Vascular Spectrum of Imaging Findings in COVID-19: Ischemic, Hemorrhagic, and Thromboembolic Complications

Abstract Ischemic strokes secondary to occlusion of large vessels have been described in patients with COVID-19. Also, venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism have been related to the disease. Vascular occlusion may be associated with a prothrombotic state due to COVID-19-related coagulopathy and endotheliopathy. Intracranial hemorrhagic lesions can additionally be seen in these patients. The causative mechanism of hemorrhage could be associated with anticoagulant therapy or factors such as coagulopathy and endotheliopathy. We report on cases of ischemic, thrombotic, and hemorrhagic complications in six patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed typical SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia findings in all the cases, which were all confirmed by either serology or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests.

Application of oscillating chemical fingerprint technology combined with mathematical analysis method in quality control analysis of traditional Chinese medicine and food / 中国中药杂志

Oscillating chemical fingerprint is a nonlinear dynamic fingerprint technology that reflects the overall redox activity of the entire system based on potential-time changes in multi-stage chemical reactions. This article summarizes the application of oscillating chemical fingerprint technology combined with mathematical analysis method in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicine and food in recent years, including similarity analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and other qua-litative analysis methods, as well as linear, logarithmic, exponential, polynomial, multivariate analysis and other quantitative analysis methods, so as to provide meaningful information for further quality control analysis of the oscillation chemical fingerprint technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine and food.

Efecto de un tratamiento experimental de una superficie sobre la resistencia flexural en una zirconia Y-TZP / Effect of an experimental surface treatment on Y-TZP zirconia flexural strength

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el efecto del microgranallado superficial como tratamiento experimental de regeneración, en la resistencia flexural y esfuerzos residuales de una Zirconia Y-TZP, una vez ha sido alterada con otros tratamientos mecánicos como microarenado y fresado. Métodos: Un total de 75 probetas de Zirconia Y-TZP fueron divididas en cinco grupos n=15 y sometidas a tratamientos de superficie así: fresado y microarenado (Grupos 2 y 4) microarenado + microgranallado y fresado + microgranallado (Grupos 3 y 5), y comparadas con un grupo control (Grupo 1), mediante Difracción de Rayos X (DRX), Microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), Microscopía confocal (CLSM) y sometida a falla en máquina universal de ensayos. Resultados: Los grupos de microgranallado y microarenado presentaron un aumento significativo de la resistencia flexural p=0.0082 con relación al grupo de fresado. Las mediciones mediante DRX no mostraron relación estadística con los cambios en la resistencia flexural. Significancia: Es posible que el microgranallado se considere un tratamiento para regenerar las propiedades mecánicas reducidas por fresado o arenado en la Zirconia Y-TZP.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the effect of surface micro shot peening as an experimental regeneration treatment on the flexural strength and residual stresses of a Y-TZP Zirconia, once it has been altered with other mechanical treatments such as micro sandblasting and milling. Methods: A total of 75 Zirconia Y-TZP specimens were divided into five n = 15 groups and subjected to surface treatments such as: milling and micro sandblasting (Groups 2 and 4) micro sandblasting + micro shot peening; and milling + micro shot peening (Groups 3 and 5), compared to a control group (Group 1), by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy (CLSM) and subjected to failure in a universal testing machine. All the results were compared to find a statistical relationship between them using a mixed linear model and Tuckey. Results: The groups of micro shot peening and micro sandblasting presented a significant increase of the flexural strength p = 0.0082 vs the milling group. The XRD technique is not related to flexural strength measurements. Significance: It is possible that the micro shot peening be considered a treatment to regenerate the mechanical properties reduced by milling or sandblasting in Zirconia Y-TZP.

Research progress on chemical composition, analytical methods, and pharmacological effects of Ophiopogon polysaccharides / 药物评价研究

The main ingredients of Ophiopogonjaponicas include steroidal saponins,flavonoids,polysaccharides,and so on,but the research on polysaccharides is relatively less.This particle will mainly review the chemical composition,analytical methods,and pharmacological effects of Ophiopogon polysaccharides.The Ophiopogon polysaccharides contain a variety of substances,such as MDG-1,Md-1,Md-2,OJP-1,etc;The main analysis methods were sulfuric acid method,phenol-sulfuric acid method,3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) colorimetric method,and near-infrared spectroscopy combined with partial least squares regression method.Ophiopogon polysaccharides can effectively improve the cardiovascular system diseases,with antihypoxia,anti-inflammatory,antitumor,anti-oxidation,and other pharmacological effects.

Research progress on analytical method and preparation technology of salvianolic acids / 药物评价研究

Salvianolic acid is the water soluble extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza,and it can improve the blood circulation of the brain and improve the cognitive disorder of depression,anti-inflammation,anti-tumor and so on.At present,the research on its technology is relatively less.This particle will mainly review the research progress of analytical methods,extraction and purification technology of salvianolic acids.The main analysis methods used for salvianolic acids include UV spectrophotometry,near-infrared spectroscopy,quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS),colorimetry and so on.The extraction process is mainly heating reflux extraction and warm soaking method,percolation method,enzymatic extraction,etc.The purification process is macroporous resin purification,ZnCl2 precipitation method,ultrafiltration and so on.

Research progress on analytical method and preparation technology of salvianolic acids / 药物评价研究

Salvianolic acid is the water soluble extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza,and it can improve the blood circulation of the brain and improve the cognitive disorder of depression,anti-inflammation,anti-tumor and so on.At present,the research on its technology is relatively less.This particle will mainly review the research progress of analytical methods,extraction and purification technology of salvianolic acids.The main analysis methods used for salvianolic acids include UV spectrophotometry,near-infrared spectroscopy,quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS),colorimetry and so on.The extraction process is mainly heating reflux extraction and warm soaking method,percolation method,enzymatic extraction,etc.The purification process is macroporous resin purification,ZnCl2 precipitation method,ultrafiltration and so on.

Analysis of the Utilization of Opioid Analgesic Drugs in 29 Hospitals of Qingdao District / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the dosage and consumption sum of opioid analgesic drug in Qingdao district. METH-ODS:The consumption data of drugs in 29 public hospitals at secondary or above level in Qingdao district were analyzed statistical-ly by ABC analytic methods and defined daily dose methods. RESULTS:In ABC analysis,5 kinds of class A drugs accounted for 20% of the total number of species,and the percentage of consumption sum was 77.38%;4 kinds of class B drugs accounted for 16.00% of all species numbers,and the percentage of consumption sum was 11.98%;other 16 kinds of drugs accounted for 64.00% of the total number of species,and the percentage of consumption sum was 10.64%. Oxycodone sustained-release tablets and Morphine sustained-release tablets with the highest DDDs consumed more health care costs,serial number ratio was 1.00,syn-chronization was good and conform to the actual needs of clinical work. CONCLUSIONS:The composition ratio of opioid analge-sic drug costs is consistent with the theoretical value,significant discrepancy between cost and DDDs does not appear.

Detection of disease-causing gene in a Hui congential cataract pedigree by exon combined target region capture sequencing chip / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Congenital cataract is an important cause of blindness and amblyopia in children,and about 50％ of congenital cataract is hereditary.Objective The aim of this study was to determine the diseasecausing gene of one Hui congenital cataract pedigree by using exon combined target region capture sequencing chip of eye diseases.Methods This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Ningxia People's Hospital and followed Declaration of Helsinki.One Hui congenital cataract pedigree was recruited in Ningxia Eye Hospital in 2011.All the disease history of the members in this family were collected and recorded,and the eye examinations were performed.The peripheral blood specimens were collected from family members and 300 healthy individuals for the extraction of DNA.Exon combined target region capture sequencing chip of eye diseases was used to screen the candidate diseasecausing mutations,then PCR and direct sequencing were used to confirm the disease-causing mutations.Results This H ui family included 61 members of 6 generations,and 18 patients were diagnosed in serial 5 passages,conforming to autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.Among 18 cataract patients,7 individuals were associated with nystagmus and strabismus,and 4 patients had high myopia.Eight candidate pathogenetic mutations were detected by exon combined target region capture sequencing chip of eye diseases and bioinformatics method,with 5 mutations in noncoding regions and 3 in coding regions.The mutation P24T of CYRGD gene was confirmed as pathogenic mutation of this pedigree by using PCR and direct sequencing methods.These mutations co-segregated with affected members of the family,and the mutations were not found in the unaffected family members and 300 unrelated controls.Conclusions P24T of CYRGD gene mutation is confirmed as pathogenic mutation of this pedigree.Exon combined target region capture sequencing chip provides a new approach to detect disease-causing mutations of congenital cataract with diversity clinical phenotypes.

Chemical compsition and pharmacological action of jojoba:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Jojoba(the plant belonging to Simmondsiaceae)seeds are not only a kind of global special oil resources but also a type of good folk medicines because they are riched in jojoba oil and simmondsin and have many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory effect,food inhibitor and promoting-antibiosis. The paper reviews the studies on jojoba chemical compositim, extraction and purification,detection and analysis methods,pharmacological activity and dosage development,in order to provide reference for further research and application.

Study Status of Quality Control and Analysis Methods for Vitamin C Injections / 中国药师

Vitamin C injections are a national essential drug with wide clinical applications and instable property. In order to pro-vide the reference for further analysis on the quality status of vitamin C injections and improve the quality,the research on the stability, quality control and analysis methods was summarized in the study.

Chemical compsition and pharmacological action of jojoba: Research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Jojoba (the plant belonging to Simmondsiaceae) seeds are not only a kind of global special oil resources but also a type of good folk medicines because they are riched in jojoba oil and simmondsin and have many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory effect, food inhibitor and promoting-antibiosis. The paper reviews the studies on jojoba chemical compositim,extraction and purification,detection and analysis methods, pharmacological activity and dosage development, in order to provide reference for further research and application.

Función endotelial y estados hipertensivos del embarazo: Velocidad de la onda del pulso carótido-radial como método alternativo para detectar disfunción endotelial en embarazadas

Resumen La preeclampsia constituye una causa mayor de morbimortalidad materno-fetal que cursa con una disfunción endotelial (DFE) generalizada. Detectar la DFE subclínica durante el embarazo contribuiría en su identificación precoz y anticiparía su tratamiento. Se ha propuesto utilizar los cambios en la velocidad de la onda del pulso carótido-radial (VOPcr) para evaluar la DFE en pacientes con enfermedad arterial. Sin embargo, se desconocen los alcances de dicha técnica en la evaluación de la DFE durante el embarazo. Objetivo: evaluar y comparar los cambios de la VOPcr en embarazadas y mujeres no embarazadas. Material y método: participaron embarazadas sanas (ES; n = 13), preeclámpticas (PE; n = 7), hipertensas sin proteinuria (HNP; n = 6) y mujeres no embarazadas (NE; n = 32). Se cuantificó la VOPcr (mecanotransductores), el diámetro arterial braquial (ultrasonido) y la velocidad sanguínea braquial (Doppler) antes (basal) y después de realizar un estímulo isquémico (esfigmomanometría). Resultados: la VOPcr disminuyó en ES (6,9 ± 1,5 a 6,0 ± 0,9 m/s, p < 0,001) y en NE (8,1 ± 0,9 a 7,4 ± 0,9 m/s; p < 0,001); no se obtuvieron cambios en HNP (6,6 ± 1,4 a 6,7 ± 1,0 m/s; p = 0,91) y en PE se observó una tendencia al aumento (6,0 ± 0,7 a 6,4 ± 0,8 m/s; p = 0,10). El DVOPcr% (porcentaje de cambio de la VOPCr basal versus postisquemia) fue distinto comparando ES con HNP (-11,9% versus +2,2%; p < 0,01), con NE (-11,9% versus -8,5%; p < 0,05) y con PE (-11,9 versus +6,2%; p < 0,01), respectivamente, sin encontrar diferencias entre HNP y PE (p = 1,00). Conclusión: las ES mostraron una reactividad vascular aumentada respecto a NE y HNP/PE evaluada por DVOPcr%, evidenciando en HNP/PE una respuesta vascular alterada. La VOPcr podría desempeñar un importante rol en el estudio de la DFE durante el embarazo, con una potencial aplicación clínica en la predicción de la preeclampsia.

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry: Advances in High Resolution Analysis

Over the past 40 years, flow cytometry has emerged as a leading, application-rich technology that supports high-resolution characterization of individual cells which function in complex cellular networks such as the immune system. This brief overview highlights advances in multiparameter flow cytometric technologies and reagent applications for characterization and functional analysis of cells modulating the immune network. These advances significantly support high-throughput and high-content analyses and enable an integrated understanding of the cellular and molecular interactions that underlie complex biological systems.

Observación y análisis de las experiencias del alumnado en educación física escolar: procedimiento para la observación y análisis de juegos motores / Observation and analysis of the experiences of physical education students in school: procedure for the observation and analysis of game engines

Si entendemos que la calidad de la enseñanza está en la calidad de las experiencias por las que pasa el estudiante, deberemos definir cuáles son los principios pedagógicos que consideramos “interesantes” y tratar de acercarnos a qué supone para el alumnado participar en la lección (o conjunto de lecciones) propuestas. En este documento se intenta mostrar algunos de los principios que orientan las prácticas del Grupo Incorpora, así como algunos de los procedimientos de observación y análisis que seguimos para intentar aproximarnos a las experiencias que el alumnado vive en nuestras lecciones de Educación Física Escolar, y más concretamente en las que desarrollan el tema de juegos motoresreglados. A este procedimiento lo denominamos “análisis integral” de los juegos en Educación Física Escolar y en él se intenta atender a procesos personales, a dimensiones estructurales, culturales y didácticas.

If we believe that a quality teaching depends on the quality of students’ experiences, we have first to define which pedagogical principles we consider as interesting, as well as we have to get a closer view of what participation in the lessons means to the students. This paper try to show some of the pedagogical principles defended Revista Educaciónby Grupo Incorpora, as well as some research processes we follow in order to approach to student experiences in our Physical Education lessons and more particularly, in lessons focused on games. We name this approach “multidimensional analysis”, which includes personal processes, structural aspects, cultural dimensions and educational implications.

Fatores que afetam a disponibilidade do fósforo e o manejo da adubação fosfatada em solos sob sistema plantio direto / Factors affecting the phosphorus availability and the fertilization management in no-tillage system

A compreensão dos fenômenos básicos da dinâmica do fósforo no solo é importante para a tomada de decisão sobre a necessidade de adição e para a definição das doses e dos modos de aplicação de fertilizantes fosfatados. As formas e o grau de labilidade do fósforo variam com as características e propriedades do solo. Em solos jovens, os fosfatos de cálcio são os principais fornecedores de fósforo aos organismos vivos. Por outro lado, em solos altamente intemperizados, a biociclagem dos fosfatos orgânicos assume grande importância na manutenção da biodisponibilidade, embora não seja suficiente para a obtenção da máxima produtividade econômica das culturas comerciais. Nos solos tropicais e subtropicais cultivados, o controle dos teores de fósforo em solução é feito predominantemente pelo fosfato adsorvido aos grupos funcionais dos colóides inorgânicos. O diagnóstico da disponibilidade de fósforo é feito pela análise de solos por diferentes metodologias, cada uma com suas vantagens e limitações. A tomada de decisão em adicionar ou não fosfatos ao solo e a definição da dose a ser aplicada dependem muito mais da calibração, baseada na relação entre os teores de fósforo extraídos e a produtividade das plantas, do que do método de extração. A elevação dos níveis de disponibilidade de fósforo até a faixa ótima pode ser feita de forma corretiva ou gradativa. A adubação corretiva com incorporação em todo o volume de solo é mais eficiente e, talvez, a única alternativa para a correção da carência de fósforo do solo das camadas subsuperficias. A aplicação superficial de fertilizantes fosfatados no sistema plantio direto parece não ser uma boa alternativa econômica e pode se tornar um problema ambiental. Desse modo, devem-se intensificar as pesquisas enfocando, entre outras: (a) as frações de fósforo no solo e a produtividade das culturas; (b) as formas de aplicação dos fertilizantes fosfatados no solo sob sistema plantio direto; (c) as relações entre...

The basic phenomena of phosphorus dynamics in soil is important to define the rate and application manners of phosphates fertilizers. The forms and availability of phosphorus vary with the soil characteristics and properties. In young soils, the calcium phosphates are the main source to organisms. On the other hand, in highly weathered soils the organic phosphorus cycling assumes great importance in the maintenance of the biological bioavailability, although it is insufficient to economical crop productivity. In tropical and subtropical cultivated soils, the soil phosphorus in solution is controlled by phosphorus adsorbed at functional groups of inorganic colloids. The phosphorus diagnosis is made by soils analysis at different methodologies, each one with their advantages and limitations. The decision on adding phosphate and to the rate define is more dependent on the calibration between the value extracted with the crop yield than the extraction method. The elevation of phosphorus availability can be made in corrective or gradual addition. The corrective fertilization is more efficient, and maybe the only alternative, for phosphorus deficiency correction in deeper soil layers. The correction of phosphorus deficiency in deeper layers after the no-tillage system adoption is difficult. The superficial phosphate application in no-tillage seems not to be a good economical alternative and can become an environmental problem. The research must be intensified focusing among others: (a) phosphorus fractions in soil and crop yield; (b) phosphates fertilizers application in no-tillage system; (c) relation of phosphorus availability with exchangeable aluminum and compacted soil layers in soil deep; (d) monitoring of transferred phosphate from soil to aquatic systems.

Statistical analysis plans optimization of TCM clinical research / 中华中医药杂志

Statistical analysis plan (SAP) is an important guidance document in clinical research which is intended to be a comprehensive and detailed description of the methods and presentation of data analyses proposed for a clinical research. The analysis plan will be completed after finalising the protocol and should be finalised before treatment unblinding, to provide full details, even to the extent of including templates of tables, listings and figures to be presented in the statistical report. Any changes between the methods in the protocol and analysis plan will be explained in the analysis plan. In order to improve the quality of TCM clinical research, it is need to optimize the SAP. Considerations in optimizing the SAP include: determine the analysis sets and analysis variables, select analysis methods and statistical software.