ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To study the difference in cognitive impairment between the children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECT) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and those with BECT or ADHD alone.@*METHODS@#A prospective study was performed on 80 children with BECT and ADHD, 91 children with BECT, and 70 children with ADHD , who were diagnosed with the diseases for the first time. Seventy children of the same age who underwent physical examination were enrolled as the healthy control group. Event-related potential P300, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test were used to measure and compare each index between groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the healthy control group, the BECT+ADHD group, the BECT group, and the ADHD group had a significantly prolonged P300 latency, a significant reduction in the amplitude of P300, and significant reductions in the scores of verbal comprehension index (VCI), perceptual reasoning index (PRI), working memory index (WMI), processing speed index (PSI), full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), auditory response control quotient (ARCQ), visual response control quotient, full response control quotient (FRCQ), auditory attention quotient (AAQ), visual attention quotient, and full attention quotient (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with the children with BECT or ADHD alone, the children with both BECT and ADHD have basically the same fields of cognitive impairment but a higher degree of cognitive impairment in some fields.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Epilepsy , Prospective Studies , Wechsler ScalesABSTRACT
Este estudo objetivou traçar o perfil cognitivo de crianças com dislexia e de crianças com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH), com idades entre 6 a 8 anos. A Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças (WISC-IV) possibilitou, por meio dos resultados de seus índices e subtestes, análises comparativas do desempenho dos grupos clínicos. O grupo de crianças com dislexia apresentou seu melhor desempenho em Compreensão Verbal e Organização Perceptual, enquanto sua maior dificuldade se deu no Índice de Memória Operacional. O melhor desempenho das crianças com TDAH revelou-se no Índice de Organização Perceptual, enquanto Velocidade de Processamento representou sua maior dificuldade. Conhecer as potencialidades e dificuldades específicas das crianças nos diagnósticos associados a dificuldades de aprendizagem pode contribuir para intervenções adequadas para garantir o acesso à Educação inclusiva e de qualidade.
The present study examined the cognitive profile of children with dyslexia and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), aged from 7 to 9 years. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) enabled comparisons of clinical groups performance in its various indexes and subtests. The group with dyslexia performed best in Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Reasoning, while their greatest difficulty was in the Working Memory Index. The best performance of children with ADHD was observed in the Perceptual Organization Index, while the Processing Speed represented their greatest difficulty. Understanding children's potentials and difficulties in cases of learning difficulties contributes to adequate interventions to ensure access to inclusive quality education.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a sensibilidade do Índice de Memória Operacional (IMO) da Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças 4ª Edição, na identificação de dificuldades em crianças e adolescentes com o diagnóstico de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). Participaram 40 sujeitos, entre 06 e 16 anos, com diagnóstico neurológico prévio de TDAH. Foi utilizada a Escala de Atenção de Swanson, Nolan e Pelham 4ª Edição (SNAP IV) para pais/responsáveis e os subtestes do WISC-IV que formam o Índice de Memória Operacional (Dígitos, Aritmética e Sequência de Números e Letras). Entre os resultados, identificou-se IMO rebaixado quando comparado com o escore esperado para a população geral e, em Dígitos, observou-se o menor desempenho do grupo. Concluiu-se que o Índice de Memória Operacional é adequado para diagnosticar e avaliar déficits de atenção e de memória em crianças e adolescentes com TDAH. (AU)
The objective of the present study was to analyze the sensitivity of the "Operational Memory Index" (OMI) of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- 4th Edition in the identification of difficulties in children and adolescents with the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Participants included forty subjects, between 06 and 16 years old, with a previous neurological diagnosis of ADHD. We used the Swanson Attention Scale, Nolan and Pelham - 4th Edition (SNAP-IV) Parent Rating Scale for parents/guardians and the WISC-IV subtests that form the Operational Memory Index (Digits, Arithmetic and Sequence of Numbers and Letters). Among the results, IMO was lower when compared to the expected score for the general population and in Digits there was a lower performance by the group. It was concluded that the Operational Memory Index is adequate to diagnose and evaluate attention and memory deficits in children and adolescents with ADHD. (AU)
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la sensibilidad del "Índice de Memoria Operativa" (IMO) de la Escala Wechsler de Inteligencia para Niños - 4ª Edición en la identificación de dificultades en niños y adolescentes con el diagnóstico de Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). Participaron 40 sujetos, entre 06 y 16 años, con diagnóstico neurológico previo de TDAH. Se utilizó la Escala de Atención de Swanson, Nolan y Pelham - 4ª Edición (SNAP-IV) para padres / responsables y los sub-test del WISC-IV que forman el Índice de Memoria Operativa (Dígitos, Aritmética y Secuencia de Números y Letras). Entre los resultados, se identificó el IMO, rebajado al ser comparado con el resultado esperado para la población general, y en Dígitos se observó el menor desempeño del grupo. Se concluyó que el Índice de Memoria Operativa es adecuado para diagnosticar y evaluar déficit de atención y de memoria en niños y adolescentes con TDAH. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Wechsler Scales , Memory, Short-TermABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between the wave form in quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and the cognitive and behavioral characteristics measured by the Korean version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition (K-WISC-IV), Korean version of the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Rating Scale (K-ARS), and Korean version of Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) in children diagnosed with ADHD. METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on children aged 8 to 13 years, who were diagnosed with ADHD at Samsung Medical Center from November 2011 to March 2017. A total of 57 ADHD children were selected by a medical chart review. Their QEEG findings and psychological test results, including K-WISC-IV, K-CBCL, and K-ARS (n=42), were collected. The QEEG was analyzed by the ranges of Hz: delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), and beta (12–25 Hz) and transformed to the z-scored relative power. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson and Partial correlation analysis. RESULTS: The Letter-Number Sequencing scores of K-WISC was positively correlated with fronto-central alpha. The hyperactivity/impulsivity scores of K-ARS were positively correlated with the theta/beta ratio. Among the items of K-CBCL, social immaturity was positively correlated with delta and theta, and negatively correlated with alpha. Social competence was negatively correlated delta and theta, and positively correlated with alpha. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the resting state QEEG results of children with ADHD may reflect their cognitive and behavioral characteristics, especially in working memory/executive function, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and sociality.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Checklist , Child Behavior , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electroencephalography , Intelligence , Methods , Psychological Tests , Retrospective Studies , Social SkillsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the cognitive condition in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children IV (WISC-IV) was administered for 127 DMD patients aged 6~14 years from April, 2013 to December, 2015. The verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) and full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) scores were analyzed. Results The FSIQ, VIQ and PIQ were (93.2±18.6), (91.5±18.9), and (96.6±19.5), respectively, which were lower than 100 in normal population (P<0.001), and higher than that of patients abroad in the previous studies (P<0.001). There were 13 patients (10.24%) whose scores of FSIQ were less than 70. The VIQ-PIQ discrepancy score was (-5.0 ± 16.6). Conclusion About 1/10 of Chinese DMD pa-tients impaire in cognitive function, which is significantly lower than that abroad. VIQ is more affected than PIQ.
ABSTRACT
A Síndrome de Williams (SW) é uma doença de etiologia genética, causada por microdeleções na região do cromossomo 7q11.23. Pacientes com SW podem apresentar QI verbal significativamente superior ao executivo, o que explicaria o déficit recorrente nas habilidades visoespaciais e a preservação de aspectos das habilidades verbais. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil cognitivo de uma série de casos de pacientes com SW, utilizando a Escala Wechsler de Inteligência. A amostra foi composta por dez pacientes. Os resultados apontam para um padrão de desempenho semelhante entre os participantes na escala verbal, porém o QI de execução teve maior correlação com o QI total. Foi observada uma discrepância entre habilidades verbais e não verbais em 40% dos participantes.
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a disease of genetic etiology caused by micro-deletions at the 7q11.23 region. WS's patients may present verbal IQ significantly higher than the performance one, which could explain the recurrent deficit in visuospatial abilities and the preservation of some verbal skills. The study aimed at analyzing the cognitive profile of a case series including WS patients, using Wechsler's Intelligence Scale. The sample was composed of ten patients. The results showed a similar pattern of performance among participants in the verbal scale; however, the performance IQ was more associated with total IQ. We observed a discrepancy between verbal and nonverbal abilities in 40% of the participants.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Intelligence , Wechsler Scales , Williams SyndromeABSTRACT
Objective To compare frequency of sleep disorders (SD) and executive dysfunction (ED) in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a control group. Method We studied 156 children with ADHD with a mean age of 8.5 years, and a control group with 111 children with a mean age of 8.3 years. We utilized the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) to screen SD and the working memory measurement from the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC-IV) to screen ED. Results We did not observe an increased frequency of SD in children with ADHD compared with the controls. However, we did identify ED in children with ADHD; additionally a significant correlation was observed between the type of ADHD and SD and among ED, WISC-IV measurements, and type of SD in children with ADHD. Conclusion An increase of SD frequency in children with ADHD was not observed, but we did identify ED in children with ADHD. Additionally, a correlation among ADHD types, SD, ED, and WISC-IV measurements was observed in children with ADHD. .
Objetivo Comparar la frecuencia de trastornos del sueño (TS) y disfunción ejecutiva (DE) en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención-hiperactividad (TDA-H) y un grupo control. Método Estudiamos 156 niños con TDA-H con una media de 8,5 años. El grupo control incluyó 111 niños con una media de 8,3 años. Utilizamos la versión traducida del Cuestionario pediátrico del sueño (CPS) para tamizar TS. Para estudiar la DE, usamos la medición de la memoria de trabajo de la escala de inteligencia de Wechsler para niños-IV (WISC-IV). Resultados No encontramos una mayor frecuencia de TS en niños con TDA-H. Sin embargo, encontramos DE y correlaciones entre los diferentes tipos de TDA-H, y entre los TS, DE y de mediciones del WISC-IV. Conclusión No hallamos un incremento en la frecuencia de TS en niños con TDA-H. Encontramos evidencia de DE y correlaciones entre el tipo de TDA-H, TS, DE y medidas del WISC-IV. .
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Executive Function/physiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology , Analysis of Variance , Case-Control Studies , Memory, Short-Term , Neuropsychological Tests , Reference Values , Surveys and Questionnaires , Wechsler ScalesABSTRACT
Numerosos estudios han intentado demostrar que la duración de la lactancia materna se relaciona con un mejor desarrollo cognitivo en la edad escolar. En el presente estudio se evalúa el potencial efecto beneficioso a largo plazo de la alimentación con leche materna durante los primeros meses de vida, mejorando el desarrollo cognitivo y aquellas funciones relacionadas con la Comprensión Verbal, Razonamiento Perceptivo, Memoria de Trabajo y Velocidad de Procesamiento. Un total de 103 niños, escolarizados en primer curso de Educación Primaria, 6 años de edad, (47 niños y 56 niñas), en diferentes colegios de la provincia de Granada, en áreas urbanas, semiurbanas y rurales. Se evaluó la capacidad cognitiva global y algunos dominios específicos de inteligencia a través de la escala de inteligencia Wechsler para niños -IV. Los resultados demuestran una asociación estadísticamente significativa, entre las mejores puntuaciones en el cociente intelectual (CI) y en los cuatro índices medidos mediante el test WISC-IV, con una mayor duración de la lactancia. Resulta altamente significativas (p=0,000) la asociación entre las mejores puntuaciones en el test y 6 meses de lactancia, lo que valida nuestra hipótesis. Como medio de prevención de diferentes déficit intelectuales se debe reforzar el consejo de lactancia materna exclusiva durante al menos los 6 primeros meses de vida.
Some scientific evidence support that a better cognitive development during the school age is related with breastfeeding. In this study, the potential benefit of breastfeeding duration is evaluated, related to Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory and Processing Speed. A total of 103 children, first year of Primary School, six-year-old, (47 boys and 56 girls), were included from different schools in the province of Granada (Spain) at urban, semi-urban and rural areas. The global cognitive capability, as well as some specific intelligence domains which permit a more precise and deeper analysis of the cognitive processes, was evaluated through the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - version IV. The results prove an association, statistically signnificative, between the best values of IQ and the other four WISC-IV indexes and a longer breastfeeding. There is a highly significant (p=0,000) association between the best scores and those children who were breastfed during 6 months, which validates our hypothesis. The advice of breastfeeding during at least the first six months of life should be reinforced to reduce learning difficulties.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Breast Feeding , Child Development/physiology , Cognition/physiology , Wechsler Scales , Cross-Sectional Studies , Spain , Time FactorsABSTRACT
O presente artigo teve como objetivo comparar os resultados do desempenho cognitivo de crianças e jovens diagnosticados com os diferentes subtipos do Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) na Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Crianças (WISC-III). Foram analisados dados dos registros de 24 prontuários de crianças e jovens entre 06 e 14 anos, ambos os gêneros, cursando ensino fundamental, que foram diagnosticados com TDAH subtipos desatento e combinado. Os resultados apontaram que o desempenho obtido pelo grupo subtipo combinado foi melhor em relação ao grupo subtipo predominantemente desatento em todos os QIs e índices fatoriais avaliados, embora com diferença significativa apenas em relação ao QI Verbal, QI Total, Índice de Compreensão Verbal e Índice de Resistência a Distração. Tais resultados sugerem que crianças/jovens com TDAH subtipo combinado apresentam melhores resultados no WISC III em relação ao subtipo desatento
This article aims to analyze and describe the results of cognitive performance of children and young people diagnosed with different subtypes of Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity (ADHD) in Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III). We analyzed data from 24 records of children and young people between 06 and 14 years, both sexes, attending elementary school, who were diagnosed with ADHD. The results showed that the performance of the combined subtype group was better than combined subtype group in all IQs and factor indexes evaluated, albeit with significant differences only in relation to verbal IQ, total IQ, verbal comprehension Index and Resistance to Distraction Index
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Wechsler ScalesABSTRACT
@#Objective To constitute the short form of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Methods After selecting 6 subtests by regression, this study was based on the development of the Chinese Version of the 6 Subtests Short Form of WISC-Ⅳ based on the data derived from the norm sample via the norm method and equation procedure. Results and Conclusion The best structure of the 6 subtests short form of WISC-Ⅳ consists of 6 subtests: similarities, comprehension, block design, matrix reasoning, digit span and coding, in which the reliability and validity were excellent. The results of division for children of intellectual disabilities is close to that of the full Chinese Version of WISC-Ⅳ.