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The limited penetration of nanoparticles and their poor accessibility to cancer cell fractions in tumor remain essential challenges for effective anticancer therapy. Herein, we designed a targeting peptide-decorated biomimetic lipoprotein (termed as BL-RD) to enable their deep penetration and efficient accessibility to cancer cell fractions in a tumor, thereby improving the combinational chemo-photodynamic therapy of triple negative breast cancer. BL-RD was composed of phospholipids, apolipoprotein A1 mimetic peptide (PK22), targeting peptide-conjugated cytotoxic mertansine (RM) and photodynamic agents of DiIC18(5) (DiD). The counterpart biomimetic lipoprotein system without RM (termed as BL-D) was fabricated as control. Both BL-D and BL-RD were nanometer-sized particles with a mean diameter of less than 30 nm and could be efficiently internalized by cancer cells. After intravenous injection, they can be specifically accumulated at tumor sites. When comparing to the counterpart BL-D, BL-RD displayed superior capability to permeate across the tumor mass, extravasate from tumor vasculature to distant regions and efficiently access the cancer cell fractions in a solid tumor, thus producing noticeable depression of the tumor growth. Taken together, BL-RD can be a promising delivery nanoplatform with prominent tumor-penetrating and cancer cells-accessing capability for effective tumor therapy.
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[Objective] The retrospective study was designed to analyze the dynamic relationship between the Apolipoprotein A 1,B100 and the progression of coronary artery lesion.[Methods] Patients who underwent the second coronary angiography or coronary 320-slice CTA at a minimum review interval of 6 months after their first examinations in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2010 to 2015 (n =245),were divided into non progress group (n =114) and progress group (n =131).We compared the differences of clinical and Biochemical data between two groups,and tried to find out the relationship by Logistic Regression analysis.[Results] The baseline levels of APOA1 (1.33 ± 0.29 vs 1.24 ± 0.25,P =0.015),APOA1/AOPB100(1.56 ± 0.65 vs 1.38 ± 0.44,P =0.014)in non progress group were higher than those in progress group.The baseline levels of APOB 100 were similar in both groups.The follow-up levels of APOA1 were higher than the baseline levels in both groups,the variation was significant in progress group (1.24 -± 0.25 vs 1.31 ± 0.28,P =0.006).The levels of APOA1 and APOA1/APOB100 were correlated with progression of coronary artery lesion negatively in single-variate logistic regression analysis.The level of APOA 1 (OR =0.245,P =0.005) was correlated with progression of coronary artery lesion negatively in multivariate logistic regression analysis.[Conclusions] APOA1 may has the effect of delaying the progression of coronary artery lesion,and may predict the progression of coronary artery lesion.
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Objective To investigate the influence of lipid metabolic markers on hip osteoarthritis (OA) and the correlation with the pain of hip.Methods In this retrospectively cross sectional analysis,393 subjects fufilling the inclusive criteria were continuously included from June 2013 to September 2014.The presentation of hip X-ray of subjects were classified into OA group and non-OA group in terms of Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale,the subjects with Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L)≥2 was classified into OA group.The average of age in total was (62±9) years.There were 183 males and 210 females,the number of patients with OA was 182.There were 210 patients with hypertension and 118 patients with diabetes while the number of smoking patients was 74.The demographic information,risk factors,blood pressure,blood glucose,lipid metabolic markers were analyzed.Differences in proportions were compared using the Chi-square test.Difterences in continuous variables were tested for statistical significance using t test analysis.VAS score was used to evaluate the severity of hip pain.Independent risk factors were confirmed by using multiple logistic regression analysis.The correlation between the risk factors and severity of hip pain was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results Statistically significance existed in age (t=-4.849),sex (x2=8.946),BMI (t=-4.794),hypertension (x2=4.751),smoking (x2=7.062),metabolic syndrome (x2=34.406),apolipoprotein A1 (t=2.352),apolipoprotein B (t=-6.870),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (t=2.519),triglyceride (t=-4.652) and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (t=-4.901) between OA group and non OA group.Age [OR =1.060(1.033,1.086)],metabolic syndrome [OR=3.682(2.284,5.938)] and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio [OR=5.743(2.393,13.785)] were the independent risk factors.The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio had positive correlation with the severity of hip pain(r=0.379).Conclusion ApoB/ApoA1 ratio is the independent risk factor of hip osteoarthritis,and has positive correlation with the severity of hip pain.The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio should be monitored in hip osteoarthritis patients in clinical work,to get the relief of pain and improve hip osteoarthritis.
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Objective To investigate the features of risk factors of minor stroke with CISS classification in Guangdong Province. Methods We retrospectively investigated the patients admitted within 3 days of the occurrence of a minor stroke, and were classified by CISS criteria as large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardiogenic stroke (CS), penetrating artery disease (PAD), other etiology (OE), undetermined etiology (UE). Results In this study, 303 pa-tients met the inclusion criteria of minor stroke. The highest percentage of the risk factors included hypertension (72.3%), hyperlipidemia (58.3%), and diabetes mellitus (39.9%). Among different subtypes, 41.9% were diagnosed with LAA, and 50.8% with PAD. Plasma triglyceride (TG)(1.765 ±1.18)mg/L vs.(2.19 ±1.84)mg/L,P=0.03], apolipoproteinsB (ApoB) [(0.95±0.29)mg/L vs.(1.11±0.46)mg/L,P=0.009]C-reactive protein (CRP) [(6.63±11.30) mg/L vs.(3.42 ±5.02)mg/L,P=0.042] and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio [(0.754 ±0.25)mg/L vs.(0.875 ±0.49)mg/L,P=0.019], differed significantly between group LAA and PAD. Conclusion Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors of minor stroke. The most common subtypes of the minor stroke patients in Guangdong Province are LAA and PAD, and detecting their TG, apoB, CRP level and apoB/apoA1 ratio might help subclassify minor stroke according to CISS.
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Objective To explore the relationship between ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the common carotid arterial intima -media thickness (CCA IMT)among obese children.Methods A total of 53 obese children in the Zhuji People's hospital outpatient were enrolled as obese group.Other 59 no -obese healthy children were recruited as control group.Serum fasting glUAose (FG),fasting insulin (FI),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL -C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL -C),lipoprotein A,apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1 ), apolipoprotein B (ApoB),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate amino transferase (AST),and uric acid (UA) were measured in the clinical laboratory.Body mass index (BMI),waist to hipline (W/H)ratio,ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, insulin resistance by homeostasis model (HOMA -IR),and βcell function by homeostasis model (HOMA -β)were calculated.The common carotid arterial IMT of obese children was measured by B -mode ultrasound.All factors between two groups were compared by independent t test.The differences between the two groups were compared,and the correlation between CCA IMT and other factors in obesity group was analyzed by stepwise multiple regression model.Results In the obese group,lg(ALT),lg(AST),lg(UA),ln(10*TG),TC,LDL -C,ApoB,ApoB/ApoA1,lg(HOMA -β), and ln(10* HOMA -IR)were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05,respectively)while HDL -C and ApoA1 in obese group were lower than those in control group (P <0.01,respectively).Bivariate correlation analysis showed that CCA IMT was inversely correlated with ApoA1 and positively correlated with ApoB/ApoA1,lg(ALT),and lg (AST)(P <0.05,respectively).Analysis using multiple regression method showed that ApoB/ApoA1 was positively correlated with CCA IMT in these obese children (P <0.05 ).Conclusion In obese children,ApoB /ApoA1 was the independent determinant of CCA IMT,which may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis early in life.
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Objective To study the correlation between nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH) and ApoA1 polymorphism of blood stasis type.Methods Totally 93 cases of NONFH were selected as the case group, and 83 healthy volunteers were randomly selected as the control group. With TCM constitution questionnaire survey, the case group was screened out 32 cases of blood stasis NONFH type and 61 cases of non blood stasis NONFH type. In the case group and control group, the subjects took blood samples 2 mL, extracted DNA for PCR amplification, PCR products for DNA sequencing. G994T PAF-AH and rs9658282 gene NOS1 site polymorphism were detected for tatistical analysis.Results -75G/A gene AA ApoA1 genotype (OR: 2.578; 95%CI: 1.174-5.663;P=0.018) and A allele (OR: 1.726; 95%CI: 1.121-2.658;P=0.013) may be one of the risk factors of NONFH.Conclusion -75G/A gene ApoA1 may be related to the pathogenesis of NONFH. There was no correlation between the ApoA1 gene polymorphism of -75G/A gene and the pathogenesis of blood stasis NONFH. There was no correlation between the ApoA1 gene polymorphism of +83C/T gene and the pathogenesis of blood stasis NONFH.
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Objective To study the effect of tumor size on the expression of adrenal cholesterol homeostasis mole -cules in H22 hepatoma-bearing mice.Methods Two hundred and twenty mice were injected with H 22 hepatoma cells to their right armpit.On the 11th day after injection, the mice were sorted according to the tumor size .18 mice with large tumor (large tumor group) and 18 mice with small tumor (small tumor group) were sacrificed, and the tumors were weighed.A control group consisting of 18 normal Kunming mice was also included in this study .The plasma TC, TG and HDL-C were detected using total cholesterol , triglycerides or HDL-C assay kits , respectively .The mRNA expressions of Srb1, Ldlr, Npc1, Npc2, Stard3, Hmgcr, Lipe, Acat1, Abca1, Abcg1, Srebp-1c, Lxrα, Lxrβ, Rxrα, Apoa1 and Apoe were tested by real-time quantitative RT-PCR ( qRT-PCR ) , and Gapdh and β-actin were used for normalization .SRB1 and ApoA1 proteins were analyzed by Western blot .Results The tumor weight was significantly higher in the large tumor group than that in the small tumor group (P<0.05).Compared with the control group , the plasma HDL-C was significant-ly decreased in the two hepatoma groups (P<0.05).The expression levels of Srb1, Ldlr, Apoa1 mRNA and SRB1 protein were significantly increased in the large tumor group (P<0.05 for all).The ApoA1 protein level was significantly higher in the large tumor group than that in the small tumor group (P<0.05).The expressions of Acat1, Lipe, Abca1 and Abcg1 mRNA were significantly lower in the large tumor group than those in the small tumor group (P<0.05 for all).However, the expressions of Srebp-1c, Lxrαand RxrαmRNA were not significantly changed , then, Srebp-1c, Lxrβand RxrαmRNA expressions were significantly up-regulated in the small tumor group (P<0.05).The expressions of Hmgcr and Apoe mR-NA were not significantly different in the two groups .Conclusions In hepatoma-bearing mice , due to the adaptation to tumor-induced chronic stress response , the adrenal cortical cells can effectively utilize intracellular cholesterol to synthetize cortical hormones .
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Objective This study aims to investigate the association of apoB/apoA-1 ratio with insulin resistance (IR) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) . Methods A total of 224 patients with NAFLD and 166 healthy subjects were enrolled as NAFLD group and control group. Weight, height and blood pressure were recorded. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FPG), insulin (Fins), lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indices were calculated. Results Compared with control group, NAFLD group had higher apoB/apoA-1 ratio (0.76 ± 0.28 vs 0.61 ± 0.26) and HOMA-IR (2.43 ± 1.68 vs 1.86 ± 1.61) . Spearman correlation analysis showed that in NAFLD group, HOMA-IR positively correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), apoB/apoA-1 ratio (r =0.34, P < 0. 05) and HbA1c, and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) . Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that apoB/apoA-1 ratio was still associated with HOMA-IR in NAFLD group after adjustment for age and BMI. Conclusion The apoB/apoA-1 ratio is closely associated with IR in patients with NAFLD. ApoB/apoA-1 ratio may play a role in the development of IR in NAFLD.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of rosuvastatin on treating patients with metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods Eighty MS patients were divided into rosuvastatin group (n =40) and atorvastatin group(n =40).Patients in rosuvastatin group were received schufftan at dose of 10 mg/d and in atorvastatin group were received lipitor at dose of 10 mg/d orally.Patients were followed-up for 12 weeks.The ratio of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoB/ApoA1) and inflammatory factors including high-sensitivity Czreactive protein (hs-CRP),tumor necrosis factor-oα (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were measured.Meanwhile Secondary factors:blood lipids,blood glucose,fasting insulin (FIN),insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),blood pressure,urine albumin excretion rate (UAER),body mass index (BMI).As well as safety indicators:hepatic and renal function and creatine kinase (CK) were detected.Results (1) After 12-week's treatment,the serum levels of ApoB/ApoA1,hs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-18,ApoB,total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG),FIN,HOMA-IR,systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),and UAER significantly decreased compared to before treatment in the two groups(rosuvastatin group:1.26 ± 0.25 vs.0.63 ± 0.22,t =4.44 ; (6.89 ± 1.43) mg/L vs.(2.41 ± 0.36) mg/L,t =7.12;(27.63 ±7.12) ng/L vs.(12.98 ±3.74) ng/L,t =4.23;(26.47 ±6.59) ng/L vs.(13.16± 3.55) ng/L,t =4.45;(318.36 ±90.45) ng/L vs.(172.77 ±50.65) ng/L,t =3.92;(1.58 ±0.29) g/L vs.(0.83 ± 0.23) g/L,t =4.20; (5.78 ± 0.86) mmol/L vs.(3.53 ± 0.69) mmol/L,t =3.85 ; (3.52 ± 0.54) mmol/L vs.(2.04±0.49) mmol/L,t =3.89;(2.87 ±0.65) mmol/L vs.(1.91 ±0.57) mmol/L,t =3.78; (12.08 ± 2.87) mU/L vs.(6.87 ± 1.89) mU/L,t =3.98 ; 3.42 ± 0.57 vs.1.60 ± 0.31,t =4.65 ; (144.6 ± 13.3) mm Hg vs.(135.1 ±12.7) mm Hg,t =3.57;(93.6 ±9.5) mm Hg vs.(85.2 ±7.6) mm Hg,t =3.59; (29.86 ± 3.37) μg/min vs.(22.52 ± 2.56) μg/min,t =3.71 ; atorvastatin group:1.24 ± 0.23 vs.0.92 ± 0.24,t =3.74 ; (6.84 ± 1.37) mg/L vs.(3.50 ± 0.75) mg/L,t =4.24 ; (27.22 ± 7.36) ng/L vs.(18.70 ± 5.82) ng/L,t =3.76; (26.28 ±6.84) ng/L vs.(19.34 ± 5.96) ng/L,t =3.75 ; (311.22 ±91.98) ng/L vs.(246.50±74.73) ng/L,t=3.63;(1.56±0.27) g/L vs.(1.14±0.26) g/L,t =3.74;(5.65 ±0.76) mmol/L vs.(4.67±0.65) mmol/L,t =3.68;(3.51 ±0.55) mmol/L vs.(2.65 ±0.57) mmol/L,t =3.70; (2.86±0.68) mmol/Lvs.(2.05 ±0.54) mmol/L,t=3.78;(12.04±2.95) mU/L vs.(8.91 ±2.32) mU/L,t =3.74;3.38 ±0.54 vs.2.18 ±0.35,t =3.80;(144.0 ± 13.8) mm Hg vs.(135.7 ±12.5) mm Hg,t =3.56 ; (93.4 ± 9.3) mm Hg vs.(85.8 ± 8.9) mm Hg,t =3.58 ; (29.77 ± 3.28) μg/min vs.(23.02 ± 2.83) μg/min,t =3.67 ;P ＜ 0.01).ApoA1 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) had increase,but there was no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) and BMI tended to decrease,but there were no significant differences(P ＞ 0.05).(2)The serum levels of ApoB/ApoA1,hs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-18,ApoB,TC,LDL-C,FIN and HOMA-IR in the rosuvastatin group were significantly lower than those in the atorvastatin group at the 12th-week follow-up(t =2.11,2.10,2.09,2.12,2.08,2.07,2.05,2.04,2.04,2.06 respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of HDL-C and ApoA1 in the rosuvastatin group tended to increase compared with the atorvastatin group after 12-week treatment (P ＞ 0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in term of TG,SBP,DBP,UAER between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).(3) The adverse effect in the rosuvastatin group was fewer than that in atorvastatin group.Conclusion Rosuvastatin can reduce ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and the levels of inflammatory cytokines,improve insulin resistance in patients with MS and less adverse effect were seen.
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BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death in the United States. South Asian immigrants (SAIs) from the Indian subcontinent living in the US are disproportionately at higher risk of CAD than other immigrant populations. Unique genetic factors may predispose SAIs to increased risk of developing CAD when adopting a Western lifestyle including a higher-fat diet, more sedentary behavior and additional gene-environment interactions. SAIs are known to have low levels of the protective high density lipoprotein (HDL) and an altered function for Apo-lipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), the main protein component of HDL cholesterol. One gene that may be genetically distinctive in this population is APOA1 which codes for ApoA-1 protein, a potentially important contributing factor in the development of CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA sequencing was performed to determine the status of the seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOA1 gene from 94 unrelated SAI adults. Genotypes, allelic frequencies, and intragenic linkage disequilibrium of the APOA1 SNPs were calculated. RESULTS: Several polymorphisms and patterns were common among persons of south Asian ethnicity. Frequencies for SNPs T655C, T756C and T1001C were found to be different than those reported in European Caucasian individuals. Linkage disequilibrium was found to be present between most (13 of 15) SNP pairings indicating common inheritance patterns. CONCLUSIONS: SAIs showed variability in the sequence of the APOA1 gene and linkage disequilibrium for most SNPS. This pattern of APOA1 SNPs may contribute to decreased levels of HDL cholesterol reported in SAIs, leading to an increased risk for developing CAD in this population.
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Apolipoprotein A-I/genetics , Asian People/genetics , Coronary Artery Disease/genetics , Emigrants and Immigrants , Humans , India , Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , United StatesABSTRACT
Aim To find out the relationship between inflammation and insulin resistance with impaired HDL biogenesis that cause low HDL-c concentration Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study involved 163 adult men, aged 25-60 years old with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria, 2005), without liver and kidney dysfunction. This study was undertaken in Jakarta in the year 2007-2009. Measured indicators were serum apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), prebeta-1 HDL, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and triglyceride. The apoA-1/HDL-c ratios were taken as indicator of HDL maturation, whereas CETP/HDL-c and CETP/TG ratios were indicated HDL catabolism. high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and HOMA-IR were taken as indicator of inflammation and insulin resistance, respectively. Data were analyzed by using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results Positive correlations were found between hsCRP and CETP (rs= 0.200, p= 0.042), and CETP/HDL-c ratios (rs= 0.188, p= 0.013). HOMA-IR positively correlated with apoA-1/HDL-c ratios (rs= 0.190, p= 0.016) and negatively correlated with the CETP/TG ratios (rs= -0.162, p= 0.04). Results of general linear model analysis showed that serum hsCRP concentration had the highest contribution to CETP/HDL-c ratios, apoA-1, dan CETP (p= 0.009; 0.016; 0.054, respectively). Conclusions Inflammation and insulin resistance related to dysfunction of HDL biogenesis in men with metabolic syndrome. The inflammation correlated with increased HDL catabolism, whereas the insulin resistance correlated with decreased HDL maturation and increased HDL catabolism. These may lead to low HDL-c concentration. Inflammation had higher contribution to HDL biogenesis factors than insulin resistance.
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Metabolic SyndromeABSTRACT
Objective To assess if the ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 is related to the metabolic syndrome and its components. Methods 709 adults living in Chongqing were enrolled. Weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumferences, fasting plasma glucose(FPG) , fasting serum insulin(FIns) and lipids were measured. ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, BMI and insulin resistance index were calculated. Results ApoB/ ApoA1 ratio was increased in subjects with insulin resistance(IR)and MS. Compared with the low ApoB/ ApoA1 ratio group, the high ApoB/ApoA1 ratio group was more likely to get MS(OR=3.5)and IR(OR =2.3) (P<0.001). Conclusions ApoB/ApoA1 ratio is strongly associated with IR, MS and its components, and a high ApoB/ApoA1 ratio is a valuable marker of MS.
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Objective To investigate the potential change of cellular cholesterol efflux and the functional changes of ABCA1 on macrophages from diabetes animals. Methods High energy diet was given to golden hamster to make animal model of hyperlipidemia. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). Macrophages were isolated and incubated with apoA-I or 8-br-cAMP in vitro. Cellular cholesterol content was measureal before and after treatment by HPLC. Results Intracellular cholesterol content of diabetic animals was higher than that in high energy diet and normal controls. Expression of ABCA1 mRNA was upregulated in diabetic group after incubation with apoA-I and cAMP. When macrophages were incubated with apoA-I, cholesterol efflux increased with the prolongation of incubation time.The amount of intracellular cholesterol efflux in 3 groups of animals showed the following relationship: diabetic animals exceed high energy diet fed animals, and the latter exceeds normal animals. Conclusion Intracellular lipid efflux depends mainly on the presence of extracellular apoA1 as well as membrane ABCA1 protein. The deposition of cholesterol in the macrophage of diabetic and insulin resistant animals may be related to the characteristic changes of quantity and function of apoA1 in these animals.
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Objectives:Identification, clone and sequence of the chinese mature apoA1 peptide gene.Methods:Total RNA was prepared from Chinese fetal liver tissue, cDNA fragment encoding human apoA1 was amplified by RT PCR using specific primers, and cloned into pGEM T vector. Inserted apoA1 gene was sequenced by ABI 377 DNA Sequencer. Results:Analysis indicates that the DNA fragment is 739 base pairs in length and has 100% nucleotide homology with that reported previously. Conclusions:Human apoA1 gene was successfully cloned from fetal liver tissue.
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The effects of tetrandrine on serum TXB2, 6 - Keto - PGF1?, LPO and lipids in patients(n= 40)with essential hypertension has been studied. The results showed that: (1) The levels of serum 6 - Keto -PGF1?,apoA1 in EHT were lower and the level of serum TXB2,LPO and apoB100 were higher than those in control. (2)Patients with essential hypertension treated with tetrandrine (0.1 ~ 0. 2g,tid,po)for 3 mon revealed that thelevels of TXB2, LPO and apoB100 were decreased, and the levels of apoA1 and 6 - Keto - PGF1? were increased. In conslusion,tetrandrine stimulated the synthesis of PGI2 and inhibited the release of TXA2 and normalized the metabolism of lipids in patients with essential hypertension.
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Objective:To assess if the ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 is related to insulin resistance.Methods:673 adults living in Chongqing were enrolled.Weight,height,blood pressure,waist circumferences,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting serum insulin(FINS)and lipids were measured.ApoB/ApoA1 ratio,BMI and insulin resistance index(Homa-IR)were calculated.Subjects were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of ApoB/ApoA1 ratio.Logistic regression was used to estimate the relation between ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and insulin resistance.Results:Compared with the non-insulin resistant group,the insulin resistant group is older and has on average greater mean values for BMI,systolic and diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,triglycerides,LDL-cholesterol,and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio.In contrast,insulin resistant subjects has significantly lower HDL-cholesterol than insulin sensitive subjects(P