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Wasp sting is a common emergency in mountainous areas of China, with rapid onset and progression, high mortality rate, and serious harm to public health. Wasp sting can cause mild local reactions in mild cases, and Anaphylaxis or even multiple organ dysfunction in severe cases, of which Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common and serious. Blood purification treatment is commonly used for wasp sting patients to maintain renal function, eliminate toxins, and maintain Internal environment stability. The commonly used clinical methods are Hemoperfusion (HP), plasma exchange (PE), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). At present, there is no clear recommendation for the blood purification treatment mode of wasp sting in China, and there is no clear guidance for its combined treatment mode. This article will review the single and combined use of blood purification treatment models for wasp stings, based on the latest clinical research.
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Resumen Se determinó la riqueza y composición de especies de avispas parasitoides nocturnas de la subfamilia Ophioninae en el departamento de Arequipa. Se evaluaron 16 localidades, a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal que va desde el nivel del mar hasta los 4300 m; en cada localidad se realizaron colectas en los meses de marzo y mayo del 2018. Para la evaluación se emplearon trampas de luz. Se registraron 8 especies y 15 morfoespecies correspondientes a los géneros: Alophophion, Enicospilus, Eremotylus y Ophion. La mayor riqueza de Ophioninae se encontró a 3300 m (S = 8). Los géneros Alophophion y Ophion fueron más abundantes en las localidades sobre los 2000 m, Enicospilus fue más abundante en las localidades que se encontraban por debajo de los 1000 m, y Eremotylus solo se registró en una localidad a los 2300 m.
Abstract The species richness and composition of nocturnal parasitoid wasps Ophioninae subfamily in the Arequipa department was determined. Sixteen localities were evaluated along an altitude gradient that goes from sea level up to 4300 m; in each locality, collections were done in March and May 2018. Light traps were used for the evaluation. A total of 15 morphospecies and 8 species corresponding to the genera: Alophophion, Enicospilus, Eremotylus, and Ophion were registered. The highest richness of Ophioninae was found at 3300 m (S = 8). The genera Alophophion and Ophion were more abundant at medium to high elevations, Enicospilus was more abundant at low altitude localities, and Eremotylus was only recorded in a medium altitude locality.
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Objective:To analyze the risk factors of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by wasp stings.Methods:A prospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 225 patients with wasp stings admitted to Taihe hospital of Shiyan City and Ankang Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018, including 131 males and 94 females, with the age of 49 (41, 60) years. The patients were divided into SIRS group ( n=62) and non-SIRS group ( n=163) according to the SIRS diagnostic criteria. The data were collected including gender, age, sting in the head, sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, sting in the limbs, number of stings, admission time, hospitalization day, and mortality. The plasma levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8 in peripheral blood of the patients were analyzed by ELISA method. The whole genome DNA was extracted from white blood cells, and the IL-6: -174G/C, -572G/C, -597G/A, -634C/G and IL-8: -251A/T, -738T/A, -845T/C, + 396T/G were selected for research. The PCR method was used to perform bidirectional sequencing and comparison after amplification, and record the genotyping and frequency. The risk factors of SIRS caused by wasp stings were investigated by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistics regression analysis. Results:(1) The two groups showed significant differences in sting in the limbs, sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, number of stings, hospitalization day and mortality ( P<0.01), while there were no significant differences in gender, age, sting in the head and admission time ( P>0.05). (2) ELISA test showed the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in SIRS group were higher than those in non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). (3) Three genotypes of CC, GC and GG were observed in IL-6-572G/C. There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles between SIRS group and non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). Three genotypes of AA, AT and TT were observed in IL-8 -251A/T. There were significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles between SIRS group and non-SIRS group ( P<0.01). (4)Univariate analysis showed sting in waist and back, sting in the abdomen, sting in the limbs, number of stings, IL-6-572G allele, IL-8-251T allele were related to SIRS caused by wasp stings ( P<0.01). (5)Multivariate Logistics regression analysis showed limb stings ( OR=2.15), number of stings ≥10 ( OR=11.10), IL-6-572G allele ( OR=3.91) and IL-8-251T allele ( OR=3.97) were significantly related to SIRS caused by wasp stings ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:The plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 are increased in patients with SIRS after wasp stings. The limbs stings, number of stings ≥10, IL-6 -572G and IL-8 -251T are all independent risk factors for SIRS caused by wasp stings.
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Abstract The integration of field work with DNA barcoding is useful to disentangle lepidopteran interactions in nature. Adults of the little-known geometrid moth Cosmophyga cortesi Vargas, 2008 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) were reared from folivorous larvae collected on the native tree Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) at about 260 and 1500 m elevation in the transverse valleys of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. Similarity of two DNA barcodes of C. cortesi was 99.7 and 100% with one sequence of an unidentified geometrid larva previously collected in a cell of the potter wasp Hypodynerus andeus (Packard, 1869) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). This finding represents the first host plant record for C. cortesi, expands its previously documented altitudinal range by more than 1200 m and confirms that its larvae are captured by females of a potter wasp.
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Abstract Eucharitid wasps are exclusive parasitoids of ants and certain groups of eucharitids have specific associations with their hosts. This type of specificity is widely documented in more inclusive groups (subfamilies and/or genus-groups). However, we do not know if this specificity occurs in less inclusive groups (such as species or populations) or if it is more strongly influenced by local and/or regional environmental constraints. We provide a new association record between Pheidole gibba Mayr, 1887 and Orasema chunpi Burks, Heraty & Dominguez, 2018, while expanding their known distribution to the Brazilian state of Bahia.
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ABSTRACT Wasps are a diverse group of insects that possess a sting apparatus associated with a venom gland, which is used for predation and colony defense. The biochemistry of Hymenoptera venom has been evaluated in relation to allergy and immunology, and proteomics has been shown to be a powerful tool for the identification of compounds with pharmacological potential. Data on wasps venom the of genus Apoica are scarce, so the objective of the present work was to identify the venom proteins of the eusocial wasp Apoica pallens, as a first step towards further investigation of applied uses of the venom and its protein constituents. The venom proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 259 spots were detected, with molecular weights from 4.9 to 141 kDa. Thirty of these proteins were identified and classified into eight functional categories: allergen, enzyme, metabolism, structural, environmental response, proteoglycan, active in DNA and RNA, and unknown function. Due to the few available proteomic data for wasp venom, many proteins could not be identified, which makes studies with proteomic analysis of Hymenoptera venom even more important.
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Paper wasps (subfamily Polistinae) are one of the four main groups of eusocial insects in the Neotropics. They are medically important for the frequent stings inflicted on humans, but at the same time are valuable predators of pest insects. Nonetheless, there are no updated keys for the identification of the Central American species. Here we provide keys to the 18 genera and 106 species known to occur in Costa Rica, illustrated with one hundred original line drawings.
Las avispas de la subfamilia Polistinae son uno de los cuatro grupos principales de insectos eusociales en el neotrópico, y son de importancia económica tanto por sus picaduras como por su papel en control biológico. Sin embargo, no existen claves actualizadas para la identificación de las especies de América Central. Aquí se proveen claves ilustradas para los 18 géneros y las 106 especies conocidas de Costa Rica y se incluyen cien dibujos originales.
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ABSTRACT Taxonomic revisionary notes and identification keys are presented for two species-groups of wasps of the genus Mischocyttarus, subgenus Phi. Material of the M. wagneri and M. barbatus groups, including types, was examined in several collections, resulting in description of one new species for the first mentioned group (M. camanducaia sp. nov.), and several new synonymies for both groups as follows (senior synonym in bold): [Mischocyttarus mourei Zikán 1949 = Mischocyttarus laneiZikán 1949 = Mischocyttarus plaumanniZikán 1949]; [Mischocyttarus declaratusZikán 1935 = Mischocyttarus confirmatusZikán 1935 = Mischocyttarus brackmanniZikán 1949 = Mischocyttarus alternatusZikán 1949 = Mischocyttarus cabaunaZikán 1949]; [Mischocyttarus barbatus Richards 1945 = Mischocyttarus ecuadorensisZikán 1949 = Mischocyttarus pedunculariusZikán 1949]. In addition, several cases are demonstrated of changing in group content, with species being moved into and out of groups as required. Both groups are distributed on the highlands of Central and South America, with the M. wagneri group being endemic to southeastern areas of the continent.
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Anaphylaxis usually develop immediately after wasp sting, but may develop even after few days later. Neurological complications after stings are uncommon, although several cases have been reported involving central and/or peripheral nervous system. Although wasp sting-induced encephalitis has been rarely reported, all reported cases showed mental change and severe neurological deterioration. Herein, we report an atypical case who showed biphasic anaphylaxis and delayed-onset cerebellar ataxia following a wasp sting, characterized by mild cerebellar ataxia and excellent response to corticosteroids.
Subject(s)
Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Anaphylaxis , Bites and Stings , Cerebellar Ataxia , Encephalitis , Peripheral Nervous System , WaspsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT The State of Acre, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon, harbors high biodiversity and a high degree of endemisms. Nevertheless, there are few studies on the diversity of social wasps occurring in this region. This study presents a list of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) collected actively with attractive bait in three rainforest fragments in Acre. A total of 758 wasps belonging to 11 genera and 36 species were collected. Nineteen species were new distribution records for Acre and three others were new records for Brazil. Based on our results, further investigations should lead to a significant increase in Polistinae diversity in this region, producing information for biogeographic studies and management of natural areas.
RESUMO O estado do Acre é parte da Amazônia Ocidental brasileira, uma área que abriga uma grande biodiversidade e alto grau de endemismos. Contudo, poucos estudos investigaram a diversidade de vespas sociais nesta região. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma amostragem de vespas sociais (Hymenoptera,Vespidae, Polistinae) em três fragmentos de floresta primária no estado do Acre. As vespas foram coletadas ativamente com o uso de solução atrativa. Um total de 758 vespas, pertencentes a 11 gêneros e 36 espécies, foi amostrado, sendo 19 dessas espécies novos registros de distribuição para o Acre e três novos registros para o Brasil. Nossos resultados indicam que novas investigações devem levar a um aumento significativo da diversidade de espécies de vespas Polistinae conhecida para a região. Nosso estudo produziu subsídios de grande utilidade para estudos biogeográficos e fornece informações importantes para a tomada de decisões sobre o manejo de áreas naturais.
Subject(s)
Information DisseminationABSTRACT
Abstract:It has been assumed that Tetrapus female wasps (Agaonidae s.s.), the pollinators of the figs of the New World, section Pharmacosycea, are mainly characterized by the presence of one mandibular appendange only, and that it is the most ancestral clade of extant Agaonidae s.s., and the males are tetrapodous. The main objective of this work was to study five Tetrapus morphotypes, whose females have two mandibular appendages and the males are hexapodous, their fig host association and phylogenetic position to the family Agaonidae. The question of which group of fig pollinating wasps and associated figs are the sister to the rest of the pollinating agaonids, and figs respectively remain open. I report a group of New World extant Tetrapus morphotypes (Agaonidae: Agaoninae) provisionally assigned to Hexapus subg. nov. in preparation. Currently, Tetrapus appears as the sister taxon to all other fig pollinating taxa. Howeveer, morphologically, ecologically, geographically and historically Hexapus seems to be the ancestral clade of the extant Agaoninae. Hexapus morphotypes develop in fig species of subsection Petenenses (section Pharmacosycea). In the known extant Tetrapus, the females have one mandibular appendage and the males have reduced one or two short-lobe atrophied non-functional midlegs (tetrapodous). Hexapus females have two free mandibular appendages, and the males have five segmented functional mid-legs (hexapodous). Molecularly Hexapus seems to be the ancestral clade of extant Agaoninae; e.g., a Tetrapus sp. of Ficus crassivenosa was placed by other author as the ancestral clade of 101 wasp species, representing 19 worldwide Agaoninae genera, including four Tetrapus species. In Tetrapus sp. of Ficus crassivenosa, the female has two mandibular appendages and the male is hexapodous. The females of T. apopnus and T. delclosi, preserved in Early to mid-Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic, also have two mandibular appendages and the general morphology of extant Hexapus. I suggest that Hexapus stands up as a living fossil and the sister clade of Tetrapus s.s. The presence of extant Hexapus; as well as extant Tetrapus and their fig host species, especially in South America supports a Southern Gondwanaland origin for both of them, but not a trans-Pacific migrating connection with tropical America for section Pharmacosycea (the host of Tetrapus and Hexapus), a long oceanic dispersal, high levels of stem extinction of Tetrapus or Atlantic land connections, as proposed by other authors. However, lastly it has been assumed that figs and their pollinators arose simultaneously in Eurasia during early Tertiary and spread southwards from it. Most of the morphological and molecular studies of the fig biology of Agaoninae and Ficus, did not include Hexapus morphotypes and their fig hosts, and assumed that Tetrapus is the most ancestral clade of the extant fig pollinating wasps. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (4): 1721-1735. Epub 2016 December 01.
Resumen:Se ha asumido que las hembras de las avispas Tetrapus (Agaonidae s.s.), las polinizadoras de los higos de la sección Pharmacosycea del Nuevo Mundo, se caracterizan principalmente por la presencia de un solo apéndice mandibular, que es el clado más ancestral de los Agaonidae s.s. existentes y los machos son tetrápodos. El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar algunos morfotipos de avispas Tetrapus, cuyas hembras poseen dos apéndices mandibulares y los machos tres pares de patas funcionales (hexápodos); su asociación con sus higos hospederos y la posición filogenética en la familia Agaonidae. Cuestiono cuál grupo de avispas polinizadoras de los higos, constituye el grupo hermano de otras avispas polinizadoras de los higos (Agaonidae). Informo sobre un grupo de avispas (Tetrapus: Agaoninae) existentes, provisionalmente asignado a Hexapus subg. nov. en preparación. Morfológica, ecológica, geográfica e históricamente, Hexapus parece ser el clado ancestral de los polinizadores de higos Agaoninae existentes. Los morfotipos de Hexapus se desarrollan en especies de higos de la subsección Petenenses (sección Pharmacosycea). Las hembras de Tetrapus existentes tienen únicamente un apéndice mandibular y los machos tienen uno o dos lóbulos cortos, en lugar de las patas medias y por lo tanto no son funcionales (tetrápodos). Las hembras de Hexapus tienen dos apéndices mandibulares libres y los machos tienen patas medias funcionales con cinco segmentos (hexápodos). Molecularmente, Hexapus parece ser el clado ancestral de los Agaoninae existentes; por ejemplo, una especie de Tetrapus de Ficus crassivenosa fue colocado por otros autores como el clado ancestral de 101 especies de avispas que representan 19 géneros de Agaoninae mundiales, incluidas cuatro especies de Tetrapus. En Tetrapus sp. de Ficus crassivenosa, la hembra tiene dos apéndices mandibulares y el macho es hexápodo. Las hembras de T. apopnus y T. delclosi, descritas del Mioceno Temprano (Burdigaliense), conservadas en ámbar de la República Dominicana, también tienen dos apéndices mandibulares y la morfología general de Hexapus existente. El autor sugiere que Hexapus representa un fósil viviente y es un clado hermano de Tetrapus s.s. La presencia de Hexapus y Tetrapus actuales, y sus higos hospederos, especialmente en Suramérica, sugieren que tienen un origen en la Gondwana meridional del Cretácico. La presencia de Hexapus y Tetrapus en el Nuevo Mundo, no parece apoyar una conexión migratoria a través del Pacífico con América tropical, para los higos de la sección Pharmacosycea (los hospederos de Tetrapus y Hexapus), una amplia dispersión transoceánica, altos niveles de extinción básica de Tetrapus y conexiones terrestres a través del Atlántico, propuesto por otros autores. Sin embargo, últimamente se ha aceptado que los higos y sus polinizadores se originaron simultáneamente en Eurasia, durante el Terciario Primario y se diseminaron hacia el sur. La mayoría de estudios morfológicos y moleculares de biólogos de los Agaoninae y Ficus, no incluyeron morfotipos de Hexapus, o sus especies hospederas de Ficus y aceptadaron que Tetrapus es el clado más ancestral de las avispas polinizadoras de los higos existentes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Wasps/anatomy & histology , Ficus/physiology , Pollination/physiology , Phylogeny , Pollen/anatomy & histology , Species Specificity , Sex Factors , Mandible/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
ABSTRACT A new species, Stenosigma quechua Hermes & Ferreira sp. nov., is described from specimens previously included in the type series of Stenosigma humerale Giordani Soika, 1990. Details on the differences between the two species as well as comments of taxonomic implications are presented.
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Zethus (Zethusculus) paschoali, a new species from Piraquara, Paraná, Brazil, is described and pictures comparing it to similar species are presented.
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Five new associations of parasitoids in potter wasps (Vespidae, Eumeninae). New associations of host and parasitoids involving potter wasps: Toxophora leucon and Pleurochrysis sp. were found parasitizing Cyphomenes anisitsii, Chrysis sp. (gr. intricans) was found parasitizing Minixi suffusum, Plega beardi was found parasitizing Montezumia pelagica sepulchralis and Macrosiagon sp. was found parasitizing Pachodynerus nasidens.
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Four species of the parasitoid wasp genus Anomalon Panzer are recorded for the first time in Peru - Anomalon cotoi Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997, Anomalon duniae Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997, Anomalon fuscipes (Cameron, 1886), and Anomalon sinuatum (Morley, 1912).
Se registra por primera vez para Perú a cuatro especies de Anomalon - Anomalon cotoi Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997, Anomalon duniae Gauld & Bradshaw, 1997, Anomalon fuscipes (Cameron, 1886) and Anomalon sinuatum (Morley, 1912).
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Scoliid and Voria Tachinidae parasitoid wasps are shown to be able to control the population of the Taro Scarab beetle (Papuanauninodis, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae using a newly created continuous-time simulation model based on non-linear ordinary differential equations that track the populations of the beetle’s life cycle stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult and the populations of the two parasitoid wasps. Due to the fact that the scarab beetles are, relatively speaking, long lived it is challenging to drive down the adult population below the environmental carrying capacity. Mortality and predator/prey capture rates are modelled using the Weibull and Pascal probability distribution functions, respectively. We suggest the use of a virus or fungi to drive down the population of the adult beetles, the ambition being to avoid the use of pesticides so as to produce higher quality food that doesn’t damage human health via chemical residues.
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In the last years, stings of Sclerodermus species in humans have been sporadically reported in Italy. In order to draw attention to these bethylid wasps of medical importance, we report the case of documented Sclerodermus sp. stings on the dorsum, abdomen, arms, and thighs of a 40-year-old man and his wife. The sting sites developed raised red itchy rash. The source of environmental contamination was identified in a worm-eaten sofa purchased from a used furniture dealer and placed in the living room about a month and half earlier. The lesions on the man and his wife rapidly healed within 3 to 4 days once they left the house and treatment for the lesions was instituted. Physicians, dermatologists, medical and public health entomologists, as well as specific categories of workers should be aware of the risk of exposure to Sclerodermus stings.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dermatology/methods , Scleroderma, Localized , Bites and Stings , Environmental Pollution/analysis , Poisons/adverse effects , Wasps/classificationABSTRACT
In the last years, stings of Sclerodermus species in humans have been sporadically reported in Italy. In order to draw attention to these bethylid wasps of medical importance, we report the case of documented Sclerodermus sp. stings on the dorsum, abdomen, arms, and thighs of a 40-year-old man and his wife. The sting sites developed raised red itchy rash. The source of environmental contamination was identified in a worm-eaten sofa purchased from a used furniture dealer and placed in the living room about a month and half earlier. The lesions on the man and his wife rapidly healed within 3 to 4 days once they left the house and treatment for the lesions was instituted. Physicians, dermatologists, medical and public health entomologists, as well as specific categories of workers should be aware of the risk of exposure to Sclerodermus stings.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bites and Stings , Environmental Pollution/analysis , Dermatology/methods , Scleroderma, Localized , Poisons/adverse effects , Wasps/classificationABSTRACT
Neste trabalho realizamos um inventário da fauna de vespas predadoras (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena (PNSB), municípios de Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim e Porto Murtinho, em 42 dias descontínuos de amostragens entre fevereiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2008. Sete expedições de campo foram realizadas em áreas de Floresta Estacional Decidual e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual. As técnicas empregadas foram: coletas ativas com rede entomológica, armadilha de Malaise, bandejas amarelas (armadilha de Möericke) e coleta manual. Trezentos e sessenta e um indivíduos de Vespoidea foram capturados, representados por 107 espécies, em 59 gêneros, distribuídos nas seguintes famílias: Vespidae, Pompilidae, Mutillidae, Tiphiidae e Scoliidae. Vespidae foi o grupo mais freqüente. Pompilidae foi bem representado por um amplo conjunto de métodos de coleta, entretanto a maioria dos gêneros foi amostrada por uma técnica exclusiva. Scoliidae foi representado apenas por três indivíduos. As espécies Polybia (gr. occidentalis) e Agelaia multipicta (Vespidae) foram as mais abundantes dentre todas as vespas aculeadas amostradas. Sessenta e uma espécies capturadas estão representadas por apenas um único indivíduo (singletons). Estes dados acrescentam novos registros de distribuição de espécies de vespas para a região Centro-Oeste do Brasil de interesse biogeográfico.
This work aims at performing the inventory of predator wasps' fauna (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) from Serra da Bodoquena National Park, Brazil, municipalities of Bodoquena, Bonito, Jardim and Porto Murtinho; with a discontinuous period of 42 days of collecting, between February/2007 to December/2008. Seven expeditions were undertaken in the field in areas of deciduous and semi deciduous seasonal forest. The techniques employed in faunal inventory were: active collection with entomological net, Malaise traps, Möericke traps and hand collecting. Three-hundred sixty one specimens in Vespoidea group were captured, represented by 107 species in 59 genera, distributed in the following families: Vespidae, Pompilidae, Mutillidae, Tiphiidae and Scoliidae. Vespidae were the most frequently sampled group. Pompilidae presented a wider range of records in relation to collection methods; however most genera are sampled by an exclusive technique. Scoliidae was only represented by tree individuals. Polybia (gr. occidentalis) and Agelaia multipicta (Vespidae) were the most abundant between all the Aculeata wasps sampled. Sixty one species was sampled with only one individual (singletons). This data input new records of distribution of wasp's species to Central Western Brazil with biogeographical interest.
ABSTRACT
Vespidae sociais utilizam principalmente material vegetal para a elaboração de seus ninhos. Embora existam alguns estudos referentes à fauna de vespas na região Amazônica, nenhum trabalho trata exclusivamente dos ninhos. Além disso, nas coleções biológicas poucos são os ninhos tombados, devido principalmente à fragilidade e difícil conservação dos mesmos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o conhecimento de alguns ninhos encontrados na Reserva Ducke, apresentando informações a respeito dos mesmos e uma chave de identificação dos gêneros. Os ninhos foram coletados através da busca direta, percorrendo os transectos da grade do Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade; locais como margens de igarapés, bordas de acampamentos e construções na sede da reserva também foram explorados. Para todos os ninhos obteve-se o registro fotográfico e a localização exata por GPS. Foram registrados 39 ninhos de vespas sociais alocados em 17 espécies de Polistinae: Agelaia constructor, A. pallipes, Angiopolybia pallens, Apoica pallens, Metapolybia unilineata, Mischocyttarus lecointei, M. saturatus, Polybia bistriata, P. dimidiata, P. jurinei, P. liliacea, P. occidentalis, P. procellosa, P. rejecta, Protopolybia bituberculata, P. chartergoides e Synoeca virginea. Cinco ninhos desabitados de Mischocyttarus, Polybia e Polistes também foram coletados.
Nests of social wasps are composed mainly out of plant material. Although there are some studies about the social wasp fauna in the Amazon region, there is no work exclusively about these wasps' nests. Also, there are few catalogued nests in biological collections, because of their fragility and difficult conservation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinds of nests found at "Reserva Ducke", compiling information about them and developing a key to identify the nests of each genera. The nests were actively collected in tracks of the "Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade" plot; areas such as "igarapés" margins, base camp's surroundings and buildings at the reserve headquarters were also explored. All the nests were photographed and their precise location was obtained by GPS. Thirty-nine wasp's nests from 17 species of Polistinae were recorded: Agelaia constructor, A. pallipes, Angiopolybia pallens, Apoica pallens, Metapolybia unilineata, Mischocyttarus lecointei, M. saturatus, Polybia bistriata, P. dimidiata, P. jurinei, P. liliacea, P. occidentalis, P. procellosa, P. rejecta, Protopolybia bituberculata, P. chartergoides and Synoeca virginea. Five uninhabited nests of Mischocyttarus, Polybia and Polistes were collected.