ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a global health problem. Increased sympathetic outflow, cardiac arrhythmogenesis and irregular breathing patterns have all been associated with poor outcomes in CHF. Several studies showed that activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) play a key role in CHF pathophysiology. Interestingly, potassium (K+) supplemented diets showed promising results in normalizing RAS axis and autonomic dysfunction in vascular diseases, lowering cardiovascular risk. Whether subtle increases in dietary K+ consumption may exert similar effects in CHF has not been previously tested. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary K+ supplementation on cardiorespiratory alterations in rats with CHF. METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent volume overload to induce non-ischemic CHF. Animals were randomly allocated to normal chow diet (CHF group) or supplemented K+ diet (CHF+K+ group) for 6 weeks. Cardiac arrhythmogenesis, sympathetic outflow, baroreflex sensitivity, breathing disorders, chemoreflex function, respiratory- cardiovascular coupling and cardiac function were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared to normal chow diet, K+ supplemented diet in CHF significantly reduced arrhythmia incidence (67.8 ± 15.1 vs. 31.0 ± 3.7 events/hour, CHF vs. CHF+K+), decreased cardiac sympathetic tone (ΔHR to propranolol: - 97.4 ± 9.4 vs. - 60.8 ± 8.3 bpm, CHF vs. CHF+K+), restored baroreflex function and attenuated irregular breathing patterns. Additionally, supplementation of the diet with K+ restores normal central respiratory chemoreflex drive and abrogates pathological cardio-respiratory coupling in CHF rats being the outcome an improved cardiac function. CONCLUSION: Our findings support that dietary K+ supplementation in non-ischemic CHF alleviate cardiorespiratory dysfunction.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Heart Failure , Potassium , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Diet , HeartABSTRACT
Four interstitial cystitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (IC/CPPS) patients presenting with pain and autonomic imbatances were improved by Kampo medicine. (Case 1) a 42 year old female : Her bladder and perinial pain were relieved by ryutanshakanto and her autonomic imbalances were improved by Kamishoyosan. (Case 2) a 51 year old female : She was given anchusan which warmed the internal organs. (Case 3) a 49 year old female : Her general hypothermia was relieved by shinbuto and ninjinto. (Case 4) a 27 year old female :She was given tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto which warmed the lower body half. These Kampo medicines for autonomic imbalance in IC/CPPS were drugs that adjusted general condition on the basis of diagnostic processes, and logic based on states of vital energy and blood.
ABSTRACT
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in a 69-year old woman due to perforated acute gangrenous cholecystitis. After completion of the surgery, we administered 10 mg pyridostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular block and 4 mg ondansetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting. Twenty minute after arrival in the recovery room, atrial fibrillation and tachycardia occurred. Even with the continuous infusion of esmolol and then administration of digoxin, atrial fibrillation and tachycardia continued in the recovery room. After transfer to the general ward, the heart rate was gradually decreased, and next morning, we could find the atrial fibrillation disappeared.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Anesthesia, General , Atrial Fibrillation , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholecystitis , Digoxin , Heart Rate , Inflammation , Nausea , Neuromuscular Blockade , Ondansetron , Patients' Rooms , Pyridostigmine Bromide , Recovery Room , Tachycardia , VomitingABSTRACT
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in a 69-year old woman due to perforated acute gangrenous cholecystitis. After completion of the surgery, we administered 10 mg pyridostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular block and 4 mg ondansetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting. Twenty minute after arrival in the recovery room, atrial fibrillation and tachycardia occurred. Even with the continuous infusion of esmolol and then administration of digoxin, atrial fibrillation and tachycardia continued in the recovery room. After transfer to the general ward, the heart rate was gradually decreased, and next morning, we could find the atrial fibrillation disappeared.