Perfil de suicídios em município da Amazônia Legal / Suicide profiles in a municipality of the Legal Amazon

Resumo Introdução O suicídio é um problema mundial de saúde pública e está entre as principais causas de morte no mundo. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a sua ocorrência e caracterizar os casos de suicídio registrados em um município da Amazônia Legal, entre os anos de 1999 e 2016. Método Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico descritivo e transversal. Foram incluídos todos os casos registrados como suicídios no Instituto Médico Legal (IML) de Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso. Resultados As taxas de suicídio por ano variaram de 8,6 (2014) a 20,3 (2003). Houve maior frequência no gênero masculino (76,6%) e em adultos (78,1%). A causa mais utilizada foi a asfixia (49,6%), seguida por intoxicações (27,0%), cujos principais agentes tóxicos utilizados foram agrotóxicos (60,9%). Em relação ao mês de ocorrência, abril apresentou o maior número de suicídios (13,1%) e o menor foi em fevereiro (5,1%). Em relação ao dia da semana, no domingo, foi observada a maior incidência (17,5%). Conclusão Diante do exposto, conclui-se que o gênero masculino e a faixa etária adultos foram mais propensos a cometer a autoagressão. Assim, projetos relacionados à Saúde Pública e estratégias de prevenção são necessários, pensando também em ações mais efetivas voltadas para o perfil das vítimas.

Abstract Introduction Suicide is a global public health problem and is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Thus, this study aimed to study the occurrence and characterize the suicide cases recorded in a municipality of the Legal Amazon, between the years of 1999 and 2016. Method We performed an epidemiological descriptive and transversal study including all cases registered as suicides at the Institute of Forensic Medicine (IFM) of Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso. Results Suicide rates ranged from 8.6 (2014) to 20.3 (2003). There was a higher frequency in males (76.6%) and in adults (78.1%). The most common form of suicide was asphyxiation (49.6%), followed by intoxications (27.0%), mainly by pesticides (60.9%). April was the month with the highest number of suicides (13.1%), and February (5.1%) had the lowest. Sundays were the day of the week with a higher incidence (17.5%). Conclusions In conclusion, male adults are more likely to commit self-harm. Thus, there is a need for more research on public health and prevention strategies, also considering more effective actions according to the profile of the victims.

Ascariasis: un caso de muerte por asfixia / Ascariasis: death by suffocation

Esta es la presentación de un caso clínico de una niña de 3 años oriunda de Cosquín (50 km de la ciudad de Córdoba) desnutrida, que falleció como consecuencia de las complicaciones de una ascariasis masiva, parasitosis producida por Ascaris lumbricoides. La consulta médica se realizó de manera tardía cuando aparecieron las complicaciones, siendo que hacía tiempo la niña eliminaba parásitos por materia fecal. El día de la muerte presentó disnea que fue atribuida a broncoaspiración por “fideos”, pero se trataba de parásitos en la vía área que originaron asfixia y muerte. El caso fue denunciado como muerte de etiología dudosa, la autopsia reveló parásitos en pulmón y en todo el intestino. En casos de gran carga parasitaria (desnutrición por ejemplo) se puede formar un ovillo de parásitos que obstruyen el intestino llegando a perforarlo; en la migración errática, A. lumbricoides puede introducirse en conductos naturales como el colédoco o el Wirsung llevando a oclusión y a peritonitis. Mediante este trabajo queremos alertar sobre las potencialidades invasivas y las complicaciones graves de una parasitosis muy frecuente en nuestro medio. El caso reviste un interés particular ya que la parasitosis fue de tal magnitud como para causar la muerte por broncoaspiración de parásitos y asfixia. La educación sanitaria es un aspecto sustancial y se debe realizar la consulta médica precoz para evitar complicaciones de enfermedades curables

This is the presentation of a clinical case of a child 3- year-old from Cosquín (50 km from the city of Córdoba) malnourished, who died of complications from a massive ascariasis, a parasitic disease caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. In this case the Medical consultation was only when complications appeared of the parasitosis, although it was quite time that the girl eliminated parasites by fecal matter. The day of death is presented with dyspnea attributed to aspiration of “noodles”, but in the airway had parasites that caused suffocation and death. The case was reported as doubtful etiology death, an autopsy revealed lung parasites in the gut. The fecal discharges in irrigation canals (for marginal housing) contaminate crops that provide food to the cities, (key variable in spreading parasitic). In high parasite load (e.g. malnutrition.) forms a ball of parasites that obstruct the intestine. Migration in erratic A. lumbricoides can enter natural ducts carrying bile duct obstruction and peritonitis. Through this presentation we want to warn about the potential invasive and serious complications of a parasitic very common in our environment. The case is of particular interest since the parasite was so great in quantity to cause death by aspiration and asphyxia. La health education is substantial aspect, (early medical consultation to avoid complications from curable diseases

Observation of 17 Asphyxial Suicides by Helium Gas / 대한법의학회지

Since the book "Final Exit: The Practicalities of Self-Deliverance and Assisted Suicide for the Dying" was published in 1991, there has been a worldwide increase in the number of cases of suicidal asphyxiation using helium gas. However, no domestic reports have been published thus far. Recently, we encountered a case of asphyxial suicide by inhalation of helium from inside a plastic bag. Subsequently, we reviewed the records of the Scientific Crime Analysis System of National Police Agency of Korea. There were 17 cases of helium-associated asphyxial suicides between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2012. The average age of the deceased was 30.6 years with a male to female ratio of approximately 5:1. Thirteen of 17 such deaths occurred in the victims'houses. In all cases, the method of death involved placing a plastic bag over the head with a hose attached to helium tanks. In 6 of 17 cases, the decedents had psychiatric disorders such as depression. As neither characteristic signs of death nor conventional methods for detecting helium gas exist, a thorough investigation of the death scene and the decedents'environment is extremely vital for confirming death due to helium asphyxiation.

Alveolar Siderophages : A Precipitating Factor in a Fatal Scuba Diving Accident?: An Autopsy Case / 대한법의학회지

The author report the case of a 40-year-old male leisure scuba diver (height, 176 cm; weight, 73 kg) who died from asphyxiation by aspiration of gastric content, allegedly triggered by pulmonary hemosiderosis and/or full stomach. On the first dive of the day, the deceased complained of difficulty in descent and tried to descend several times but finally gave up and separated from his companions. After several minutes of separation, he was found dead, face down position on the sea surface, by the captain of the boat carrying the diving party. On autopsy, the lungs showed foreign bodies from stomach, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and siderophages in the alveolar sac. A small amount of air bubbles was noted in the mesenteric vein, iliac artery, right ventricle and pulmonary artery. The cause of death was asphyxiation by aspiration of gastric content and pulmonary hemosiderosis, which probably provoked the event. Alveolar hemosiderosis may be a causal factor in fatal scuba diving accident.