Focus on the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of fungal endophthalmitis / 中华实验眼科杂志

Fungal endophthalmitis is a kind of severe ocular infectious disease with poor prognosis.The damage degree of fungal endophthalmitis to ocular tissues is due to the fungi's destructivity,delayed diagnosis and non-standardized therapy.Early and proper intervention is crucial for saving visual function.There are different features of risk factors,pathogens and clinical presentations in exogenous infection and endogenous infection.Different key points of theraputic approaches should be identified to achieve early diagnosis and effective treatment,such as reasonably selecting the right type of antifungal drugs,different ways of administration,appropriate drug dose or surgical method.In the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis,the application of glucocorticoid is controversial,and the use of local or systemic glucocorticoid should be avoided as far as possible.

Synthesis and antifungal, antibacterial properties of some 4-fluorothiourea derivatives

Perform total research 4-fluoroisothiocyanat by dithiocarbamat method, test antibacterial, anti fungus effect by dilute in slate method. Result showed: by response between 4-fluoroanilin and CS2 in ammoniac environment get 4-fluorophenyl dithiocarbamat, which response with lead get 4-fluoro-isothiocyanat. 4-fluorothioure partial towards antifungus, weakly effect in test bacterium

Antifungi of Euphorbia humifusa extract and its effect on ultrastructure of dermatophytes / 中草药

Objective By measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of Euphorbia humifusa extract in vitro to examine its antifungal effect and observe the effect of E.humifusa extract on the ultrastructure of dermatophytes,so as to explore the potential mechanism of its antifungal action.Methods Appling the standard approved by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS): Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi(M38-A) to investigating the MICs of E.humifusa extract against 60 strains of common clinical dermatophytes.Treated the sample with the routine method,the ultrastructure of dermatophytes was observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Results The mean MIC of E.humifusa extract against Trichophyton rubrum was 446 ?g/mL;The mean MIC of E.humifusa extract against Trichophyton mentagrophytes was 539 ?g/mL. After exposing to E.humifusa extract,cell surface wrinkled,and folds and cell breakage were observed under SEM.The cell wall was incomplete,the thickness of cell wall became uneven,the density of the cell wall decreased,and the cell membrane became discontinuous with TEM observation.The organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were deeply damaged.The cytoplasma was aggregated and some high density electron light areas as well as vacuoles were formed.Conclusion E.humifusa extract has a strong antifungal effect which could obviously change the conformation and the ultrastructure of dermatophytes.

Effect of Macleaya cordata alkaloids on five skin fungus / 中成药

AIM:To research inhibitory effects of plumepoppy (Macleaya cordata) extract on dermophytosis. METHODS:A series of experimental methods,including agar hole method,plate dilution method and solid medium dilution method were initiated into pathogenic organism of skin disease,including Trichophyton rubrum(Tru),Trichophyton schoenleini(Ts),Trichophyton rosaceum(Tro),Trichophyton mentagrophytes(Tm),and Epidermophyton floccosum(Ep) to determinate in vitro antibacterial Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) by plumepoppy extract that macerated with acidic water (pH = 3). RESULTS:Macleaya cordata alkaloids had significant effect on these five kinds of skin fungi. The MIC of Tru,Ts,Ep was 1. 6 mg/mL; The MIC of Tro and Tm was 0. 8 mg/ mL. CONCLUSION:The plumepoppy extract has anti-fungus activaties,with the increasing concentration,the inhibition effect rapidly goes up.

Screening and identification of an anti-bacterial and cytotoxic marine halophilic strain XD20 / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To isolate and screen the active marine microorganisms from East China Sea and to identify the phenotypes of the isolated active strains.Methods: The samples were widely collected from East China Sea and the active strains were screened out through an anti-bacterial model and a cytotoxic model.The isolated strains were subjected to phenotypical study,salt-aggregation test and rDNA ITS sequencing.Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were drawn by comparing the results of rDNA ITS sequencing with sequences of described species in the BLAST server of the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI).One of the strains,subsequently named XD20,was identified to species level.Results: XD20,a halophilic strain with a highest tolerable salt concentration of 10.0% and suitable concentration range of 2.5% to 7.5%,was collected and isolated on the site of C01(122?26′30″,30?43′48″) 30 meters under water.XD20 showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Candida albicans and a cytotoxic activity toward SMMC7721 and HeLa cells.XD20 produced arthroconidia by mycelium break and the arthroconidia had similar size and morphology to those of Wallemia sebi.rDNA ITS sequencing showed that the sequence of XD20 had a higher similarity to those of Wallemia sebi and the differences were located in ITS1 and ITS2 areas,both belong to variable region.Conclusion: XD20,an active halophilic strain fungus,has been obtained from the sea for the first time,and has been identified to be Wallemia sebi(Fr.) Arx.