Relationship between the endoscopic withdrawal time at different colonic segments and the quality of colonoscopy / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To explore the reasonable withdrawal time at different colonic segments.Methods:It was a prospective observational study involving 465 patients who underwent colonoscopy from November 2019 to November 2020 at our endoscopy center. Colonoscopy records in our center from July 2017 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed as a validation set.Results:The cut-off values of withdrawal time at ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon and rectum determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were 77 s, 61 s, 56 s, and 109 s, respectively. At the ascending colon, the adenoma detection rate (ADR) was significantly higher (17.3% VS 2.8%, P<0.001) when the colonoscopy withdrawal time was ≥77 s. When the withdrawal time was ≥61 s at the transverse colon (6.9% VS 2.8%, P=0.036), that over 59 s at the descending colon (6.3% VS 1.7%, P=0.019), and that ≥109 s at the sigmoid colon and rectum (31.0% VS 7.9%, P<0.001), the ADR was significantly higher. Multivariate analysis showed that withdrawal time of ≥77 s at the ascending colon ( OR=6.427, P<0.001), those ≥56 s at the descending colon ( OR=3.564, P=0.045) and ≥109 s at the sigmoid colon and rectum ( OR=5.073, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for the increase of ADR. In the validation set, when the withdrawal times at the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon and rectum were ≥77 s, 61 s, 56 s, and 109 s, respectively, the total ADR (48.3% VS 17.6%, OR=2.952, P<0.001) and polyp detection rate (PDR) (63.2% VS 23.0%, OR=4.191, P<0.001) significantly increased. There were no significant differences in ADR ( P=0.563) or PDR ( P=0.770) compared with those where withdrawal time was over 6 min. Conclusion:The ADR and PDR significantly increase when the withdrawal times are ≥77 s at the ascending colon, ≥61 s at the transverse colon, ≥56 s at the descending colon, and ≥109 s at the sigmoid colon and rectum.

The timing of withdrawal from caffeine citrate in very preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical features and outcome of very preterm infants withdrawn from caffeine citrate at different time points.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of the preterm infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks, who were hospitalized in the Division of Neonatology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, from January 1, 2016 to November 30, 2020. According to the time of withdrawal from caffeine citrate, the infants who met the study criteria were divided into the group with withdrawal before the last week of hospitalization and the group with withdrawal within the last week of hospitalization. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical features, features of citric caffeine use, length of hospital stay and hospital costs, change in the intensity of respiratory support, and preterm complications.@*RESULTS@#A total of 403 preterm infants were enrolled, with 285 infants in the group with withdrawal before the last week of hospitalization and 118 infants in the group with withdrawal within the last week of hospitalization. There were no significant differences in clinical features between the two groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#A relatively long course of caffeine citrate treatment is more beneficial to the short-term clinical outcome of very preterm infants.

Effects of different postpartum withdrawal time of tenofovir on hepatitis B virus markers, virology and biochemical indexes / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To evaluate the effect of TDF withdrawal time on changes of serum HBV-M, HBV DNA and ALT level in the mother-to-child blocking of the maternal population. METHODS: A prospective, randomized and controlled study was conducted. The 120 pregnant women with HBV who took TDF during 24 to 28 weeks of gestation were randomly divided into group A (withdrawal at delivery) and group B (withdrawal at 4 weeks postpartum), levels of HBV-M, HBV DNA, and ALT at different times were detected. The results were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank-sum test and χ

Withdrawal Time of Colonoscopy and Detection Rate of Colorectal Polyps: A Retrospective Study / 胃肠病学

Background: Colonoscopy is an important approach for the screening of colorectal cancer, however, the quality of colonoscopy is affected by a series of factors such as withdrawal time and bowel cleanliness. It is recommended that colonoscopy withdrawal time should not be less than 6 minutes. Aims: To study the relationship between withdrawal time of colonoscopy and the detection rate of colorectal polyps, which is considered as an important quality indicator for colonoscopy. Methods: A total of 2 924 cases of patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Southern Division of Shanghai Renji Hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Colonoscopies were performed by two experienced senior endoscopists. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of colorectal polyps. The gender, age, cecal insertion time, depth of insertion and withdrawal time were recorded and compared between the two groups. The influential factors for detection of colorectal polyps were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results: Of the 2 924 cases, 1 105 (37.8%) found polyps under colonoscopy. There were significant differences in gender and cecal insertion time between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that male (OR=3.175, 95% CI: 1.596-6.317, P=0.001) and withdrawal time ≥ 5 min (OR=4.945, 95% CI: 2.037-12.005, P<0.001) were associated with detection of colorectal polyps. Conclusions: For experienced senior endoscopists, the risk-benefit balance might be achieved by controlling the colonoscopy withdrawal time within 5-6 minutes.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Capsaicine on the Chronic Knee Arthritis Pain Model in Mice / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect ofcapsaicin at different concentrations on chronic knee arthritis pain model in mice.Methods:Choosing 50 healthy adult male Kunming mice builded chronic knee arthritis pain model by injecting 0.01 mL CFA (Complete Freund's Adjuvant,CFA) into left joint cavity.The model would be succeed in building after 3 weeks.The successful model mice were divided into five groups randomly (n=10):The first experimental group (saline group),the second experimental group (capsaicin excipient group),the third experimental group (0.5 ％ of capsaicin),the fourth experimental group (3 ％ of capsaicin) and the fifth experimental group (8 ％ of capsaicin).All of the mice would be observed the time of withdrawal latencies from the thermal heated surface after administration of one,four and seven hours,and thermal withdrawal time within 60 days after the injection.Results:①The physiological saline group compared with excipient group,the thermal withdrawal time had no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05)after administration of one,four and seven hours,and thermal withdrawal time within 60 days.②The acute pain duration of the third group would disappear after capsaicin injection 7 hours,four hours for the fourth group,and one hour for the fifth group.③The duration of analgesia of the third group,lasted for 18.9± 1.1 days;The analgesia time of the fourth group lasted for 33.7± 1.0 days;The analgesia time of the fifth group lasted for 58.2± 1.2 days.Conclusions:Capsaicin has analgesic effects on chronic knee pain model in mice induced by CFA,and the days of analgesia increases with the concentration of capsaicin.

Usefulness of Real-time Measurement of Colonoscopy Withdrawal Time during Fellow Training / 대한소화기내시경학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Attempts to increase colonoscopy withdrawal time have been the topic of several recent publications. We assessed whether the real-time measurement of withdrawal time affected the withdrawal time and polyp detection rate. METHODS: Real-time colonoscopy withdrawal time was measured in 197 subjects in a study group and 184 subjects comprised a control group without real-time measurements. Colonoscopies were performed by four endoscopy specialists and three fellows during their first year of training. Withdrawal time, clinical features, bowel preparation, and polyp detection rates were comparatively analyzed. RESULTS: No significant differences in age, gender, bowel preparation, or polyp history were found in the two groups. Withdrawal time was significantly higher in the study group than that in the control group when a fellow performed the withdrawal. However, polyp detection rate did not significantly increase in the study group, regardless of physician. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time measurement of colonoscopy withdrawal time did not increase polyp detection rate, but the withdrawal time was significantly higher when a fellow performed the withdrawal phase than when a specialist performed withdrawal. Therefore, the real-time measurement of colonoscopy withdrawal time seems to be a useful tool for fellow training.

The Colonoscopic Withdrawal Time is Correlated with the Rate of Detecting Polyps When Performing Colonoscopy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The colonoscopic withdrawal time has been proposed as a quality indicator for colonoscopy, and this is based on the recent evidence that the Colon withdrawal time is associated with adenoma detection rate. In this study, we examined the difference of the polyp detection rates between practicing endoscopists, and we analysed certain factors that might lead to such differences, and particularly the colonoscopic withdrawal time. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the colonoscopic procedures that were performed by 7 second-year GI fellows at Hanyang University Guri Hospital. A total of 1,515 colonoscopies were assessed for the polyp detection rate, the insertion time, the withdrawal time, bowel preparation, the size of the detected polyps and the location of polyps. RESULTS: The median withdrawal time for the case with no polyps removed was 3.6 to 7.1 minutes. There was a strong positive correlation between the colonoscopic withdrawal times and the polyp detection rates (p<0.001). Furthermore, a longer withdrawal time resulted in discovering a higher percentage of small polyps. On comparing groups, the group of colonoscopists with a withdrawal time longer than 6 minutes had a higher rate of detecting polyps (30.7% vs 18.4%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There is wide range of polyp detection rates among practicing colonoscopists and there is strong positive correlation between the colonoscopic withdrawal times and the rate of detecting polyps. A long enough withdrawal time, perhaps 7 minutes, is needed to raise the rate of detecting polyps during colonoscopy.

Determination of Roxithromycin by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry after Multiple-Dose Oral Administration in Broilers

A highly sensitive and specific method for the determination of roxithromycin in broiler tissues by LC/MS was developed and validated. A dichloromethane extract of the sample was separated on C18 reversed-phase column with acetonitrile-50 mM ammonium acetate (80:20, v/v) as the mobile phase and analyzed by LC/MS via atmospheric pressure ionization/electrospray ionization interface. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 1 ng/g and 5 ng/g. The method has been successfully applied to determine for roxithromycin in various tissues of broilers. Residue concentrations were associated with administered dose. At the termination of treatment, roxithromycin was found in all collected samples for both dose groups. Liver was detected to have the highest residual concentration of roxithromycin. Residue concentrations of roxithromycin were lower than its LOQ in all tissues from both dose groups 10 days after the treatment of roxithromycin mixed with drinking water at a dose rate of 15 mg/L or 60 mg/L to each broiler for 7 days.