ABSTRACT
As the pandemic of COVID-19 has hit the globe, the associated uncertainty is progressively testing the psychological resilience of the masses in India too. Accordingly, the global focus has been mostly on scrutinizing, finding a cure and preventing its transmission; people are facing innumerable psychological problems, adjusting to the current lifestyles and also living in fear of the infection from disease. Since there is a severe dearth of research on this issue, it was decided to conduct an online survey to compare the problems faced by young and middle-aged / elderly adults in the society in Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) during the lockdown period due to COVID-19. We wanted to analyse and compare the problems faced by young and the middle aged / elderly adults in Delhi NCR during the lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. METHODSA total of 450 people had given their consent to participate in this survey through a cross sectional survey during the lockdown period in Delhi-NCR region. Two separate questionnaires were created through google forms and were distributed via WhatsApp groups and other social media platforms. It consisted of 25 questions each based on the problems faced by the young and the middle aged / elderly adults. RESULTSThe study revealed that the young aged and middle-aged / elderly adults were similarly affected due to the lockdown. It also showed that the young adults were concerned to some extent about the studies in the school, college and university through online classes, not able to mix up with their friends for happy hours, getting bored and spending time watching movies / web series, and faced some mood swings due to the restrictions of COVID-19; whereas, the middle-aged / elderly adults were under a fear of getting infected, isolation, work from home, not able to help their relatives, confusion due to change in their routine, losing jobs, and were also upset with the reduction of their salary. CONCLUSIONSBoth the groups were similarly frustrated and stressed but for different reasons during this lockdown and in order to cope with the psychological stress, they should be counselled and given stress relieving sessions or should indulge in updating knowledge, skills etc. by attending to various online webinars, workshops etc.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the dynamic changes of symptom clusters in young and middle-aged lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted among 101 patients with primary lymphoma receiving chemotherapy. The Chinese version of Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale(MSAS-Ch) and the self-designed general questionnaire were applied before chemotherapy (T1),as well as 1 cycle (T2),3 cycles(T3), and 6 cycles (T4) after chemotherapy. Results The incidence and severity of symptoms were different in different chemotherapy circles among lymphoma patients. Symptom clusters structure was relatively unstable. There were 3 symptom clusters (psychology-related,lymphoma B symptoms,disease-related) before receiving chemotherapy. After 1 cycle,there were 3 symptom clusters (psychology-related,chemotherapy side-effect,fatigue-related),After 3 and 6 cycles, there were 4 symptom clusters(psychology-related,gastrointestinal reactions,damaged self-image and other chemothera-py-related). Conclusion Based on the trend of change of different symptom clusters,we can provide focused nurs-ing interventions to prevent and alleviate symptoms,and to improve quality of life.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of hematologic abnormalities in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) less than 55 years of age. METHODS: Medical records of twenty-three patients with RVO less than 55 years old were reviewed to evaluate the results of CBC, ESR, homocysteine, Protein C, Protein S, antithrombin III, anticardiolipin antibody, lupus anticoagulant and lipid profile. Patients were considered to have a positive test if the results were outside the laboratory's established range. RESULTS: Four patients had ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), 8 non-ischemic CRVO, and 11 branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). The prevalence of AT III and protein S deficiency were 4.3% and 13.0% respectively. The prevalence of homocystinemia, lupus anticoagulant, hyperlipidemia were 8.7%, 4.3% and 26.1% respectively. There was no positive finding in anticardiolipin antibody or protein C deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Hypercoagulability may play a role in the pathogenesis of RVO in patients less than 55 years old, especially in those who had no systemic risk factors. The authors recommend examining systemic risk factor evaluation and hematologic evaluation to rule out thrombophilia. Those who show positive findings should be given a consultation with a hematologist for the proper management.