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1.
Tropical Biomedicine ; : 122-129, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-886303

ABSTRACT

@#The aqueous extracts of thirty-four (34) tropical plants were tested in vitro for potential anti-marine leech (Zeylanicobdella arugamensis) activity. The anti-leech activity was determined by exposing 8 adult leeches (Z. arugamensis) (9.3 ± 1.5 mm, aged 15 days) to 20 μl of plant extract (0.5 g/ml) for 5 min in a 24-well plate. After 5 min of exposure, the leeches were rinsed and transferred into seawater, to enable them to revive from the effect of the extract. Leech movements were observed from time to time and the numbers of paralyzed or dead leeches were recorded at 5, 20, 30 and 240 min. The efficacy of the plant extract in killing the adult Z. arugamensis during the 5 min exposure is reflected on the anti-leech property of the extract. The anti-leech property of positive plant extracts was also determined at different exposure time (1, 3, 5 min) and dilutions (1/2 (0.25 g/ml), 1/5 (0.1 g/ml) and 1/10 (0.05 g/ml). The extracts of 4 plants (Melastoma malabathricum, Piper betle, Tetracera indica and Etlingera coccinea) demonstrated anti-leech activity. The effects of M. malabathricum, P. betle and E. coccinea extracts on the leeches were very rapid causing death as early as a few seconds upon exposure. However, all four positive plant extracts were found not effective in killing the leeches at 1/10 dilution (0.05 g/ml). A Scanning Electron Microscopy examination on leeches exposed to the positive plant extracts exhibited effects such as protruding proboscis and shrunken or swollen bodies.

2.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; (12): 473-477, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-950583

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the prevalence, phylogenetics and DNA barcoding of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Z. arugamensis) from crimson snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus), Jerejak Island, Penang, Malaysia. Methods Experiment was conducted with 200 fish specimens of cultured Lutjanus erythropterus from Jerejak Island, Penang, Peninsular Malaysia. The water temperature and length for each fish were measured prior to parasites examination. Next, the morphological identification of parasites was performed. Genomic DNA from parasites was extracted for further molecular analysis. After PCR amplification, phylogenetic tree was constructed. The lowest Bayesian information criterion scores showed that the most compatible model is Tajima and Nei. Finally, data sets of cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene sequence and trace file have been submitted to Barcode of Life Data System. Results The prevalence rate of Z. arugamensis was recorded to be 11.5%, and the intensity was 1.48. The low intensity was due to the water temperature recorded in this study (32.9–33.2 °C). All the individuals of Z. arugamensis recorded in this study showed a close relationship with species that were recorded in NCBI database (Z. arugamensis DQ414344, Aestabdella leiostomi DQ414305, Pterobdella amara DQ414334 and Cystobranchus meyeri DQ414315) but less relationship with Aestabdella abditovesiculata DQ414300. Finally, the DNA sequences submitted to Barcode of Life Data System in accordance to species have already obtained Barcode Index Number as BOLD: ACM3477. Conclusions This study has provided an overview of sequence divergence at cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene, DNA barcodes and parasite prevalence of Z. arugamensis.

3.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; (12): 473-477, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-686595

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the prevalence,phylogenetics and DNA barcoding of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Z arugamensis) from crimson snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus),Jerejak Island,Penang,Malaysia.Methods:Experiment was conducted with 200 fish specimens of cultured Ltttjanus erythropterus from Jerejak Island,Penang,Peninsular Malaysia.The water temperature and length for each fish were measured prior to parasites examination.Next,the morphological identification of parasites was periormed.Genomic DNA from parasites was extracted for further molecular analysis,After PCR amplification,phylogenetic tree was constructed.The lowest Bayesian information criterion scores showed that the most compatible model is Tajima and Nei.Finally,data sets of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene sequence and trace file have been submitted to Barcode of Life Data System.Results:The prevalence rate of Z arugamensis was recorded to be 11.5%,and the intensity was 1.48.The low intensity was due to the water temperature recorded in this study (32.9-33.2 ℃).All the individuals of Z arugamensis recorded in this study showed a close relationship with species that were recorded in NCBI database (Z.arugamensis DQ414344,Aestabdella leiostomi DQ414305,Pterobdella amara DQ414334 and Cystobranchus meyeri DQ414315) but less relationship with Aestabdella abditovesiculata DQ414300.Finally,the DNA sequences submitted to Barcode of Life Data System in accordance to species have already obtained Barcode Index Number as BOLD:ACM3477.Conclusions:This study has provided an overview of sequence divergence at cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene,DNA barcodes and parasite prevalence of Z arugamensis.

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