ABSTRACT
Aromatic amine compounds are diverse, widely used, and highly toxic. They mainly exist in aerosol and vapor in workplace air. Occupational poisoning incidents caused by aromatic amine compounds occur from time to time. In China, occupational exposure limits have been established for only 11 aromatic amine compounds, with supporting detection methods developed only for four compounds： aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, and p-nitroaniline. Most of the highly toxic and hazardous aromatic amine compounds do not have specific limit. Currently, regular sampling mediums for detecting aromatic amine compounds in the workplace air are absorbing solution, filter membrane, silica gel, and poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) resin. Regular detection methods are gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, fluorescence detection, and chromatography-mass spectrometry. However, these methods are mostly designed for detecting individual compounds or their specific forms, and there is a need to develop a detection method that can detect aromatic amine compounds existing in aerosol and vapor form simultaneously using a novel composite sampling tube.
ABSTRACT
Thirty-three compounds were designed and synthesized directly from three-component, one-pot condensation of 1-(4-methylphenyl)ethanone and aromatic amines with some aromatic aldehydes. The chemical structures of the Mannich bases were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and MS. The screening results of bioactivity indicated that all of these title compounds possessed the inhibitory activity at the concentration of 1×10-4 mol·L-1. Among them, the compound TM33 displayed the strongest bioactivity with the inhibition percentage of 60.3% against P338 cancer cell line at the concentration of 1×10-8 mol·L-1, and the value of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was as low as 0.45 nmol·L-1. This study suggests a new type of potential anti-leukemia molecules.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>The purpose of the presentin vitro study was to predict to what extent dietary fiber (DF) takes up heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) and how DF acts to intercept HAAsin vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sorption isotherms of 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-P-1), and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-P-2) for DF were measured in artificial intestinal juice (AIJ) and artificial gastric juice (AGJ) at 37°C. The desorption of HAA from DF was measured in AGJ and AIJ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sorption isotherms were statistically classified into four types. The percentage of Trp-Ps taken up by carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) and agar in AGJ (pH, 1.2) was 52-56% and 58-78%, respectively. On the other hand, the percentage of Trp-Ps taken up by CMC and agar in AIJ (pH, 6.8) was 97-98% and 87-89%, respectively. The percentage of IQ and MeIQ sorbed by CMC was 21-27% in AGJ and 100% in AIJ. Collagen and chitin did not remove any HAAs in AGJ, but removed 4-69% in AIJ. In the four-component solution, the percentage of HAA taken up by DF was almost the same or significantly increased, with a few exceptions, as compared with that in the one-component solution.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicated that MeIQ is mainly held on the surface of CMC in AIJ, and that Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 are mainly held in the interior of agar in AGJ and AIJ. The results on sorption-desorptionin vitro indicate that sorbed HAAs in the stomach are held more firmly by agar than by CMC while DF passes through the human intestinal tract. CMC and agar would be expected to be more useful than collagen and chitin as agents intercepting HAAs.</p>
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of the present in vitro study was to predict to what extent dietary fiber (DF) takes up heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) and how DF acts to intercept HAAs in vivo. Methods: The sorption isotherms of 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-P-1), and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-P-2) for DF were measured in artificial intestinal juice (AIJ) and artificial gastric juice (AGJ) at 37°C. The desorption of HAA from DF was measured in AGJ and AIJ. Results: The sorption isotherms were statistically classified into four types. The percentage of Trp-Ps taken up by carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) and agar in AGJ (pH, 1.2) was 52-56% and 58-78%, respectively. On the other hand, the percentage of Trp-Ps taken up by CMC and agar in AIJ (pH, 6.8) was 97-98% and 87-89%, respectively. The percentage of IQ and MeIQ sorbed by CMC was 21-27% in AGJ and 100% in AIJ. Collagen and chitin did not remove any HAAs in AGJ, but removed 4-69% in AIJ. In the four-component solution, the percentage of HAA taken up by DF was almost the same or significantly increased, with a few exceptions, as compared with that in the one-component solution. Conclusion: The results indicated that MeIQ is mainly held on the surface of CMC in AIJ, and that Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 are mainly held in the interior of agar in AGJ and AIJ. The results on sorption-desorption in vitro indicate that sorbed HAAs in the stomach are held more firmly by agar than by CMC while DF passes through the human intestinal tract. CMC and agar would be expected to be more useful than collagen and chitin as agents intercepting HAAs.