ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles. METHODS:Using fluorescent dye water-soluble carboxyl CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) as model drug, Man-PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex with different grafting rates(1∶3,1∶6)were formed through electrostatic adherence with PEI25k and Man-PEI25k. The distribution of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were observed by confocal microscopy after the treatment of microneedles,using free QD as control. The accumulative retention amounts of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer after PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex treated with mi-croneedles. RESULTS:The amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis were significantly higher than that of PEI25k/QD nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles in vivo;the amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD (1∶6) nanocom-plex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were significantly higher than that of Man-PEI25k/QD(1∶3)nanocomplex. In in vi-tro transdermal diffusion experiments,microneedles could increase the retention amounts of nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin significantly. The retention amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer were increased by 2 times of that of PEI25k/QD under the treatment of microneedles after 48 h;at the same time,in the dermis that was increased by 1.5 times,with statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Microneedles can improve the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex in active epidermal layer.
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Objective To understand the developmental effects induced by CdSe /ZnS quantum dots(QDs)on zebrafish embryos.Methods Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 16 nmol/L of CdSe /ZnS QDs,and the typical toxicological indexes were recorded at five time points respectively (24 hours post fertilization (hpf),48 hpf, 72 hpf,96 hpf,120 hpf).Results The results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC50 )for zebrafish embryos after 120 hpf was 21.38 nmol/L(95% CI =17.21 -26.57).The frequency of spontaneous movement in 60 seconds after 24 hpf,the frequency of heart beat in 60 seconds after 48 hpf,the hatching rate and the mortality rate were obviously affected by CdSe /ZnS QDs.Several abnormalities and toxic symptoms caused by CdSe /ZnS QDs at 8 nmol/L and 16 nmol/L were observed including pericardial edema,liver atrophy,non -depleted yolk,intestinal abnormal development and muscle degeneration after 120 hpf.Conclusion High level of CdSe /ZnS QDs (more than 8 nmol/L)could induce toxic effects on zebrafish embryonic development.
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Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) isolated from tamarind kernel powder was investigated for sustained release manners of salicylic acid drug. Tablet granules of salicylic acid were prepared, with two different grades of TSP and Cross linked TSP and embedded with chemically synthesized ZnS nanocrystals. Five different formulations made and the drug excipient mixtures were subjected to pre-formulation studies such as physicochemical studies, in vitro dissolution test, disintegration test, angle of repose and drug content. The physicochemical properties of tablets were found within the limits. Formulation F1 and F5 containing TSP and Cross linked were found to release the drug in sustained manner up to 24 hour and were stable under accelerated conditions of temperature for 6 months since there were no significant changes in drug content and physical parameters. This formulation was more comfortable to the user due to less erosion, faster and optimum pH of surrounding medium.
ABSTRACT
Quantum dots (QDs) have received considerable attention due to their potential role in photosensitization during photodynamic therapy. Although QDS are attractive nanomaterials due to their novel and unique physicochemical properties, concerns about their toxicity remain. We suggest a combination strategy, CdSe/ZnS QDs together with curcumin, a natural yellow pigment from turmeric, to reduce QD-induced cytotoxicity. The aim of this study was to explore a potentially effective cancer treatment: co-exposure of HL-60 cells and human normal lymphocytes to CdSe/ZnS QDs and curcumin. Cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and DNA damage induced by QDs and/or curcumin with or without ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation were evaluated in both HL-60 cells and normal lymphocytes. In HL-60 cells, cell death, apoptosis, ROS generation, and single/double DNA strand breaks induced by QDs were enhanced by treatment with curcumin and UVA irradiation. The protective effects of curcumin on cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS generation were observed in normal lymphocytes, but not leukemia cells. These results demonstrated that treatment with QD combined with curcumin increased cell death in HL-60 cells, which was mediated by ROS generation. However, curcumin acted as an antioxidant in cultured human normal lymphocytes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Death , Cell Survival , Curcuma , Curcumin , Dermatitis, Phototoxic , DNA , DNA Damage , HL-60 Cells , Leukemia , Lymphocytes , Nanostructures , Photochemotherapy , Photosensitivity Disorders , Quantum Dots , Reactive Oxygen SpeciesABSTRACT
Objective: To study the cytotoxic effect of the CdSe/ZnS quantum dots of different diameters on human malignant melanoma cell line A375, A375. s2 and normal human epidermal cell line HaCaT using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8), so as to study the influence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on growth of melanoma cells. Methods: Log phase A375, A375. s2 and HaCaT cells were plated into 96-well plates. After a 24 h incubation, the prepared QDs-605 and QDs-545 solutions of different concentrations (162, 81, 54, 40. 5, 27, 10. 125, 4. 05, 2. 025, and 1. 012 5 nmol/L) were added into the wells. After another 24 h incubation, CCK-8 was added into the well (10 μ1/well). Then the cytotoxicities of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the proliferation of A375, A375. s2 and HaCaT cells were determined by MTT assay. Results: We found that with the increase of QDs-605 and QDs-545 concentrations, the survival rates of A375, A375. s2 cells were decreased. A day after A375, A375. s2 cells were treated with different concentrations of QDs-605 and QDs-545, the cell survival rate was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05, P<0.01); however, different concentrations of QDs-605 and QDs-545 did not inhibit the proliferation of HaCaT cells. Conclusion: CdSe/Zns quantum dots have inhibitory effect on the growth of human malignant melanoma cell line A375, A375. s2, and have no noticeable effect on normal human epidermal cell line HaCaT.