. Individual factors (PE, Age, Working Period) related to WMSDs were analyzed using Multinomial Logistic Regression (95% CI). The Chi-square test were also used to compare PE rates among WMSDs risk levels. Results: Most respondents (48.3%) with 51-70% PE rate have a high level of WMSDs risk. While 27 % respondents with PE rate >70% have a very high level. The neck is the region most exposed to the WMSDs (score 15.5/very high level risk). PE rate is the only factor that significantly related to WMSDs risk (sig. = 0.043; Rsquare = 0.529; r =0.703). While the age and working period has no significant correlation (Sig = 0.859 and 0.851 respectively). Conclusion: Based on the result, immediate improvement required to be implemented. It is suggested to redesigned work stations adjusted to the workers posture and position.

Mediating effect of emotion regulatory self-efficacy in the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and turnover intention among operating room nurses / 中国职业医学

Objective To explore the mediating effect of emotion regulatory self-efficacy (ERSE) in the relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and turnover intention in operating room nurses. Methods A total of 372 operating room nurses from five hospitals in Shenyang City were selected as the research subjects using covenient sampling method. The Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, Turnover Intention Scale, and Emotional Self-Regulation Efficacy Scale were used to study the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), turnover intention, and ERSE among the study subjects. The Bootstrap method was used for mediation effect analysis of ERSE. Results The prevalence of WMSDs among operating room nurses was 69.9%. The scores for turnover intention and ERSE among operating room nurses were (13.6±6.3) and (34.7±16.2), respectively. ERSE played a partial mediating role in the relationship between WMSDs and turnover intention among operating room nurses, with an effect value of 0.04 and the 95% confidence interval of 0.01 to 0.08, accounting for 8.1% of the total effect. Conclusion WMSDs and ERSE directly influence turnover intention among operating room nurses. WMSDs can indirectly increase turnover intention by reducing ERSE among operating room nurses.

Meta analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among dentists in China / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the relevant factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among dentists through Meta analysis, providing a basis for the prevention and control of WMSDs among dentists. Methods: In April 2022, cross-sectional research literatures on the prevalence correlation of WMSDs among Chinese dentists were searched in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Em Base database. The search was conducted from the establishment of the database until April 2022, literatures were selected using keywords such as musculoskeletal disorders and dentists. To extract gender, age, length of service, disease classification and other related influencing factors as indicator, and prevalence was selected as the outcome indicator. After evaluating the quality of the literatures, RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the combined RD (95%CI) values of the included literatures. Results: A total of 15 articles were included, with a total sample size of 3646 people. Meta analysis results showed that the prevalence of WMSDs among dentists in China was 80%, and the top three parts of the incidence rates were 65% of the waist, 58% of the neck, and 50% of the back. Gender, age, length of service, region and disease classification all increased the risk of WMSDs, and the combined effect size were 75%, 78%, 71%, 77% and 82% respectively (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The occurrence of WMSDs among dentists in China is related to multiple factors such as gender, age, length of service and disease classification. The above risk factors should be taken into account in the workplace and preventive measures should be actively implemented to prolong the working life of dentists.

Comparative analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders catalogues / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) refer to musculoskeletal disorders caused by work or work as the main cause, which are characterized by high prevalence and heavy burden of disease as a global problem. The classification and catalog of occupational diseases is of great significance for guiding the prevention and control of occupational diseases and safeguarding the rights and interests of workers. The types of WMSDs included in the list of occupational diseases vary greatly from country to country, and the regulations on specific pathogenic factors are also inconsistent. By sorting out and analyzing the lists and characteristics of WMSDs at home and abroad, and using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) in occupational health to standardize of WMSDs in various countries, which would lay the foundation for future multi-country WMSDs occupational health registration and disease burden research, and provide a reference for China to revise the WMSDs list.

The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study)

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that long working hours are hazardous to the workers’ health. Especially, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been considered as one of the significant health issues in workplace. The objective of this study was to identify the association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS: The analysis was conducted using data from the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Subjects of this study were 24,783 wage workers and divided into three groups according to the weekly working hours, which were ≤ 40, 41–52 and > 52 h. The relationship between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method after adjusting for general, occupational characteristics including specific working motions or postures and psychosocial factors. RESULTS: Approximately 18.4% of subjects worked more than 52 h per week and 26.4 and 16.4% of male subjects and 33.0 and 23.4% of female subjects experienced work-related upper and lower limb pains, respectively, over the last 12 months. Moreover, the prevalence of upper and lower limb pain was increased in both genders as the weekly working hours increased. The odds ratios (ORs) of upper limb pain for those working 41–52 h and more than 52 h per week when adjusted for general, occupational characteristics including specific motions or postures and psychosocial factors were 1.36 and 1.40 for male workers and 1.26 and 1.66 for female workers compared to the reference group, respectively. Furthermore, ORs of lower limb pain for the same weekly working hour groups were 1.26 and 1.47 for male workers and 1.20 and 1.47 for female workers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Long working hours were significantly related to work-related musculoskeletal symptoms in Korean wage workers and appropriate interventions should be implemented to reduce long working hours that can negatively affect workers’ health.

Study on the correlation between work-related musculoskeletal disorders and work ability among nurses at three level general hospital in Xinjiang / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and work ability (WA) among nurses in Xinjiang.@*Methods@#A total of 1 873 nursing staff in the Departments of Internal Medicine, Surgery, Emergency and ICU Department, Operating Room and Supply Room of 6 Grade 3 General Hospitals in Xinjiang Beijiang Region were randomly selected by means of random sampling, and revised Nordic National Musculoskeletal Disorders Standard Questionnaire and Work Ability Index Scale were used to evaluate the status of nursing WMSDs and WA.@*Results@#(1) The symptom incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among nursing staff in the past year was 77.42%; The highest symptom incidence in all parts of the body was waist, neck, shoulder and back, and the symptom incidence was 63.59%, 59.80%, 47.78% and 37.32%, respectively; (2) The total score of nursing staff's work ability was (35.91±5.143) ; The proportion of "poor" , "middle" , "good" and "excellent" were 5.23%, 47.41%, 41.43% and 5.93% respectively; (3) The total working capacity of the sick group was (35.11±5.044) , The working ability of the non-diseased group was (38.64±4.507) , The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=13.773, P<0.01) ; There was a significant difference in the level of work ability between the two groups (z=-12.335, P<0.01) ; The working ability of "poor" and medium in the injury group was significantly higher than that of the non injury group, while the working ability was "better" and "excellent" than that of the non injury group; (4) The working ability of nursing staff of different age in WMSDs injury group was lower than that in non injury group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) ; There was a negative correlation between the working ability of the injury group and the length of service, that is, with the increase of the length of service, the working ability index decreased (P<0.01) ; There was a positive correlation between the working ability of the non injury group and the length of service, that is, with the increase of the length of service, the work ability index increased gradually, but the correlation was not statistically significant (r=0.063, P=0.195) ; (5) The working ability of nursing staff of different departments in WMSDs injury group was lower than that in non injury group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . (6) Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the working ability of nursing staff were: past medical history, WMSDs disease, length of service and night shift frequency;@*Conclusion@#The symptom incidence of WMSDs was high among nurses; Work Ability at a moderate level; work-related musculoskeletal disorders is associated with reduced ability of nursing staff; work-related musculoskeletal disorders are associated with reduced working capacity of nursing staff.

A subnotificação de LER/DORT sob a ótica de profissionais de saúde de Palmas, Tocantins / Underreporting of repetitive strain injuries/work-related musculoskeletal disorders (RSI/WMSDs) from the perspective of healthcare workers from Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil

Resumo Objetivo: este estudo analisa os elementos que influenciam a subnotificação do agravo LER/DORT no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan) a partir da percepção dos profissionais que atuam na Rede de Serviços Sentinela em Saúde do Trabalhador na cidade de Palmas (TO). Método: pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, realizada com 21 profissionais de saúde que atendem pacientes com possíveis diagnósticos de LER/DORT ou que realizam a notificação desse agravo nas unidades sentinelas em saúde do trabalhador. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro e novembro de 2011 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: entre os principais fatores relacionados à subnotificação das LER/DORT em Palmas, destacaram-se nos relatos dos participantes as dúvidas apresentadas pelos profissionais na identificação do agravo, as indefinições e desconhecimento do papel de cada profissional na identificação e notificação do agravo, a insuficiência do trabalho em equipe e a desvalorização da notificação por parte de alguns profissionais, associada ao desconhecimento da finalidade desses dados. Conclusões: essa situação assinala para a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais em um processo de formação continuada, de modo a fomentar o trabalho em equipe que incorpore tanto discussões sobre as LER/DORT quanto em relação à importância da notificação no banco de dados do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

Abstract Objective: to analyze the elements that influence underreporting of repetitive strain injuries/work-related musculoskeletal disorders (RSI/WMSDs) at the Brazilian notifiable diseases information system (SINAN), from the perspective of the healthcare workers from the Occupational Health Sentinel Service Network. Method: qualitative research with 21 healthcare workers who looked after patients with possible diagnosis of RSI/WMSD or who notified these diseases at the sentinel units in the city of Palmas (TO), Brazil. Data were collected from September to November 2011 through semi-structured interviews and analysed using Bardin's content analysis. Results: Among the main factors related to RSI/WMSDs underreporting in Palmas, the following are emphasized by the participants: the professionals' hesitation in identifying the injury; the lack of definition or knowledge regarding the role of each professional in identifying and reporting the injury; the insufficient team work; the way some healthcare workers undervalue notifications coupled with their unfamiliarity regarding the data purpose. Conclusions: this situation points towards the need for continuously training healthcare workers in a way to foster teamwork that includes discussions on both RSI/WMSDs and the importance of notifying them to the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) database.

How Work Organization Affects the Prevalence of WMSDs: A Case-control Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, we aimed at exploring the association between work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and work organization based on a case-control study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1938 workers who claimed to suffer from WMSDs were selected from Beijing, Henan, Hubei, and the Guangdong province. The control group consisted of 2009 workers employed in similar industries without severe disease or musculoskeletal discomforts. We used a modified version of the questionnaire developed by the NMQ and the DMQ to investigate individual and work-related factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 13 variables (P<0.1) were selected by the chi-square test and finally, 7 variables entered into the equation, with 6 variables reaching statistical significance (P<0.05). The odds ratios (OR) of 'work changing with season' and 'sufficient rest time' did not reach 1 (0.749 and 0.441, respectively). In addition, 'sufficient rest time' seemed to be the stronger protective factor according to its higher standardized coefficient. And 'repetitive work every minute', 'constantly repetitive work' (every day), 'shortage of site personnel', and 'often switching shifts with others' seemed to be the risk factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Work organization may have comprehensive effects on the occurrence of WMSDs. This pattern of associations suggests that further investigation into the mechanism of how work organization affects the prevalence of WMSDs is required.</p>

O lugar ocupado pela assistência fisioterapêutica: representações sociais de trabalhadores com DORT / The place occupied by physical therapy: social representation of workers with WMSDS

INTRODUÇÃO: Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT) articulam-se diretamente à realização de atividades ocupacionais e às condições de trabalho. OBJETIVO: O artigo origina-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que analisou as representações sociais da assistência fisioterapêutica entre trabalhadores portadores de Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT), frequentadores do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST), pelo Departamento de Saúde do Trabalhador (DSAT), Juiz de Fora (MG). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O recurso de apreensão das informações foi a entrevista semiestruturada, realizada com 12 trabalhadoras com idades entre 29 e 55 anos. RESULTADOS: As informações submetidas à análise temática apontaram que a assistência fisioterapêutica recebida repercute em períodos longos de tratamento e na insatisfação dos resultados, por meio de uma prática curativista, segmentada e pouco resolutiva, na qual prevalece a utilização de equipamentos em detrimento das manobras corporais e holísticas. CONCLUSÃO: Diante dos relatos, verificamos a necessidade de uma atenção humanizada, integral e equânime com responsabilização e vínculo, além da valorização dos trabalhadores e usuários, promovendo melhor qualidade de vida. É imprescindível a realização de novos estudos que possibilitem melhor compreensão e aprofundamento teórico e prático da relação entre a atuação do fisioterapeuta e as representações sociais envolvidas.

INTRODUCTION: The work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDS) are articulated directly to occupational activities and working conditions. OBJECTIVE: The article developed from a qualitative study that analyzed the social representation of physical therapy among workers with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDS), users of the Reference Center for Occupational Health (CEREST - Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador), through the Department of Occupational Health (DSAT - Departamento de Saúde do Trabalhador), Juiz de Fora (MG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The resource of capturing the information was the semi-structured interview, conducted with 12 workers aged between 29 and 55 years old. RESULTS: The information submitted to thematic analysis indicate that physical therapy received echoes over long periods of treatment, and dissatisfaction of the results, through a curative practice, targeted and little resolving, in which prevails the use of equipment at the expense of bodily and holistic maneuvers. CONCLUSION: Whereupon the report, we found the need for humanized care, whole and equal with accountability and commitment, in addition to the appreciation of workers and users, promoting better quality of life. It is essential carrying out further studies to enable a better understanding as well as theoretical and practical deepening of the relation between the role of the physiotherapist and the social representation involved.

A utilização da análise ergonômica do trabalho como ferramenta do terapeuta ocupacional no estudo da atividade de trabalho de cabeleireiros / The use of ergonomic job analysis as a tool for the occupational therapist inthe study of the labor activity of hairdressers

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou analisar a atividade de trabalho de cabeleireiros, bem como demonstrar a utilidade do método da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET) como base metodológica para o terapeuta ocupacional atuar em situações de trabalho, a fim de diagnosticar os riscos ergonômicos da situação estudada e desenvolver um caderno de encargos com recomendações de melhoria. O estudo foi realizado em um salão de beleza localizado em Curitiba, PR, no período de março a outubro de 2010. A categoria profissional estudada foi ?cabeleireiro? e a atividade de trabalho analisada foi ?escova?. Observou-se que o trabalho é realizado através da adoção de posturas inadequadas, movimentos repetitivos adicionando-se a ausência de pausas para a recuperação das estruturas musculotendíneas e/ou osteomusculares. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de intervir no ambiente de trabalho, focando-se na sua organização e pôde-se concluir que desvios observados nas atividades de trabalho desenvolvidas nesse setor de serviços refletem-se em consequências para a saúde e bem-estar dos trabalhadores.

This article presents the results of a research that aimed to analyze the labor activity of hairdressers, as well as to demonstrate the usefulness of Ergonomic Job Analysis (EJA) work-study method as a methodologicalbasis for the occupational therapist to act in different job situations. Through this method, the therapist is able to diagnose the ergonomic risks of the situation studied and develop a booklet of duties with improvementrecommendations. The research was carried out in a hair salon located in the municipality of Curitiba, State of Parana, from March to October 2010. ?Hairdressing? was the occupational category chosen and ?hair straightening? was the work activity analyzed. It was possible to observe that the activity is performed with the adoption of inadequate posture, repetitive movements, and lack of pauses to allow the recovery of the musculotendinous and/or osteomuscular structures. The need to intervene in this working environment is noticeable, focusing on its organization. In conclusion, the disorders observed in the work activities developed in the Third Services reflect in consequences to the health and welfare of workers.

Processo saúde-doença: um estudo das representações sociais de trabalhadores com DORT / Health-disease process: a study of social representations of workers with WMSDSs

O artigo origina-se de pesquisa que analisou as representações sociais do processo saúde-doença entre trabalhadores portadores de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT), usuários do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST) de Juiz de Fora, MG. O recurso de apreensão das informações foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas junto a 12 trabalhadoras com idade entre 29 e 55 anos. As informações foram submetidas a análise temática. A partir dos temas de análise, chamados "representação da saúde" e "representação da doença", para essas trabalhadoras, o adoecimento e a incapacidade laboral representam uma lacuna dolorosa e a destruição dos projetos de vida. Os quadros de deterioração das condições de vida e degradação do trabalho, refletidos sobre a saúde das trabalhadoras, nos levam a sustentar que a prevenção dos problemas de saúde que encontraria maior grau de resolução seria o replanejamento da organização do processo de trabalho e da efetiva atuação das políticas públicas de saúde, através de representações simbólicas mais amplas sobre saúde, doença e cura.

This paper was based on a study that examined the social representations of health-illness process among workers with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), users of the Reference Center of Occupational Health (CEREST) in the city of Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 workers, aged between 29 and 55 years. Data were subjected to thematic analysis. The themes of analysis called "representation of health" and "representation of illness" set that, for these workers, illnesses and labor disability represent a painful gap and the destruction of life projects. Tables of deterioration of living conditions and work degradation, reflected on the health of workers, refer us to sustain that the prevention of health problems that would find a higher degree of resolution would be the replanning of work process' organization and effective performance of public health policies, through symbolic representations of broader health, illness and healing.

Da legitimação a (res)significação: o itinerário terapêutico de trabalhadores com LER/DORT / From legitimation to (re-)signification: the therapeutic itinerary of workers with RSIs/WMSDs

No Brasil, as LER/DORT representam um importante problema de saúde pública. Seu modo de adoecimento, a multideterminação de sua origem e a conturbada assistência prestada aos lesionados parecem expor as próprias contradições do modo de produção capitalista. Neste artigo, buscou-se compreender os processos macrossociais identificados nos percursos de cura feito por trabalhadores com LER/DORT, atentando para os processos de negociação e (res)significação operados nessas trajetórias. Entrevistas em profundidade com trabalhadores sob regime de benefício pela previdência social brasileira passaram por "análise temática" sob a luz dos "modelos explanatórios" e da noção de "itinerário terapêutico" para abarcar o domínio socioeconômico e político. Sobressaiu o excesso e a culpabilização, ligados à etiologia; dor, cansaço e estresse iniciando os sintomas e, no curso da doença, somam-se a perícia médica, as reabilitações e o prognóstico tal como (res)significado pelos trabalhadores na tentativa de forjar um "tipo ideal" de trabalhador que, apesar da lesão, se mantém produtivo. Recomenda-se pensar políticas de saúde que sejam também responsivas aos processos mais amplos das organizações e das relações de poder e classe envolvidos na assistência às LER/DORT.

Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs)/Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are a major issue in Brazilian public health. The way such sickness is produced, its multidetermined origin and the troubled care provided to sufferers point to the very contradictions of the capitalist production system. This work aims at understanding the macrosocial processes surfaced in the workers' search for cure of RSIs/WMSDs, paying close attention to the negotiation and (re-)signification processes present in those trajectories. By drawing on "explanatory models" and the concept of "therapeutic itinerary", "thematic analysis" of in-depth interviews with Brazilian workers receiving Social Security compensation was used to approach the socioeconomic and political realms. Culpability and excess were reported in connection with etiology whereas pain, tiredness and stress were shown to be related to symptom initiation. Legal medical assessment, rehabilitation programs and prognosis were all along (re-) signified by the interviewees in an attempt to create an "ideal type" of productive worker despite the injury. It is then urged that public health policies responsive to the wider organization and processes of power and class related to the care of RSIs/WMSDs are devised.

Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Firefighters

Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) arising from repetitive work, awkward working postures and exerted force have the potential to occur in almost every workplace. In 2007, WMSDs took 67.3% of the total occupational diseases compensated as industrial accident. Firefighters in particular, are more exposed to the risks of low back pain because they encounter many cases of excessive exertion in unexpected situations. However, the employer (government) and the employees (firefighters) awareness on WMSDs is rather low when compared to the attention given to the industrial accidents. Firefighters' tasks include lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling and moving heavy objects with fully equipped turn out gear. These assigned tasks require excessive force and often occur in uncomfortable situations. In some cases, tasks are performed in undesirably high or low temperature environments. Some workers such as emergency call operator retain a static position for long working hours. In addition, the boundaries of fire protection tasks in Korea have extended to include emergency management since 1999, exposing firefighters to the greater risks of WMSDs. According to the U.S. National Fire Protection Association report, strain and sprain took more than 40% of injuries occurred during fire ground operation in 2005. In Korea, 2007, it was reported out of 30,630 firefighters, 279 were involved in work-related accident or injury. Even though there was no exact information reported on WMSDs, it must be acknowledged that during performing fire protection tasks, injuries including low back pain, sprain, strain, and more easily occurs. Also when treating the injured fire prevention related workers, its work-relatedness must be considered, because prevention will become a reality only if work-relatedness is fully understood. Therefore, in order to reduce the occurrence of WMSDs in fire protection related workers, risk factors of WMSDs must be continually reviewed and managed, and all workers must be educated on WMSDs prevention.

The Preventive Programs for the Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in a Telephone Directory Assistance Workplace

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of an in-house work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) preventive programs in a telephone directory assistance workplace. METHODS: The subjects (N=177) were divided into four groups (nonparticipants, 41; preventive exercise, 31; self-physical therapy, 40; both, 65) by program participation type. The results of WMSDs program were obtained by questionnaire, which consisted of upper extremities'(neck, shoulder, arm, hand) symptom prevalence, self-rating symptom severity, and before-after symptom change between 1995 and 1998 data and workers'satisfaction by program participation. RESULTS: The prevalence of symptoms related WMSDs was only reduced in neck region of nonparticipants, other groups not in significant. The pain scale (5-likert) of each region was significantly decreased in neck, arm and hand of nonparticipants. In other groups, there was no significant change in the prevalence of WMSDs. The change of visual analogue scale was decreased by 21.7% in self-physical therapy group (p=0.043). The subjects mostly were satisfied with this in-house programs. Above all, preventive exercise and both program groups showed content over 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of before-after symptoms change was not inconsistent, but subjects were showed high satisfaction about the preventive programs. In attempts to improve the WMSDs related symptoms, the best results will be achieved with ongoing in-house preventive programs practice and periodic outcomes assessments.