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Objective:To investigate the medication rules of Xin'an medicine for the treatment of melancholia and further analyze the medication ideas of Xin'an physicians in the treatment of melancholia.Methods:The documents of Xin'an physicians treating melancholia in the fifth edition of the Chinese Medical Code and the online database of ancient Chinese medicine were retrieved. Excel was used to extract the prescription information to establish the database. R language was used to analyze the data regarding the medication frequency, nature and taste, association rules, and clustering of the traditional Chinese medicine used in the prescription. Results:A total of 127 effective prescriptions were sorted out, and 177 kinds of Chinese medicines were used with a total medication frequency of 1 031 times. The top three Chinese medicines with the highest frequency of use were Poria cocos (57 times), Licorice (46 times), and Paeonia Lactiflora (40 times). The main nature of herbs was plain and warm nature. The warm herbs were the most frequently used (298 times). The first five flavors of the herbs which were the most used were pungent taste (475 times, 28.70%), bitter taste (459 times, 27.73%), and sweet taste (453 times, 27.37%). The commonly used herbs with confidence coefficient > 0.800 were Licorice + Angelica sinensis, Licorice + Angelica sinensis and Paeonia Lactiflora, Licorice + Bupleurum, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala, Cyperus root + Ligusticum Chuanxiong, Angelica sinensis + Atractylodes macrocephala and Licorice, Paeonia Lactiflora + Angelica sinensis and Poria cocos, Licorice + Angelica sinensis and Poria cocos, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala and Angelica sinensis, Licorice + Bupleurum and Paeonia Lactiflora, Licorice + Atractylodes macrocephala and Ginseng, Licorice + Ginseng and Angelica sinensis, Cyperus root + Medicated leaven, Ginseng + Astragalus mongholicus, Licorice + Astragalus mongholicus.Conclusion:Xin'an medicine for the treatment of melancholia mainly uses pungent, bitter, sweet, and warm herbs. It can adjust the chill and fever, Yin and Yang of the human body, diminishes the urgency, and regulates the flow of Qi.
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Objective:To explore the medication rules of Ye Tianshi in the treatment of constipation from his clinical records. Methods:The drugs in the prescriptions of intestinal obstruction and stool closure were collected in Guide to Clinical Practice with Medical Records. Then the frequency of the prescriptions and the herbs for the treatment,as well as the herbal natures, flavors and meridian belongings were analyzed by Excel, SPSS 22.0 and SPSS Modeler software. Results:The main syndrome types of Ye's treatment of fecal occlusive disease were internal accumulation of dampness and heat, deficiency of kidney Yang, hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, deficiency of liver and kidney Yin, and dysfunction of lung. The medicinal properties were mainly warm, cold and flat, and the tastes were mainly sweet, pungent and bitter, and the meridians mainly belonged to spleen and stomach, lung, liver, kidney and heart. Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Angelica sinensis, Poria, Semen Platycladi, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, Semen Persicae were often used. The commonly used drug pairs, included Armeniacae Amarum Semen and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, Armeniacae Amarum Semen and Radix Curcumae Aromaticae, Angelica sinensis and Semen Platycladi and so on. Conclusions:Ye Tianshi takes spleen and stomach as the center, pays attention to the important position of dampness pathogen in the pathogenic process, and pays attention to lung Qi purging, liver Qi drainage and bladder gasification. It provides new treatment ideas and methods, guiding future doctors.
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Objective:To explore the thoughts and rules of Ye Tianshi’s medication in the treatment of damp-resistance spleen and stomach disease in the Clinical Guideline Medical Records. Methods:In the spleen and stomach-related diseases and dampness chapters of Clinical Guideline Medical Records, the medical cases selected in the spleen and stomach, disease syndrome ondampness were selected and entered into the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistance Platform System (V 2.5). The software was used to analyze the frequency, tastes, meridian, and for the association rules analysis and complex system entropy cluster analysis of medication. Results:A total of 162 prescriptions were included, involving 155 traditional Chinese medicines. The Poria, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, were used frequently. The Qi of medicationwere mainly warm, cold and flat, and the five tastes were mainly bitter, sweet and pungent, mainly belonging to the spleen, stomach and lung meridian. The core drugs in the associated network were Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, Polyporus, Poria, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma. In the analysis of the correlation between drugs, there are 106 combinations of 2 drugs, 19 combinations of 3 drugs, 1 combination of 4 drugs, and 15 drug pairs with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.03, such as " Cimicifugae Rhizoma- Puerariae Lobatae Radix" and " Atractylodis MacrocephalaeRhizoma- Cinnamomi Ramulus" , " Armeniacae Semen Amarum- Gardeniae Fructus" . Based on complex entropy clustering analysis, 5 pairs of core combinations were extracted, such as " Paeoniae Radix Alba- Coptidis Rhizoma- Nelumbinis Semen" and " Scutellariae Radix- Coptidis Rhizoma-Poria" , and 5 new prescription combinations were obtained, which had the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, promoting Yang and surpassing dampness, regulating qi and removing dampness, warming yang and removing dampness, clearing heat and dampness. Conclusions:In Clinical Guideline Medical Records, Ye Tianshi stressed regulating Qi machine, eliminating and removing discharge in the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases with dampness resistance. He often used the treatment methods of dispersing lung and removing dampness, ascending Yang and surpassing dampness, conducting Qi and guiding dampness, aromatizing dampness, warming yang and removing dampness, relieving dampness with bitterness, reducing dampness, clearing heat and removing dampness.
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Ye Tianshi and Xue Shengbai are two febrile disease specialists in same time, and for the treatment of dampness and heat, they have different medication ideas. With the help of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), author has studied two specialists' consilias of dampness and heat, through the statistics and analysis of their medicine during the treatment of dampness and heat, summarizes the similarities and differences of Ye and Xue's medicine application's assoations and models. Ye Tianshi and Xue Shengbai were both thought that the reason of dampness and heat was damp heat pathogenic factors, for this reason, the spleen and stomach conduction disordered, They both treated from the middle-jiao of Yangming and Taiyin, focused on warm-natured medicine, cold-natured medicine, used less cool-natured and heat-natured medicine, and more bitter, pungent, sweet medicine; Ye Tianshi usually use Scutellariae Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Coptidis Rhizoma, Polyporus, Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma; Xue Shengbai commonly use Poria, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Magnoliae officinalis Cortex, Patchouli, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Lablab Semen Album, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Mume Fructus, Tsaoko Fructus, Amomi Fructus, Coptidis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex. The differences between the two masters in medicine application provide a reference for the clinical treatment of dampness and heat.
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Through the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance platform system, with the help of medical records, Ye Tianshi and Wu Jutong's medication characteristics for summer heat sickness were analyzed, the laws of the two people's medication were summarized, and the similarities and differences between the two were explored to explore the relationship. As a result, it was found that both of them recognized the relationship between summer heat and wetness, and Wu Jutong believed that "wind" was also an important pathogenic factor. Both of the patients were treated with cold medicine and warm medicine. They used mostly bitter, sweet, pungent taste and lungs, spleen, stomach, and heart meridian are the main components; two are commonly used Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Talcum, Rehmanniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma and other drugs, Ye Tianshi use Scrophulariae Radix, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Coicis Semen and other drugs more, Wu Jutong use Gypsum Fibrosum, Sojae Semen Praeparatum, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba and other drugs more; at the same time, a combination of two high-frequency medicines used by two people has been excavated, and a new prescription has been deduced to provide a reference for further understanding and treatment of summer diseases.
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Objective Taking medical cases in Lin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi An Shi as examples to analyze the network relationship between the syndromes and prescriptions through building a medical case model forecasting medication via artificial neural networks for the syndromes and prescriptions in medical cases. Methods The study screened medical cases in Lin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi An Shi, and standardized and entered the data with Python language programming. PyBrain module was used to build and train a network model. The MatPlotLib module drew the error curve and the predicted fit curve, and evaluated the sensitivity and specificity. NetworkX module realized the visual expression of the network relationship between the syndromes and prescriptions, and analyzed the medicine within the prescriptions and compatibility relationship and the relationship between the pathogenesis and pathology. Results The sensitivity of the constructed medical case network model was 96.15% and the specificity was 75.00%. The visual mapping of the network relationship between the syndromes and prescriptions and the analysis on single, single group, and multi-angle were realized. Conclusion Neural network is capable to simulate the relationship between syndromes and prescriptions of medical knowledge. The visual combination and manifestation of network can provide a feasible solution for the knowledge discovery in medical literature.
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[Objective] Exploretreatment of simultaneous upper and lower diseases focusing on spleen and stomachin specific therapy of malignant tumors. [Methods]Through hackling origin of history,analyse clinical manifestations of cancer patients in viscera,limbs,guan orifices and so on.Combined with typical case,we explore concrete treatment method of treatment focusing on spleen and stomachand diet taboo and suitable. [Results]Patients with malignant tumor mostly perform simultaneous upper and lower diseasesin end-stage of disease or accepting modern medical treament frequently. According to therapeutic thoughts of paying attention to the spleen and stomach of past dynasty medical practitioners and strategic treatment methods oftreatment focusing on spleen and stomachof YE Tianshi,we proposed it should supplement the middle at first in therapy of cancer.Eliminating pathogenic factors and regulating should not damage the spleen and stomach.And we advocate using insect drug timely and appropriately to attack pathogenic qi.[Conclusions]TCM pays attention to regulating the function of the spleen and stomach in the whole treatment of cancer.
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The causes of flaccidity syndrome are various. YE Tian-shi's book of Lin Zheng Zhi Nan Yi An combined the causes of flaccidity syndrome, and focused on pulsus paradoxus less qi. On the basis of common treatment methods for flaccidity syndrome, such as clearing heat in lung, treating Yangming and tonifying liver and kidney, this book created the treatment of polsus paradoxus, expanded TCM ideas and methods for treatment of flaccidity syndrome, which made great contributions to TCM treatment for flaccidity syndrome.
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Ye Tianshi and Xue Shengbai were both epidemic febrile diseases specialists in same time of Qing dynasty. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System was used to compare and analyze the therapeutic characteristics of these two specialists in treating damp-heat type fullness or distension in stomach. Distension is commonly caused by qi stagnation accompanied with damp-heat from internal and external factors. In treatment, separation of damp and heat and removing dampness and heat from sanjiao separately were their common therapeutic principles. Both Ye Tianshi and Xue Shengbai paid much greater attention to eliminating dampness, and the herbs with bitter and pungent flavor, warm in property were usually chosen to regulate qi flow and reduce dampness. Invigorating spleen, nourishing stomach and dispersing lung were the frequently used treatment to balance the organs'harmony. The difference between specialist Ye and specialist Xue was the preference of herbs. Hou Pu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), and Hua Shi (Talcum) were often used in both administrations. Besides, Ye Tianshi preferred to use Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Fuling, et al. Xue Shengbai on the other hand enjoyed using Fu Lingpi(Poriae Cutis), Cao Guo (Tsaoko Fructus), and Guang Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), et al. In herbs compatibility, both of the two specialists were fond of using Chen Pi-Hou Pu, Hou Pu-Xing Ren. Moreover, Ye Tianshi often used Ban Xia- Xing Ren, Ban Xia-Huang Qin, and Hua Shi-Xing Ren to achieve the expected outcome of the treatment. While, Chen Pi, Fu Lingpi, and Hou Pu were the common combination with each other in Xue's cases. The similarities and differences of their administration should have the guidance in current clinical Chinese medicine practice for damp-heat type fullness or distension in stomach.
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According to ZHANG Zhong-jing, the main reason for the stroke was the exogenous wind, and the most important pathogenesis was the deficiency of qi and exogenous pathogenic factor. Three methods are stressed to cure the stroke: the equal treatment focused on the liver and the spleen, the use of tranquilizing medicine to stop the wind, and the use of strengthening body resistance to get rid of the exogenous pathogenic factors. While YE Tian-shi considered that the main reason for stroke was the deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin. The chief pathogenesis in stroke was the yang transforms to the interior wind. There are three therapeutic features in the treatment: the equal treatment focused on the liver and the spleen, the synchronous treatment of the liver and stomach, and select the medicine according to the four seasons climate. ZHANG Zhong-jing's theory of exogenous wind and YE Tian-shi's theory of yang transforms to the interior wind not only reflect the different angles in treatment for stroke, but also reflect the development of pathogenesis of stroke in the history.
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Objective]The article summarizes the essentials of hyperprolactinemia infertility experience by Professor Wang Zhe. [Methods]From following Professor Wang Zhe clincial studies,summarize experience and thoughts of treating hyperprolactinemia infertility with a case. [Results]Professor Wang Zhe thinks the main reason for the occurrence of hyperprolactinemia infertility ,which is related to the dysfunction of the liver,spleen and kidney.The spleen rules transformation and transportation that like dryness and dislike dampness.The liver stores the blood and rules flowing and spreading, that is sensitive to boundaries and maintains the smoothness and harmony of movement throughout the body.The kidneys store the essence and rule birth and hiding, which is foundation of innate existence. Its main types are liver depression and deficiency of the kidney block and phlegm-dampness stagnation.Therapeutically,using Fu Qingzhu medicine for women in the study of Yangjingzhongyu Decoction and the Ye Tianshi treatment recipe for women refers to Cangfudaotan Decoction in the treatment,to achieve nourishing the liver and kidney, invigorating spleen for eliminating dampness.[Conclusion]Professor Wang has exquisite medical skills, rigorous academic attitude, and richly professional knowledge and clinical experience.She has unique insights and experience in treating hyperprolactinemia infertility.Professor Wang Zhe's experience hopes to expand ideas of the clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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The key point of treating warm diseases is expelling pathogen,and of the total letting-out-therapy is particularly important.Ye Tianshi,a great master of thermy and heat diseases in the Qing dynasty had a brilliant exposition on it,and it specifically embodied on the treatments of wei,qi,ying and xue syndromes.His experience of using drugs was also full of characteristics.This article tries to explore the applying rules of letting-out-therapy of Ye Tianshi.
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The therapeutic method of defensive,qi,nutrient and blood phases in Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases is the signif icant achievement of YE Tian-shi in the process of studying febrile disease.Among the total,the syndrome of defensive phase should be treated on basis of syndrome differentiation,if only using diaphoresis without syndrome differentiation will result in damaged yin and replenished pathogen and deteriorated syndrome.It has important theoretical and clinical meaning to know law and characteristics of febrile disease in lung-wei phase by understanding'applying diaphoresis to treat syndrome of defensive phase'.
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Through researching YE Tian-shi’s theory source,the point of therapeutic methods of Qi collateral asthenia syndrome and collaterals diseases,attaching importance to physique factor and treating in accordance with seasonal conditional,this thesis expatiated intensively YE Tian-shi’s theory of therapeutical principle and medication trait for Qi collateral diseases.Then enumerated the prescriptions in common usage for Qi collateral diseases which were well-chosen from YE Tian-shi’s medical record.In a way,this thesis embodied the academic thought of paying particular attention to Qi collateral therapeutic methods in YE Tianshi’s theory very well.