ABSTRACT
@#Primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)is the most common type of glaucoma in clinical. It is characterized by progressive and irreversible development with high global incidence and high possibility of blindness. The pathogenesis of PACG is complicated. It is not only associated with the abnormality of the ocular anatomy, such as the small cornea, short eye axis and shallow anterior chamber, but also found that the abnormality of the lens, iris, ciliary body and choroid are related to the pathogenesis of PACG in recent years. Moreover, the occurrence of PACG is also closely related to genetic and psychological stress factors. Our study summarized some literatures and made a brief discussion on the pathogenesis of PACG from the three aspects of anatomical characteristics, genetic factors, and psychological stress. We hope to provide useful theoretical support for the early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the outcomes of standard endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with complex neck anatomical features.Methods:Clinical data of AAA patients received standard EVAR from Jan 2004 to Dec 2018 were retrospectively collected. Based on pre-operative computed tomography angiography (CTA) data, patients were divided into complex neck group and non-complex neck group to compare the results between them.Results:There were 88 patients (66.2%) in complex neck group and 45 patients (33.8%) in non-complex group. There was no significant difference in peri-operative characters (blood loss, contrast volume used, hospital stay time, technical success rate) and follow-up results (late re-intervention, late endoleak, aneurysm enlargement, survival rate),all P>0.05.Multivariant logistic regression analysis revealed neck diameter larger than 31 mm was related with late re-intervention ( OR=24.975, P=0.02). Conclusion:Standard EVAR for AAA with complex neck characters does not cause higher perioperative complications and less favorable long term survival rate.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to develop effective dental hygiene chews for cats based on the anatomical features of the dentition and patterns of chewing motion. All cats were volunteered for dental prophylaxis followed by dental impressions using yellow stone and alginate under general anesthesia. Twenty parameters related to dentition were defined in order to compare dental impressions using digital caliper. For the chewing motion study, patterns of chewing motion were identified based on recordings made with a digital camera. Ten cats (4 domestic shorthairs, 2 Russian blues, 1 American shorthair, 1 Persian, 1 Turkish Angora, and 1 Devon Rex) were recruited for the study. The parameters related to teeth and oral size were similar among the studied cats. Chewing motion can be described as more of a guillotine-like motion rather than a crushing motion, with cats chewing 3–7 times before swallowing. The chewing pattern of cats involves shearing for a short period of time followed by immediate swallowing. Therefore, the overall size of the dental hygiene chew could be determined based on the measurement of the oral size for inducing chewing. The surface details of the dental hygiene chew could be designed for prevention and removal of dental calculus and plaque in cats considering the anatomical teeth parameters. Dental hygiene chews customized for cats considering the different anatomical features of their teeth might be effective for oral care.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Anesthesia, General , Deglutition , Dental Calculus , Dental Prophylaxis , Dentition , Gingiva , Mastication , Oral Hygiene , Periodontal Diseases , ToothABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the dosimetric differences of one RapidPlan Model on different Radiotherapy devices.Methods A RapidPlan Model was built based on 30 reoptimization IMRT plans of cervical cancer patients on typeA LA.Dosimetric differences of automatic optimized IMRT plans using this model on 4 different type LAs,named respectivelyA,B,C andD,were compared with 12 test cervical cancer cases.These four LAs were well commissioned in the treatment planning system (TPS).Student t test was applied for statistical analysis on dosimetric differences.Results Dosimetric differences between A vs.B,C and D were observed on Dmean,HI,CI of PTV50 and PTV45,as well as on V50,V40,V30 of rectum and bladder.Significant dosimetric differences were observed between A and D (P<0.05).Conclusions Automatic planning with RapidPlan model may result in dosimetric differences on different Radiotherapy devices.These differences should be aware of with caution in its clinical application.
ABSTRACT
Introducción. Las alteraciones del conducto onfalomesentérico son un grupo de entidades raras; la presentación más frecuente es el divertículo del íleo o de Merckel, el cual se consi-dera una anormalidad congénita del tubo digestivo. Objetivo. Describir las características anatómicas del divertículo del íleo hallado en una pieza anatómica de un adulto en el Laboratorio de Morfología de la Universidad de Boyacá. Métodos. Se llevaron a cabo la revisión de literatura, el análisis macroscópico de la pieza anatómica, el análisis de los resultados y las conclusiones. Resultados. El divertículo del íleo, localizado a 86 cm de la válvula ileocecal, midió, en su mayor longitud, 7 cm; en su menor longitud, 5,5 cm; en su base, 4 cm, y en su diámetro medio, 3 cm. Conclusiones. Las características anatómicas fueron similares a las reportadas en la litera-tura científica. Esta enfermedad puede manifestarse por síntomas y signos comunes, como dolor abdominal, hemorragia digestiva baja y cuadros de obstrucción intestinal, originando errores diagnósticos y tratamientos tardíos, lo que conduce a una elevada mortalidad.El resultado de esta investigación constituye un elemento importante en la construcción de material disponible para la enseñanza de la anatomía humana en los estudiantes de pregra-do, permitiendo orientar de forma específica el diagnóstico y el manejo de esta enfermedad.
Introduction: Omphalomesenteric duct abnormalities are a rare entity group, the most fre-quent being the ileal diverticulum (Meckel>s diverticulum), which is considered a congenital abnormality of the digestive tract. Objective:To describe the Meckel diverticulum anatomical features found on an anatomical adult specimen at the Morphology Laboratory of the Universidad de Boyacá. Methods:Literature review, macroscopic analysis of the anatomical structure, analysis of results and conclusions. Results: Meckel's diverticulum size was: length larger from the anterior edge of the ilium (to 86 cm from the ileocecal junction) to the Meckel diverticulum vertex of 7 cm, length shorter from the anterior edge of the ilium (to 90 cm from the ileocecal junction) to the Meckel diverticulum vertex of 5.5 cm, 4 cm base and average diameter of 3 cm. It was located at 86 cm from the ileocecal valve. Conclusions: The anatomical features are similar to those reported in literature. This patho-logy may be manifested through symptoms and common signs like abdominal pain, lower gastrointestinal bleeding and symptoms of intestinal obstruction, originating wrong diagno-sis and delayed treatment, which leads to a high mortality rate. The result of this research is important to the material creation available for the human anatomy teaching to the under-graduate students, guiding specifically the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.