Doble tormenta tiroidea y arrítmica en una gestante con múltiples taquicardias refractarias mediadas por un haz de kent intermitente ablacionado exitosamente

La tormenta tiroidea es un estado crítico y poco frecuente que condiciona la disfunción de múltiples órganos por el efecto del exceso de las hormonas tiroideas, esta disfunción endócrina tiene una elevada mortalidad y genera manifestaciones típicas como la taquicardia, fiebre, alteraciones gastrointestinales, cardiovasculares y del sistema nervioso central. El embarazo se ha asociado con un incremento en la incidencia de arritmias. Necesitan un tratamiento inmediato con drogas antiarrítmicas, cardioversión eléctrica o cesárea de urgencia. El WPW es una anormalidad cardiaca congénita que consiste en la presencia de un haz anómalo (Haz de Kent) que evita el sistema normal de conducción uniendo directamente aurículas y ventrículos. Veremos el caso de una gestante de 32 semanas que presenta un cuadro de tormenta tiroidea y múltiples episodios de taquicardia paroxística supraventricular (TPS), de tórpida y sombría evolución clínica mediada por un haz anómalo de Kent intermitente. Es evidente que la tormenta tiroidea en el contexto de la gestación produjo cambios en las propiedades electrofisiológicas del haz anómalo de Kent intermitente lo cual propició el desarrollo de múltiples taquicardias paroxísticas supraventriculares refractarias a la cardioversión eléctrica y farmacológica. Tampoco mejoró con la tiroidectomía total, solamente cedió por completo con la ablación por catéter de radiofrecuencia del haz anómalo de Kent.

Thyroid storm is a critical and infrequent state that conditions the dysfunction of multiple organs due to the effect of excess thyroid hormones. This endocrine dysfunction has a high mortality and generates typical manifestations such as tachycardia, fever, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and heart disorders, and the central nervous system. Pregnancy has been associated with an increased incidence of arrhythmias. They need immediate treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs, electrical cardioversion, or emergency caesarean section. WPW is a congenital cardiac abnormality that consists of the presence of an abnormal bundle (Kent bundle) that prevents the normal conduction system, directly joining the atria and ventricles. We will see the case of a 32-week pregnant woman who presented symptoms of thyroid storm and multiple episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PST), with a torpid clinical course mediated by an abnormal intermittent Kent bundle. It is evident that the thyroid storm in the context of pregnancy produced changes in the electrophysiological properties of the intermittent Kent bundle, which led to the development of multiple PST refractory to electrical and pharmacological cardioversion. Moreover, it also did not improve with total thyroidectomy, only resolved completely with radiofrequency catheter ablation of the Kent bundle.

Wolff-Parkinson-White Apresentado como QRS Alternante e Outros Diagnósticos Diferenciais em uma Grande Coorte de Triagem de ECG Pré-Participação / Wolff-Parkinson-White Presenting as QRS Alternans and Other Differential Diagnoses in a Large Pre-Participation ECG Screening Cohort

Resumo Fundamento A síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) é uma condição pró-arrítmica que pode exigir restrição de atividades extenuantes e é caracterizada por sinais de ECG, incluindo ondas delta. Observamos casos de padrões intermitentes de WPW apresentando-se como QRS alternante ('WPW alternante') em uma grande coorte de triagem de ECG pré-participação de homens jovens que se candidataram ao recrutamento militar. Objetivos Nosso objetivo foi determinar o padrão de WPW alternante, as características do caso e a prevalência de outros diagnósticos diferenciais relevantes apresentando-se como alternância de QRS em um ambiente de pré-participação. Métodos Cento e vinte e cinco mil cento e cinquenta e oito recrutas militares do sexo masculino prospectivos foram revisados de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2019. Uma revisão de prontuários médicos eletrônicos identificou casos de WPW alternante e padrões ou síndrome de WPW. A revisão de prontuários médicos eletrônicos identificou casos de diagnósticos diferenciais relevantes que podem causar alternância de QRS. Resultados Quatro indivíduos (2,2%) apresentaram WPW alternante em 184 indivíduos com diagnóstico final de padrão ou síndrome de WPW. Dois desses indivíduos manifestaram sintomas ou achados eletrocardiográficos compatíveis com taquicardia supraventricular. A prevalência geral de WPW alternante foi de 0,003%, e a prevalência de WPW foi de 0,147%. As WPW alternantes representaram 8,7% dos indivíduos com QRS alternantes, e QRS alternantes tiveram prevalência de 0,037% em toda a população. Conclusões A WPW alternante é uma variante da WPW intermitente, que compreendeu 2,2% dos casos de WPW em nossa coorte de triagem pré-participação. Não indica necessariamente um baixo risco de taquicardia supraventricular. Deve ser reconhecido na triagem de ECG e distinguido de outras patologias que também apresentam QRS alternantes.

Abstract Background Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a proarrhythmic condition that may require restriction from strenuous activities and is characterized by ECG signs, including delta waves. We observed cases of intermittent WPW patterns presenting as QRS alternans ('WPW alternans') in a large pre-participation ECG screening cohort of young men reporting for military conscription. Objectives We aimed to determine the WPW alternans pattern, case characteristics, and the prevalence of other relevant differential diagnoses presenting as QRS alternans in a pre-participation setting. Methods One hundred twenty-five thousand one hundred fifty-eight prospective male military recruits were reviewed from January 2016 to December 2019. A review of electronic medical records identified cases of WPW alternans and WPW patterns or syndrome. Reviewing electronic medical records identified cases of relevant differential diagnoses that might cause QRS alternans. Results Four individuals (2.2%) had WPW alternans out of 184 individuals with a final diagnosis of WPW pattern or syndrome. Two of these individuals manifested symptoms or ECG findings consistent with supraventricular tachycardia. The overall prevalence of WPW alternans was 0.003%, and the prevalence of WPW was 0.147%. WPW alternans represented 8.7% of individuals presenting with QRS alternans, and QRS alternans had a prevalence of 0.037% in the entire population. Conclusions WPW alternans is a variant of intermittent WPW, which comprised 2.2% of WPW cases in our pre-participation screening cohort. It does not necessarily indicate a low risk for supraventricular tachycardia. It must be recognized at ECG screening and distinguished from other pathologies that also present with QRS alternans.

Wolf-parkinson-white Syndrome-current Concepts in Anesthetic Practice.

Wolf-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a disorder of conduction system of heart caused by presence of an abnormal accessory conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles. It is associated with tachyarrhythmias diagnosed by electrocardiography (ECG). The anesthetic management of these patients is challenging as they are known to develop life threatening arrhythmias. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a good agent for control of peri-operative dysrhythmias.

Ablación por radiofrecuencia de una vía accesoria lateral izquierda por abordaje transradial / Radiofrequency ablation of a left free-wall accessory pathway by transradial approach

La ablación por radiofrecuencia de las vías accesorias izquierdas en el síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White, convencionalmente se realiza por vía transaórtica retrógrada desde una de las arterias femorales. Nosotros informamos el caso de un paciente portador de una vía anterolateral izquierda, con dificultades para el acceso a través de las arterias ilíacas, cuya vía pudo ser ablacionada utilizando la arteria radial derecha.

Radiofrequency ablation of left free-wall accessory pathways in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is conventionally made by retrograde transaortic approach from one of the femoral arteries. We report the case of a patient with a left anterolateral pathway, with difficulties in the approach through the iliac arteries, which pathway was ablated from the right radial artery.

Taquicardia irregular de QRS ancho en el servicio de urgencia / Irregular tachycardia of wide QRS in the emergency department

La consulta por taquiarritmias en el servicio de urgencia es frecuente. Es importante realizar un correcto diagnóstico diferencial de las taquiarritmias en general y de las taquicardias irregulares de complejo ancho en particular. Una de sus posibles causas podría ser la fibrilación auricular en presencia de preexcitación (síndrome Wolff Parkinson White). El estudio electrofisiológico puede ser diagnóstico y terapéutico.

Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome in young men presenting with palpitation: the pattern of delta waves in predicting location of accessory pathway.

Palpitation is a common presenting symptom in the emergency department. Wolf-Parkinson White (WPW) syndrome is a cardiac conduction disorder that may present with palpitation and lead to sudden cardiac death. WPW could be detected by electrocardiogram (ECG). In this case report, we present two young male patients with WPW syndrome admitted to our hospital with history of repeated and progressive palpitation. ECG of the first patient revealed supraventricular tachycardia which converted to sinus rhythm after propanolol treatment. ECG showed sinus rhythm with delta wave in lead II,III,aVF, V1 suggesting the presence of accessory pathway (AP) in left lateral wall. Electrophysiology study confirmed the presence of AP and radio frequency catheter ablation was successfully done resulted in disappearance of delta on outpatient clinic ECG. Patient has no symptom and he do not have to take medication. ECG of the second patient revealed supraventricular tachycardia with abberancy. After amiodarone infusion, ECG showed sinus rhythm with delta wave in lead I,II,aVL suggesting the presence of accessory pathway in anteroseptal wall. Electrophysiology study and catheter ablation did not perform for this patient because of financial problem, however amidarone has to be taken regularly to prevent the recurrence of supraventricular tachycardia.

Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White / Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

El Síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White es una entidad de origen genético que se caracteriza por la presencia de una vía atrio-ventricular accesoria además de la vía fisiológica, compuesta por el Nodo AV y el sistema His-Purkinje. Cuando el paciente se encuentra en ritmo sinusal, se diagnostica la enfermedad al electrocardiograma por la presencia de las llamadas ondas Delta en los complejos QRS además de un intervalo P-R acortado. Es una patología benigna en su naturaleza, pero que sin embargo puede predisponer a arritmias paroxísticas que pueden llegar a ser mortales.

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome is a disease with a genetic origin which is characterized by the presence of an accessory atrioventricular pathway, resides the regular one consistingon the AV Node and the His-Purkinje System. At the Electrocardiogram, the entity can be diagnosed by the presence of the so-called Delta Waves in the QRS complexes, and a shortened P-R intervalo This syndrome is benign in this nature, although it can predisposethe patient to supraventricular arrhythrnias that may end up being lethal.