Effects of closed and open kinetic chain exercises on pain, muscle strength, function, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic exercises are well documented for the treatment of osteoarthritis; there is less evidence on what the effect of closed kinetic chain exercises is for knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises on pain, muscle strength, functional status, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: The study included a total of 60 patients with primary unilateral knee osteoarthritis grade I and II. The patients were categorized into three groups as open kinetic chain exercises (n=20), closed kinetic chain exercises (n=20), and control group (n=20). The outcome measures, including pain, isokinetic muscle strength, functional status, and quality of life, were collected at baseline and at the end of 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises had significant improvement in pain, muscle strength, WOMAC, and SF-36 scores after the treatment and at their 6th and 12th week follow-ups compared to their baseline values and compared to the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The changes in all outcome measures were similar between closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises (p>0.05). Closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises were similar for knee osteoarthritis grade I and II. Closed kinetic chain exercises could be safely added to the exercise programs of patients with low-grade knee osteoarthritis.

Effect of weight training on lower limb strength in soccer players / Efeito da musculação sobre a força nos membros inferiores dos jogadores de futebol / Efecto de la musculación en la fuerza de los miembros inferiores de los jugadores de fútbol

ABSTRACT Introduction: There are many methods for lower limb explosive strength training in soccer athletes, and the most common is strength gain training by load increase. There is still no consensus on whether this type of training can influence jumping performance in soccer athletes. Objective: To explore the influence of muscle gain by added weight on jumping performance and lower limb muscle strength in soccer athletes. Methods: 60 participants were equally divided between high, low, and control training groups. The load was implemented with a weight vest for eight weeks. The training frequency was 40 to 60 minutes three times a week, and the training protocols and schedules of the two groups were the same, while the control group was not involved in any sports training. Results: The isokinetic muscle strength test of the left knee extensor before and after eight weeks of training showed no significant interaction between maximum torque and time to reach maximum torque at 60°/s and 180°/s (P > 0.05). After the jump test, a significant difference appears in the main effects on time factors between group A and group B. Conclusion: Strength training by load addition is an effective training method to improve the sport's ability in the lower limbs of soccer athletes. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

RESUMO Introdução: Existem muitos métodos para o treinamento de força explosiva do membro inferior nos atletas de futebol e o mais comum é o treinamento de ganho de força por aumento de carga. Ainda não há um consenso se esse tipo de treino pode influenciar no desempenho do salto nos atletas de futebol. Objetivo: Explorar a influência do ganho muscular por adição de peso no desempenho de salto e a força muscular nos membros inferiores dos atletas de futebol. Métodos: 60 participantes foram igualmente divididos entre grupos de treinamento de alta carga, baixa carga e grupo controle. A carga foi implementada com um colete de peso por 8 semanas. A frequência de treinamento foi de 40 a 60 minutos três vezes por semana e os protocolos de treinamento e horários dos dois grupos eram os mesmos, enquanto o grupo de controle não estava envolvido em nenhum treinamento esportivo. Resultados: Os resultados do teste isocinético de força muscular do extensor do joelho esquerdo antes e depois de 8 semanas de treinamento mostraram que não houve interação significativa entre o torque máximo e o tempo para atingir o torque máximo a 60°/s e 180°/s (P > 0,05). Após o teste de salto, verificou-se que houve diferença significativa nos principais efeitos dos fatores de tempo entre o grupo A e o grupo B. Conclusão: O treinamento de reforço por adição de carga é um método eficaz de treinamento para melhorar a capacidade esportiva nos membros inferiores dos atletas de futebol. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

RESUMEN Introducción: Existen muchos métodos para el entrenamiento de la fuerza explosiva del miembro inferior en los deportistas de fútbol y el más común es el entrenamiento de la fuerza por aumento de carga. Todavía no hay consenso sobre si este tipo de entrenamiento puede influir en el rendimiento de salto en los atletas de fútbol. Objetivo: Explorar la influencia de la ganancia muscular por peso añadido en el rendimiento de salto y la fuerza muscular de las extremidades inferiores en atletas de fútbol. Métodos: 60 participantes se dividieron por igual entre los grupos de entrenamiento de alta carga, baja carga y control. La carga se implementó con un chaleco de peso durante 8 semanas. La frecuencia de entrenamiento fue de 40-60 minutos tres veces por semana y los protocolos y horarios de entrenamiento de los dos grupos fueron los mismos, mientras que el grupo de control no realizó ningún entrenamiento deportivo. Resultados: Los resultados de la prueba de fuerza muscular isocinética del extensor de la rodilla izquierda antes y después de 8 semanas de entrenamiento mostraron que no había una interacción significativa entre el par máximo y el tiempo para alcanzar el par máximo a 60°/s y 180°/s (P > 0,05). Tras la prueba de salto, se comprobó que había una diferencia significativa en los efectos principales de los factores temporales entre el grupo A y el grupo B. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de fuerza por adición de carga es un método de entrenamiento eficaz para mejorar la capacidad deportiva en los miembros inferiores de los atletas de fútbol. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

The influence of early weight bearing exercise on postoperative function and fracture healing of unstable ankle fracture patients / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To compare the influence of early weight bearing exercise and plaster fixed method on postoperative function and fracture healing of unstable ankle fracture patients.Methods 50 cases of unstable ankle fracture patients who did surgical treatment in our hospital were selected as the research object,and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group.The observation group was applied with early postoperative weight bearing exercise,while the control group patients was applied with postoperative plaster fix with 2 weeks.The postoperative function and fracture healing situation of both groups were compared.Results At postoperative 24 hours and 1 week,the perimeter difference of two groups were not statistically different (P＞0.05).At postoperative 6 weeks,the perimeter difference was (0.53 ±0.31) cm in the observation group and (1.25±0.47)cm in the control group,the comparative differences was statistical significance (t=6.39,P＜0.05).The total effective rate of alleviate swelling in the observation group at postoperative 6 weeks was 96.0％,which was higher than that of the control group (76.0％) with statistical difference (x2=4.15,P＜0.05).At postoperative 24 hours,postoperative 1 week and postoperative 6 weeks,the pain index comparison difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The Baird-Jackson score of the observation group at postoperative 3 months was not different with the control group with statistically significant (P＞0.05) ; At the postoperative 6 months,the Baird-Jackson score of the observation group was (95.21 ± 8.25),which was higher than that in the control group (82.52±6.96) with statistical difference (t=5.88,P＜0.05).Conclusion The early weight bearing exercise can promote haemal circumfluence,relieve swelling,and be helpful for function recovery and fracture healing of unstable ankle fracture patients.

Effect on the Bone Mineral Density According to Weight-bearing Exercise in Children with Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Preliminary Study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of weight-bearing exercise on the bone mineral density (BMD) in children with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: A heterogeneous group of 18 prepubertal children with CP (age, 8.9+/-2.9 years; GMFCS level, IV and V) participated. Patients underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and proximal femur, and the Z scores were calculated by using data obtained from the control group who were normal children (age, 8.8+/-2.9 years). We divided the patients into 2 groups: group A standing for 2 hours a day, 5 days a week; group B standing for 30 minutes a day, 1 or 2 days a week. We measured BMD after 1 year and compared it to baseline measurements. RESULTS: BMD was significantly higher on L2-L4 vertebrae, femoral neck and trochanter area after exercise in group A (p0.05). BMD according to static weight-bearing exercise for 1 year were significantly different between groups A and B on the L1, L4 vertebrae, femoral neck and trochanter area (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that weight-bearing exercise may be an important part of a rehabilitation protocol to maintain and improve BMD in children with spastic quadriplegic CP.