ABSTRACT
Combined radiation-wound injury (CRWI) is characterized by blood vessel damage and pro-inflammatory cytokine deficiency. Studies have identified that the direct application of leptin plays a significant role in angiogenesis and inflammation. We established a sustained and stable leptin expression system to study the mechanism. A lentivirus method was employed to explore the angiogenic potential and peripheral inflammation of irradiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Leptin was transfected into human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HPMSCs) with lentiviral vectors. HUVECs were irradiated by X-ray at a single dose of 20 Gy. Transwell migration assay was performed to assess the migration of irradiated HUVECs. Based on the Transwell systems, co-culture systems of HPMSCs and irradiated HUVECs were established. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, and IL-8) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of pro-angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)) mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Relevant molecules of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways were detected by western blot assay. Results showed that leptin-modified HPMSCs (HPMSCs/ leptin) exhibited better cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic potential (expressed more VEGF and bFGF). In both the single HPMSCs/leptin and the co-culture systems of HPMSCs/leptin and irradiated HUVECs, the increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (human GM-CSF, IL-1α, and IL-6) was associated with the interaction of the NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. We conclude that HPMSCs/leptin could promote angiogenic potential and peripheral inflammation of HUVECs after X-ray radiation.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Cytokines/biosynthesis , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/radiation effects , Inflammation/etiology , Leptin/pharmacology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology , Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology , Placenta/cytology , STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Transcription Factor RelA/genetics , X-RaysABSTRACT
Combined radiation-wound injury (CRWI) is characterized by blood vessel damage and pro-inflammatory cytokine deficiency. Studies have identified that the direct application of leptin plays a significant role in angiogenesis and inflammation. We established a sustained and stable leptin expression system to study the mechanism. A lentivirus method was employed to explore the angiogenic potential and peripheral inflammation of irradiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Leptin was transfected into human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HPMSCs) with lentiviral vectors. HUVECs were irradiated by X-ray at a single dose of 20 Gy. Transwell migration assay was performed to assess the migration of irradiated HUVECs. Based on the Transwell systems, co-culture systems of HPMSCs and irradiated HUVECs were established. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, and IL-8) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of pro-angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)) mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Relevant molecules of the nuclear factor-KB (NF-kB) and Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways were detected by western blot assay. Results showed that leptin-modified HPMSCs (HPMSCs/leptin) exhibited better cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic potential (expressed more VEGF and bFGF). In both the single HPMSCs/leptin and the co-culture systems of HPMSCs/leptin and irradiated HUVECs, the increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (human GM-CSF, IL-1α, and IL-6) was associated with the interaction of the NF-KB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. We conclude that HPMSCs/leptin could promote angiogenic potential and peripheral inflammation of HUVECs after X-ray radiation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to osteoblasts differentiation induced by X-rays; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods CCK-8 method was used to select different concentrations of APS for the proliferation ability of BMSCs with 2 Gy X-ray radiation, and the best concentration was determined. Cells were divided into blank group, APS group, radiation group, radiation+APS group. APS group and radiation+APS group were given the best concentration of APS for 3 days, radiation group and radiation+APS group were given 2 Gy X-ray radiation. After radiation, 2 mL osteogenesis induced liquid was added in each group, every 3 day. After 15 day''s induction, inverting microscope was used to observe morphology, and alizarin red staining to detect the area of the calcium nodules in each group. Western blot was used to detect the specific marker protein osteopontin and osteocalcin expression of each group. Results Compared with the blank group, the proliferation ability of radiation group was obviously lower (P<0.05); compared with radiation group, the proliferation ability of radiation+APS significantly increased (P<0.05); the strongest promoting proliferation of APS was 50μg/mL, therefore, it was selected as the best concentration. In terms of morphology, inverted microscope showed that secretion of crystals of radiation group was obviously reduced compared with the blank group and APS group, and secretion of crystals of radiation+APS group was significantly elevated compared with radiation group. In osteogenesis ability, compared with the blank group, the cell calcium nodule area of APS group had a certain reduce, but the radiation group had a significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the radiation group, the cell calcium nodule area of radiation+APS group obviously increased (P<0.05). In terms of osteogenesis specific marker protein expression, compared with the blank group, the expression of osteopontin of APS group was slightly declined, and the expression of osteocalcin was slightly elevated, but the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin of radiation group was significantly lowered (P<0.05). Compared with the radiation group, the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin of radiation+APS group was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion APS has protective effects on osteoblastic differentiation ablility of BMSCs induced by X-ray radiation.
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Objective:Cardiovascular interventional therapy for children Statistics and Analysis of X-ray radiation dose to explore low-dose technology in the protection of children. Methods:The hospital nearly two years the use of low-dose technology in the interventional diagnosis and treatment of children, a retrospective analysis of 18 patients under the age of three kinds of treated me institutes common childhood intervention operations radiation levels were nearly two years and two years ago the same operation of the radiation levels in patients with technical analysis, a total of 300 cases. Among them, 60 cases of atrial septal defect occlusion in patients with ventricular septal defect occlusion in patients with 90 cases, patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in patients with 150 cases. Using digital subtraction angiography machine automatically adjusts the exposure conditions. Including entrance dose ED(mGy), dose area product DAP and fluoroscopy time F were measured. Results:The two groups results in the perspective of time, entrance dose, there was a significant difference, nearly 2 years statistics show a significant reduction in radiation dose in children suffered, both between entrance dose and fluoroscopy time was significantly a linear relationship. Area of operation of different doses of the product of cardiovascular intervention there was a significant difference, ventricular septal defect occlusion area dose product is still large. Conclusion:Low-dose technology effectively reduces the radiation dose for children, worthy of promotion.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the effects of sanguinarine (SAN) on acute radiation induced injury in mice, 45 mice were randomly divided into control, 10 Gy and SAN+10 Gy groups. Mice in the 10 Gy and SAN+10 Gy groups were exposed to single X-ray radiation with an accumulated dose of 10 Gy. Mice in the SAN+10 Gy group were administered intraperitoneally with 2.5 mg/kg body weight of SAN before radiation. Five days after radiation exposure, 5 mice from each group were sacrificed and samples of the small intestine, lung, spleen and liver were fixed for histopathological examinations. Compared with the 10 Gy group, radiation sickness was obviously delayed or attenuated in the SAN+10 Gy group. Survival analysis showed a significant difference between 2 radiation groups (P<0.05) and mean survival time was 3 days longer in the SAN+10 Gy group than in the 10 Gy group (7.21±0.19 vs. 4.20±0.13, P<0.001). Radiation-induced organ damage, based on histopathological examinations, was decreased by SAN pretreatment. Chiu’s pathology grading scores, which is an index of intestinal damage, was significantly lower in the SAN+10 Gy group than in the 10 Gy group (2.77±0.48 vs. 4.37±0.31, P<0.01). A similar result was obtained in the pathological score of lung (1.67±0.21 vs. 2.33±0.38, P<0.01). Our preliminary findings demonstrated that SAN protects animals against radiation-induced sickness and acute damage to organs and following animal death.
Para investigar os efeitos da sanguinarina (SAN) em lesões induzidas em ratos por radiação aguda, 45 ratos foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupo controle, grupo 10 Gy e grupo SAN+10 Gy. Os ratos dos grupos 10 Gy e SAN+10 Gy foram expostos à radiação de raio-X simples com uma dose acumulada de 10 Gy. Aos ratos do grupo SAN+10 Gy administraram-se, intraperitonealmente, 2.5 mg/kg de peso de SAN antes da radiação. Aos 5 dias de exposição à radiação, sacrificaram-se 5 ratos de cada grupo e retiraram-se amostras do intestino delgado, pulmões, baço e fígado para exames histopatológicos. Comparando com o grupo 10 Gy, a doença por radiação foi claramente atrasada e atenuada no grupo SAN+10 Gy. A análise de sobrevivência mostrou diferença significativa entre os dois grupos de radiação (P<0.05) e o tempo de sobrevivência média foi de mais 3 dias no grupo SAN+10 Gy do que no grupo 10 Gy (7.21±0.19 vs 4.20±0.13, P<0.001). Danos induzidos nos órgãos por radiação, baseados em exames histopatológicos, foram reduzidos pelo pré-tratamento com SAN. As pontuações de classificação da patologia Chiu, um índice para os danos intestinais, foi significativamente menor no grupo SAN+10 Gy do que no grupo 10 Gy (2.77±0.48 vs 4.37±0.31, P<0.01). Resultado semelhante foi obtido na pontuação patológica do pulmão (1.67±0.21 vs 2.33±0.38, P<0.01). As nossas descobertas preliminares mostram que SAN protege os animais contra doenças induzidas pela radiação e danos agudos nos órgãos seguidos de morte animal.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , /radiation effects , /radiation effects , Mice, Inbred BALB C , X-Rays/adverse effects , Radiation Exposure/analysis , Radiation Exposure ControlABSTRACT
Objective To enhance the prevention consciousness of pediatric cases in X-ray examination procedure through manifestation analysis of 1000 cases inspected in our department. Methods 1000 cases were extracted from the pediatric cases examined in our department between August, 2003 and April,2004. Results The sensitive organs such as gonad, thyroid, lens, thymus and galactophore of infants etc accepted higher radiation frequency (?2 test P
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Digital X-ray imaging technique has been developing rapidly in recent years, and makes it possible for people to be radiated by lower X-ray dose than before to get the images for diagnosis. Current development in 7 aspects about digital roentgenography is introduced in this article.
ABSTRACT
Radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancers is often used either alone or in addition to surgery. Radiation disrupts the proliferative capacity of the cancer while doing as little damage as possible to the normal tissue. Nevertheless, conventional radiotherapy of advanced head and neck tumors is frequently associated with severe oropharyngeal mucositis. The fungiform papillae are found on the dorsal surface of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and have one taste bud which always located on the superior side. In recent years, many study have demonstrated the location of neuropeptides in the intragemmal cells of the taste buds. We used neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in this study. NCAM is a membrane surface glycoprotein found in neural tissue that functions in cell -cell interactions such as adhesion and recognition and may contribute to neuronal and receptoneural synaptogenesis. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study about NCAM in relation to dysgeusia, especially after radiotherapy. Therefore, we studied the change of the expression of NCAM in the fungiform papilla of the young rat tongue following single dose radiation. Twenty days old 18 Sprague -Dawley rats were used. Twelve rats were irradiated with a single dose of 17 Gy gamma radiation. We sacrificed rats 1, 7, 20 days after radiation. The anterior part of tongues were removed and cut into at 30 micro gram on a cryocut. Using the free floating method, we immunostained sections. In control group, NCAM is expressed on some intragemmal cells which were located in the center of the bud and intragemmal nerve fibers. NCAM -immunoreactive (ir) perigemmal nerve fibers were rare, however basal plexus fibers and subpapillary nerve bundle showed strong immunoreactivity. One day after radiation, taste buds had no detectable changes of the expression of NCAM. However, seven days after radiation, the number of NCAM -ir intragemmal cells was reduced and the shape of ir cells was deformed. Immunoreactivity of basal plexus fibers and subpapillary nerve bundle was also decreased. The surface of the papilla was transformed into dome shape. Twenty days after radiation, overall forms of buds were recovered except a few deformed NCAM -ir intragemmal cells. NCAM was expressed in the intragemmal cells which are thought to be related with taste sensation, and we speculate that NCAM participate synaptogenesis. However, more studies using immunoelectron microscopic method are required.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Dysgeusia , Gamma Rays , Head , Immunohistochemistry , Membrane Glycoproteins , Membranes , Mucositis , Neck , Nerve Fibers , Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules , Neurons , Neuropeptides , Radiotherapy , Sensation , Taste Buds , TongueABSTRACT
PURPOSE: It was studied that the relationship between radiation dose, dose rate and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Peripheral lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro with 6 MeV X-ray at dose ranges from 50 cGy to 800 cGy. The variations of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations were observed according to different radiation dose rate from 20 cGy/min to 400 cGy/min at constant total dose of 400 cGy which it was considered as factor to correct biological radiation dose measurement. RESULTS: The yields of lymphocytes with chromosomal aberrations (dicentric chromosome, ring chromosome, acentric fragment pairs) are 0% at 50 cGy, 9% at 100 cGy, 20% at 200 cGy, 27% at 300 cGy, 55% at 400 cGy, 88% at 600 cGy, and 100% at 800 cGy. The value of Ydr is 0.000 at 50 cGy, 0.093 at 100 cGy, 0.200 at 200 cGy, 0.364 at 300 cGy, 0.612 at 400 cGy, 2.040 at 600 cGy, and 2.846 at 800 cGy. The relationship between radiation (D) and the frequency of dicentric chromosomes and ring chromosomes (Ydr) can be expressed as Ydr=0.188x10-2/GyxD+0.422x10-4/Gy2xD2. The value of Qdr is 0.000 at 50 cGy, 1.000 at 100 cGy, 1.000 at 200 cGy, 1.333 at 300 cGy, 1.118 at 400 cGy, 2.318 at 600 cGy, and 2.846 at 800 cGy. When 400 cGy is irradiated with different dose rate each of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 160, 240, 320, and 400 cGy/min, Ydr is each of 0.982, 0.837, 0.860, 0.732, 0.763, 0.966, 0.909, 1.006, and 0.806, and Qdr is each of 1.839, 1.565, 1.654, 1.333, 1.381, 1.750, 1.6000, 1.710, and 1.318. CONCLUSION: There are not the significant variations of Ydr and Qdr values according to different dose rate. And so radiation damage is influenced by total exposed radiation doses and is influenced least of all by different dose rate when it is acute single exposure.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Lymphocytes , Ring ChromosomesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the exposure dose levels of patient body surface and main sensitive organs from routine medical X-ray diagnosis so as to offer a basic data of guidance levels in radiological diagnosis practice. Methods To measure the skin surface exposure doses of the irradiation field and the main sensitive organs of patients by thermoluminescent dosimeter moreover to estimate the main sensitive organs exposure doses using tissue percentage depths formula. Results The exposure dose of chest fluoroscopy was 30 times that of fluorography. The exposure dose(12.41 mGy/time) of barium meal examination in alimentary canal was the highest in all examination. The dose of thyroid(0.210 mGy/time) was the highest when getting the chest fluoroscopy the dose of ovary was the highest when getting barium meal(0.390 mGy/time) and lumbar fluoroscopy(0.168 mGy/time) in all of sensitive organs dose. Conclusion Chest fluorography will give the patients a lower dose exposure of X-ray compared with fluoroscopy.