ABSTRACT
@#Background: Auraptene is a simple coumarin that exhibits multiple protective activities in the brain. Alzheimer’s disease is a complex, multifactorial, and progressive neurodegenerative disease. Microinjection of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) into the hippocampus of rat has been recognized as a reliable and stable animal model of Alzheimer’s disease, which mimics the memory deficits. In the present study, the memory enhancing effects of auraptene were studied in rats that Aβ was injected into their hippocampus to create a model of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Different doses of auraptene (5, 10 and 25 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to male Wistar rats. The spatial memory performance was tested by Morris water maze after Alzheimer`s induction. The hippocampal expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins were calculated for evaluating the neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of Auraptene in the brain tissue. Results: In comparison with the control group, auraptene significantly decreased the escape latency time in the treated rats. In addition, auraptene increased the percentage of time spent and traveled pathway in the target quadrant. Molecular data showed that auraptene attenuated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the hippocampus of rats. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the memory enhancing effect of Aur after Aβ injection, which could be through inhibiting the apoptotic pathways in the hippocampus of rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze and compare the contents of 12 effective chemical constituents in Aurantii Fructus from different areas, and identify their source of origin by using principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Methods: Using isonaringin, narigin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, meranzin hydrate, naringin, hesperidin, meranzin, marmin, nobiletin, tangeretin, and auraptene as index, HPLC method was used to determine the content, and the average percentage content was analyzed by principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Results: Principal component analysis results showed that Aurantii Fructus from different areas had certain similarities, and the content of Aurantii Fructus from Jiangxi Province was relatively stable. Discriminant analysis results showed that the samples from Zhangshu, Yichun, Yuanjiang, Huaihua, Jinhua, and Lanxi could be distinguished, while the samples from Xin’gan in Jiangxi, Jinhua, and Lanxi in Zhejiang overlapped. Conclusion: This method is simple, convenient and reliable, which can be used to screen out the suitable areas for the growth of Aurantii Fructus, so as to lay a foundation for explaining the authenticity of Aurantii Fructus.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 7-hydroxycoumarin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,(3,4)-heptamethoxyflavone, tangeretin, and auraptene from Aurantii Fructus, determinate and compare the content of various chemical components from Aurantii Fructus with different perimeters. Methods: The HPLC system consisted of a diamon C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was methanol (A)-water (adjusted pH 3.0 with phosphorous acid). The gradient elution conditions: 0-25 min, 30%-50% A; 25-35 min, 50%-70% A; 35-40 min, 70%-75% A; 40-55 min, 75%-100% A. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was 320 nm and the injection volume was 20 μL. Results: The calibration curves of 7-hydroxycoumarin, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, 3,5,6,7,8,(3,4)-heptamethoxyflavone, nobiletin, tangeretin, and auraptene had good linear relationship in the ranges of 0.002 18-0.07 μg (r = 0.999 8), 0.021 8-0.70 μg (r = 0.999 9), 0.242 5-7.76 μg (r = 0.999 8), 0.024 38-0.78 μg (r = 0.999 4), 0.523 76-16.76 μg (r = 0.999 3), 0.003 13-0.10 μg (r = 0.999 3), 0.004 13-0.132 μg (r = 0.999 6), 0.002 75-0.088 μg (r = 0.999 6), and 0.000 93-0.03 μg (r = 0.999 3); And the average recoveries (n = 6) of the nine components were 98.50%, 98.80%, 99.51%, 98.43%, 99.64%, 99.21%, 100.03%, 98.75%, and 101.11%, respectively. Conclusion: This method can be applied to determinating the components from Aurantii Fructus, including 7-hydroxycoumarin and 3,5,6,7,8,(3,4)-heptamethoxyflavone, etc.
ABSTRACT
The in vitro anti-bacterial activity of auraptene and four prenyloxycinnamic and benzoic acids was evaluated against a panel of three bacterial strain. All compounds were shown to be active as inhibitory agents of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
La actividad antibacteriana in vitro del auraptene y de cuatro ácidos preniloxycinámicos y benzoicos ha sido evaluada sobre un grupo de tres distintas cepas bacterianas. Todos los compuestos mostraron ser activos como agentes inhibitorios del crecimiento del Staphylococcus Aureus.