Awareness rate of PCV13 and influencing factors of vaccination intention among parents of infants and young children in Huangpu District , Shanghai / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the awareness rate and willingness of parents of school-age infants and young children in Huangpu District, Shanghai to receive the 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and its influencing factors, and to provide basic data for formulating community health education policies. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a full coverage questionnaire survey on the PVC13 awareness rate and vaccination willingness of 1030 parents of infants and young children in 10 communities. Results A total of 1000 questionnaire surveys were completed, with an accurate response rate of 97.08%. The awareness rate of PCV13 was 85.50%, and the awareness rate of complications was less than 80%. The PCV13 vaccination rate was 55.60%. 38.74% of the reasons for not being vaccinated were concerned about vaccine side effects, and 32.21% were concerned about vaccine quality. The higher the education level of parents and the per capita annual income of the family, the higher the awareness rate of pneumococcal vaccine knowledge and the willingness to receive vaccination. Parents with registered residence in other places had low willingness to vaccinate PCV13. Conclusion The public has a higher awareness of PCV13 and a higher willingness to receive vaccination. It is necessary to strengthen the scientific popularization of complications of pneumococcal pneumonia and vaccine safety, strengthen vaccine safety supervision and disclosure of regulatory results, and strengthen PCV13 science popularization for parents of infants and young children with registered residence outside the city.

A Ten-Year Comparative Study on Ethical Cognition of Experimental Animals among Medical Students in a University / 中国医学伦理学

The study was carried out to understand the changes in the ethical cognition status of laboratory animals and the effectiveness of laboratory animal ethics education among medical students in Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University (CSU), and provide new enlightenment for further strengthening the ethical education of laboratory animals. In the study, the same self-compiled questionnaire was used to investigate the ethical cognition of experimental animals among medical students in Xiangya School of Medicine of CSU in 2011 and 2021, and 359 and 363 questionnaires were collected respectively. Through comparative analysis of the questionnaire results before and after ten years, it was found that medical students’ animal experiment operation and attitudes towards laboratory animals, cognition of experimental animal ethics knowledge and their attitude to animal experiment ethics education were significantly improved. It showed that the state of experimental animal ethics cognition among medical students in Xiangya School of Medicine of CSU had improved significantly in recent 10 years, but the cognition of experimental animal ethics knowledge was higher than the actual behavior of caring for experimental animals, and there was the phenomenon of "separation of knowledge and action". The ethics education of experimental animals needs to pay more attention to the development of students’ behavior of caring for experimental animals.

The Status, Problems and Countermeasures of Narrative Medicine’s Clinical Practice in China / 中国医学伦理学

By reviewing the research context of narrative medicine in China in the past five years and sorting out the development status of narrative medicine in clinical practice in China, this paper pointed out the reasons why narrative medicine is difficult to implement in clinical practice in China at present. It mainly includes three points: the awareness of narrative medicine within the clinical medical community is not high; the humanities community focuses on the development of narrative medicine in medical education, resulting in rather scarce research on narrative medicine based on clinical practice; the research objects of narrative medicine are too narrow, ignoring the importance of the public and the front-line clinical personnel in the clinical practice of narrative medicine. Accordingly, this paper proposed corresponding countermeasures: it is advocated to investigate the awareness of narrative medicine in clinical medicine and the public, and it is suggested to list them as important objects of narrative medicine education. At the same time, it is recommended that the relationship between narrative medicine and doctor-patient communication should be clarified theoretically to guide the construction of a harmonious doctor-patient relationship in clinical practice.

Awareness of Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Order among Medical Students in Universiti Sains Malaysia

@#Introduction: Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order is a type of Advance Medical Directive (AMD) that documents a patient’s wishes or desire to refrain from Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), especially in the terminally ill patient. It is a sensitive issue in patient care and less is known on medical students awareness on the area. Aim: This study assessed the opinion, knowledge, awareness and familiarity toward Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order among undergraduate medical students from year 1 to 5 in Universiti Sains Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 250 undergraduate medical students using an online questionnaire on awareness towards DNR orders. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were applied to examine the distribution and association of DNR awareness among medical students with year of study, gender, race and religion. Results: The study indicated that most participants (84.4%) were familiar with DNR orders. There was no significant association between all 4 variables (year of study, gender, race and religion) with level of awareness among undergraduate medical students in HUSM. Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students have a good awareness on DNR orders. Despite having a multiracial and multi religion community, the medical students have similar patterns in their knowledge about DNR.

Awareness and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases among residents in Yangpu District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo understand the awareness of knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and influencing factors among residents in Yangpu District， Shanghai. MethodsWe used cluster random sampling method to conduct face-to-face questionnaire surveys on selected household residents in 12 streets of Yangpu District. The survey questions included their understanding of COPD name， lung function test， and COPD related knowledge. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of awareness rate. ResultsA total of 1 440 people were ultimately included in the analysis， and the awareness rates of COPD name， lung function test， and COPD awareness were 19.93%， 18.61%， and 14.95%， respectively. Among the people who knew the name of COPD， awareness rate of shortness of breath or dyspnea was the highest （84.12%） in the three main symptoms of COPD. Among the main risk factors of COPD， second-hand smoke（86.78%）and smoking （85.82%） were the highest. The main ways to obtain knowledge of COPD names were through television （12.60%） and the internet （11.97%）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that men were significantly higher than women in the awareness of COPD name， lung function test， and COPD knowledge， with the OR values of （OR=1.39， 95%CI：1.08‒1.79）， （OR=1.47，95%CI：1.12‒1.92） and （OR=1.37，95%CI：1.02‒1.84）， respectively. The awareness rate of COPD names and lung function tests was the highest among people aged ≥ 65 years old， while the awareness rate of COPD knowledge was the highest among people aged 35‒50 years old. The awareness rate of COPD names was the highest among people with college education or above， civil servants， teachers， and medical staff， people with an annual household income of 100 000‒200 000 yuan. ConclusionThe overall awareness rate of COPD names， lung function tests， and COPD related knowledge among residents in Yangpu District is still at a low level. We should intensify the promotion and education of COPD among key groups such as women， young people， and those with low income， in order to improve the overall awareness rate of COPD among the population.

Effects of mindful attention awareness on sleep quality of soldiers stationed in plateau areas: Chain-mediated effect of burnout and occupational stress / 环境与职业医学

Background Sleep quality is one of the important factors affecting soldiers’ task performance. Objective To explore the effects of mindful attention awareness, burnout, and occupational stress on sleep quality among soldiers in plateau areas. Methods A total of 1090 soldiers were selected from four units in plateau areas by cluster sampling method and were asked to participate a cross-sectional questionnaire survey using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI), Occupational Stress Inventory (OSI), Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and mediated effect test were conducted for the study. Results Of the 1090 soldiers recruited, 1082 soldiers returned valid questionnaires, and the valid recovery rate was 99.26%. The median (P25, P75) score of PSQI was 4.00 (2.00,7.00), the median score of OSI was 26.00 (17.00, 34.00), the median score of MBI-GS was 3.53 (3.13, 4.00), and the median score of MAAS was 71.00 (59.00, 82.00). The burnout and mindful attention awareness levels varied among military personnel of different age groups (P<0.05), so did the burnout and occupational stress levels among military personnel of different length of service groups (P<0.05), and the occupational stress, PSQI, burnout, and mindful attention awareness levels among military personnel with different educational backgrounds and genders (P<0.05). The results of mediated effect test showed that occupational stress and burnout had both a parallel mediated effect and a sequential mediating effect on the relationship between mindful attention awareness and sleep quality, with effect sizes of 15.3%, 21.5% and 31.8%, respectively. Conclusion There is a mediated effect on the relationship between mindful attention awareness and sleep quality by the occupational stress and burnout of military personnel in plateau areas, and sleep quality is also affected by mindful attention awareness through the chain-mediated effect of occupational stress and burnout.

Effect of various educational methods on increasing parents' awareness of their children's preventive orthodontic treatments

Aim: Like other fields of health, the main focus in dentistry has shifted from treatment to prevention of diseases. Parents have a vital role in deciding about their children's oral health issues. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of four educational methods (including printed pamphlets, digital pamphlets, faceto-face education, and educational films) in increasing the awareness of parents about preventive orthodontic treatments. Methods: The study samples were selected from patients who were referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Department. 150 parents of children between 4-12 years old participated in the study. They filled out a questionnaire including demographic data and knowledge about orthodontic problems and their early treatments. Then they were divided into five groups (control, printed pamphlet, digital pamphlet, face-to-face, educational films) and after one month they repeated the test. Results: A total of 102 fathers and 48 mothers were evaluated. There was no statistical difference between different ages, sex, or income in terms of their awareness, but the awareness score between educational groups was different. There has been observed a significant increase in the awareness level of all four groups (except the control group) (P < 0.05). The highest score was seen in the video group. The difference between printed pamphlets and digital pamphlets was not significant. Conclusions: The results indicate that educational films are the most effective way of increasing awareness about preventive orthodontic treatments

Awareness of stroke among patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Stroke is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Renal dysfunction is an important risk factor for stroke. Brazilian studies on stroke knowledge are generally population based. Studies stratifying stroke knowledge according to comorbidities are rare. Scientific data are essential to guide the awareness of stroke. OBJECTIVE: To assess stroke knowledge in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional analytical study of patients with CKD on hemodialysis in north-eastern Brazil. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey on stroke awareness was administered to patients with CKD on hemodialysis between April and November 2022. The chi-square test and other descriptive statistics were used. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 197 patients were included in the analysis. The Brazilian acronym for stroke was used by 53.5% of the participants. Less than 10.0% of the sample showed optimal decision-making ability regarding stroke. Of the participants, 29.9% knew at least one risk factor and one symptom; however, this was considered as having below the minimum capacity because they did not know the emergency service call number. In the analysis adjusted for income and education, females (odds ratio [OR], 0.40%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.82), older patients (OR, 0.24%; 95% CI, 0.09-0.63) and having at most one comorbidity (OR, 0.48%; 95% CI, 0.23-0.98) were factors for lower levels of knowledge or ideal decision-making capacity against stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Patients on hemodialysis, especially women and older people, have little knowledge about stroke.

A Community Survey on Association of Sociodemographic Characteristics with Risk Perception and Awareness about Oral Cancer in Lagos, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the level of oral cancer awareness and risk factors perception and the relationship between this awareness and the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among rural and urban residents in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling method was utilized. The sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of respondents, as well as their knowledge about oral cancer risk factors, were assessed with a validated questionnaire. The bivariate association was done using an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA. Multivariate regression was used to determine the association between predictor variables and oral cancer knowledge scores. The statistical significance level is set at p<0.05. Results: 590 participants between 18 and 82 years (mean age 34.5 ±13.7) completed the survey. The prevalence of cigarette smoking was 25.7%, of which 16 (1.5%) were heavy smokers (20+ cigarettes per day). The prevalence of alcohol consumption was 66.1%, with 57 (9.7%) being heavy drinkers, consuming drinks for 5-7 days of the week. A high proportion of the respondents (>60%) exhibited gaps in their knowledge of oral cancer. Uneducated participants had lower oral cancer knowledge than those with >12 years of formal education (aOR = 5.347; 95% CI: 4.987-6.240). Participants who were smokers had lower oral cancer knowledge compared with non-smokers (aOR = 3.341; 95% CI: 2.147-4.783); Participants who consumed alcohol had more deficient oral cancer knowledge compared with non-drinkers (aOR = 1.699; 95% CI: 1.087-2.655); While heavy smokers aOR = 4.023; 95% CI: 3.615-4.825) and heavy drinkers aOR = 4.331; 95% CI: 3.158-5.939) had lower oral cancer knowledge compared with those who did not abuse both substances. Conclusion: A high proportion of the respondents exhibited gaps in their knowledge of oral cancer in their responses. Delayed diagnosis of oral cancer can be reduced by increasing the awareness and knowledge of the populace about risk factors and also in the recognition of its signs and symptoms.

Knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B amongst students of Pamo University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Background: Globally, 296 million people were infected by hepatitis B in 2019, with 1.1 million deaths. Africa is one of the endemic regions. Good knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B remain pivotal to the biosafety of medical students. This study sought to determine the levels of knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B among students of Pamo University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Port Harcourt, Nigeria, and the predicting factors associated with this knowledge and awareness. The is with the aim of providing recommendations for improving and sustaining biosafety levels for medical and other health-related students of the University. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional design conducted amongst 528 randomly selected medical students of PUMS, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Structured questionnaires were interviewer-administered to collect socio-demographic information and participants' responses to questions on knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0 and relationships of socio-demographic characteristics and predictive factors with knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B were tested using binary logistic regression analysis with p value for statistical significance set at <0.05. Results: A total of 528 students participated in the study, 202 (38.3%) males and 326 (61.7%) females. Most participants (296, 56.1%) were between 15-19 years of age with mean age of 19 ±2.43 years. The mean (±SD) of participants responses with good knowledge of hepatitis B was 249±121.5 while for good awareness, it was 181±88.3. The percentage average for good knowledge and good awareness was 47.2% and 34.2% respectively, with positive correlation between knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B (r=0.720, p<0.0001). Age was significantly associated with participants percentage average knowledge (OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.70-0.84, p<0.0001) and awareness of hepatitis B (OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.78-0.90, p=0.004). No other factor was significantly associated with knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B except Ijaw tribe (OR=0.4, 95%CI 0.24-0.66, p=0.034) and attendance of Federal Government College (OR=0.4, 95% CI 0.24-0.68, p=0.046). Conclusion: The percentage average good knowledge of 47.2% and awareness of 34.2% for hepatitis B in this study are low, although most participants in the study were between the ages of 15-19 years and in their first and second year of study. This gives room for improvement in knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B with progression in age and year of training. Good knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B are central to the biosafety of medical students. It is recommended that the National Universities Commission (NUC) and the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN) review the current medical school curriculum to increase the teaching of medical and health-related students that will impact more on knowledge and awareness of infectious diseases and infection prevention and control.

Prognostic awareness and prognostic information preferences among advanced cancer patients in Kenya

Background: Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Kenya. Yet, little is known about prognostic awareness and preferences for prognostic information. Aim: To assess the prevalence of prognostic awareness and preference for prognostic information among advanced cancer patients in Kenya. Setting: Outpatient medical oncology and palliative care clinics and inpatient medical and surgical wards of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) in Eldoret, Kenya. Methods: The authors surveyed 207 adults with advanced solid cancers. The survey comprised validated measures developed for a multi-site study of end-of-life care in advanced cancer patients. Outcome variables included prognostic awareness and preference for prognostic information. Results: More than one-third of participants (36%) were unaware of their prognosis and most (67%) preferred not to receive prognostic information. Increased age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.07) and education level (OR: 1.18, CI: 1.08, 1.30) were associated with a higher likelihood of preference to receive prognostic information, while increased symptom burden (OR= 0.94, CI: 0.90, 0.99) and higher perceived household income levels (lower-middle vs low: OR= 0.19; CI: 0.09, 0.44; and upper middle- or high vs low: OR= 0.22, CI: 0.09, 0.56) were associated with lower odds of preferring prognostic information. Conclusion: Results reveal low levels of prognostic awareness and little interest in receiving prognostic information among advanced cancer patients in Kenya. Contribution: Given the important role of prognostic awareness in providing patient-centred care, efforts to educate patients in Kenya on the value of this information should be a priority, especially among younger patients.

Perception of doctors at Elobied teaching hospital toward antibiotics resistance as a health threat

Background: Resistance to antibiotics has increased dramatically over the past few years and has now reached a level that places future patients in real danger. Several factors contribute to this problem, some of them are health workers related and others are community related. This study aimed to assess the awareness of doctors in Elobeid hospital, North Kordofan state, Sudan about the problem, its causes, and its possible preventive measures. Methods: This descriptive, questionnaire-based study was conducted in Elobeid teaching hospital between 2020, February 27 and March 13. The study involved 50 doctors in the internal medicine department. Results: Out of the 50 doctors involved, 49 (98%) agreed that antibiotics resistance is a big progressive health threat in Sudan; 86% of the participants think that selfmedication is the leading cause of antibiotic resistance; and 98% believe that providing good quality culture and sensitivity service in hospitals and health centers is the most effective preventive measure. Regarding education about antibiotics as a part of academic activities in the unit during the last year, 36% of the participants received zero sessions, 68% received 1­5 sessions, and 12% received more than 5 sessions. The assessment of doctor's adherence to the Sudan Standard Treatment Guideline revealed that 28/50 participants (56%) did not see it or hear about it, 17/50 participants (34%) know it but don't comply, and only 5/50 participants (10%) know it and comply with it. Conclusion: Participants show a good awareness about the significance of antibiotics resistance as a health threat, a good awareness about the main causes and the possible preventive measures, a low to moderate frequency of education on antibiotics, and a very poor adherence to the Sudan Standard Treatment Guidelines.

Conhecimento dos profissionais da saúde de um hospital público em relação à afasia / Knowledge on aphasia held by health professionals of a public hospital / Conocimiento de los profesionales sanitarios de un hospital público sobre la afasia

Introdução: A compreensão da afasia é fundamental para os profissionais de saúde que prestam assistência a pacientes com AVC. No entanto, a informação disponível sobre a afasia ainda é limitada e insuficiente para uma abordagem eficaz. É de suma importância identificar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde a respeito da afasia, a fim de planejar o atendimento aos pacientes e suas famílias.Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital público em relação à afasia e analisar como eles lidam com pacientes com afasia durante o período de hospitalização. Método: Realizamos uma pesquisa com profissionais de saúde por meio de um questionário online para avaliar seu conhecimento sobre a afasia e suas estratégias de atendimento. Resultados: Os resultados indicam que profissionais de saúde com níveis de educação mais elevados tendem a possuir um entendimento mais sólido da afasia. No entanto, persistem lacunas de conhecimento em diversos aspectos da afasia. Embora a maioria dos profissionais se sinta adequadamente preparado para lidar com pacientes com afasia, eles reconhecem os desafios envolvidos e expressam o desejo de receber orientações para aprimorar suas habilidades de comunicação. Conclusão: Este estudo ressalta a necessidade de uma formação mais abrangente para os profissionais de saúde no que diz respeito à afasia e suas estratégias de comunicação. É fundamental o desenvolvimento de programas de treinamento e a elaboração de diretrizes específicas para os profissionais que atuam com esses pacientes, visando proporcionar um atendimento de alta qualidade. (AU)

Introduction: Understanding aphasia is crucial for healthcare professionals providing care to stroke patients. However, there is a need to enhance and refine the information available about aphasia for practical application. It is imperative to assess the knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding aphasia to facilitate effective care planning for patients and their families. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of knowledge among healthcare professionals in a public hospital concerning aphasia and their approach to patients with aphasia during their hospitalization. Method: An online questionnaire was administered to healthcare professionals to assess their understanding of aphasia and their caregiving strategies. Results: The findings indicate that healthcare professionals with higher education levels tend to have a better understanding of aphasia. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps persist in various aspects of aphasia. While most professionals feel adequately prepared to interact with patients experiencing aphasia, they acknowledge the challenges involved and express a desire for guidance to enhance their communication skills. Conclusion: This study underscores the necessity for comprehensive training of healthcare professionals in the realm of aphasia and effective communication strategies. The development of training programs and guidelines is crucial to better serve patients with aphasia, ensuring the provision of high-quality care. (AU)

Introducción: La comprensión de la afasia es importante para los profesionales de la salud que atienden a pacientes con ACV. Sin embargo, la información sobre la afasia sigue siendo limitada e insuficiente para un enfoque efectivo. Es importante identificar el conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud sobre la afasia para planificar la atención a los pacientes y sus familias. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud de un hospital público sobre la afasia y cómo manejan a los pacientes con afasia durante el período de hospitalización. Método: Se realizó una encuesta a profesionales de la salud a través de un cuestionario en línea para evaluar su conocimiento sobre la afasia y sus tácticas de atención. Resultados: Se señala un mayor conocimiento sobre la afasia entre los profesionales de nivel superior, pero aún existen lagunas de conocimiento en varios aspectos de la afasia. La mayoría de los profesionales se sienten preparados para manejar a pacientes con afasia, pero reconocen que la atención es desafiante y les gustaría recibir orientación para mejorar sus habilidades de comunicación. Conclusión:Este estudio destaca la necesidad de una formación más amplia y completa para los profesionales de la salud sobre la afasia y su comunicación. Es fundamental desarrollar programas de capacitación y guías para atender mejor a estos pacientes y garantizar una atención de calidad. (AU)

Knowledge about COVID-19 in the General Population of Mexico

An analytical observational study was conducted to investigate the association between knowledge of COVID-19 in the general population of Mexico and sociodemographic variables of interest. A total of 758 adults between 18 and 74 years old (M = 37.3 SD = 12.6), of which 88.9% had higher education and 33.2% were health care workers, participated in an online questionnaire assessing disease knowledge and the COVID-5 item Fear Scale, which was adapted by the research team. The proportion of individuals with high knowledge about COVID-19 was found to be 41.0%. Participants with higher education and healthcare professionals demonstrated higher knowledge scores in comparison to those with primary and secondary education, as well as non-healthcare professionals (PR=1.25, 95%CI 1.05-1.48). In conclusion, that people with higher education and healthcare workers exhibited better knowledge scores regarding the disease, while high knowledge about COVID-19 was only associated with being a health professional.

Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico con el objetivo de explorar la asociación entre el conocimiento que tiene la población general de México sobre COVID-19 y las variables sociodemográficas de interés. Un total de 758 adultos entre 18 y 74 años (M=37,3 DE=12,6), 88,9% con educación superior y 33,2% trabajadores de la salud, diligenciaron un cuestionario en línea sobre conocimientos la enfermedad y la Escala de Temor a COVID-5, adaptada por el equipo de investigación. La proporción de conocimientos altos sobre COVID-19 fue del 41,0%. Las personas con educación superior y los profesionales de la salud presentaron puntajes de conocimientos altos en comparación con los que tenían primaria y secundaria y con los que no pertenecían al gremio de la salud RP = 1,25 IC 95% (1,05 - 1,48). Se concluye que las personas con escolaridad superior y los profesionales de la salud tienen mejores puntajes de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad, mientras que el conocimiento alto sobre COVID-19 solo se asoció con ser profesional de la salud.

Foi realizado um estudo observacional analítico com o objetivo de explorar a associação entre o conhecimento que tem a população geral de México sobre COVID-19 e as variáveis sociodemográficas de interesse. Um total de 758 adultos entre 18 e 74 anos (M=37,3 DE=12,6), 88,9% com ensino superior e 33,2% trabalhadores da saúde, responderam um questionário on-line sobre conhecimentos a doença e a Escala de Temor a COVID-5, adaptada pela equipe de pesquisa. A proporção de conhecimentos altos sobre COVID-19 foi do 41,0%. As pessoas com educação superior e os profissionais da saúde apresentaram pontuação de conhecimentos altos em comparação com os que tinham ensino básico e ensino médio e com os que não pertenciam aos profissionais da saúde RP = 1,25 IC 95% (1,05 - 1,48). Concluise que as pessoas com educação superior e os profissionais da saúde têm melhor pontuação de conhecimentos sobre a doença, enquanto que o conhecimento alto sobre COVID-19 só se associou com ser professional da saúde.

Conocimientos sobre el ácido fólico periconcepcional en mujeres puérperas del hospital de la mujer, La Paz-Bolivia / Awareness of periconceptional folic acid in postpartum women at the hospital de la mujer, La Paz-Bolivia

INTRODUCCIÓN Y/O ANTECEDENTES: Los defectos del tubo neural se encuentran entre las anomalías congénitas más comunes en todo el mundo, el ácido fólico (0.4-0.8 ug/día) reduce el riesgo de ocurrencia y recurrencia, por lo que se recomienda su uso concepcional y periconcepcional. El conocimiento de sus efectos protectores varía mucho en la población. OBJETIVOS: Describir el conocimiento de las puérperas sobre el uso correcto del ácido fólico y sus alcances como factor protector. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se condujeron encuestas entre un grupo de mujeres puérperas del Hospital de la Mujer mediante cuestionarios estructurados para obtener información el conocimiento del uso del ácido fólico periconcepcional. RESULTADOS: Entrevistamos 87 puérperas. El conocimiento y el uso del ácido fólico entre las entrevistadas fue bajo, 51% y 48.3% respectivamente. La escolaridad en este grupo poblacional es un factor predictivo del conocimiento y uso correcto del ácido fólico. DISCUSIÓN, CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES: El conocimiento del ácido fólico es relativamente bajo entre las mujeres puérperas entrevistadas, su uso durante el embarazo es insuficiente y la suplementación con antes de la concepción es nula. Aún nos queda un largo camino por recorrer. Se recomienda promover el conocimiento y el uso del ácido fólico en etapa periconcepcional, así como mayor información sobre los alimentos fortificados.

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital anomalies worldwide; folic acid reduces their risk of occurrence and is strongly recommended for conceptional and periconceptional use. Awareness of its protective effects varies widely among populations. OBJECTIVES: To measure the awareness of postpartum women about the correct use of folic acid and its protectants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey was conducted in one group of postpartum women using structured questionnaires to obtain information on awareness and use of folic acid. RESULTS: We interviewed 87 postpartum women. Awareness and use of folic among the interviewees were low, 51% and 48.3% respectively. Schooling is a predictor of folic acid correct use and awareness. DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Awareness of folic acid is relatively low among pregnant Bolivian women, its use during pregnancy is insufficient and supplementation before conception is zero. We still have a long way to go. We recommend the promotion of awareness and the use of folic acid in pregnant women.

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and correlates of prevalence and control of hypertension among older adults in Kerala: A mixed methods study

Introduction: We conducted this study among older adults with the following objectives: (1) To find out the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, (2) To understand the factors associated with hypertension prevalence and control. Methods: A mixed-methods study employing a sequential explanatory design was conducted with a survey of 300 participants aged _x0001_60 years, and 15 in-depth interviews. Blood Pressure (BP) and waist circumference were measured using standard protocol. Survey data were analysed using univariate and multivariate procedures. In-depth interviews were analysed employing thematic analysis. Results: Hypertension prevalence was 72.3% (95% CI ¼ 67.1e77.2), 68.2% (CI ¼ 61.8e74.2) were aware, 65.4% (CI ¼ 59.0e71.6) were treated and 24% (CI ¼ 18.6e29.9) achieved adequate control. Inadequate physical activity [(adjusted odds ratio (AOR)] ¼ 2.34; CI ¼ 1.19e4.59), current alcohol use (AOR ¼ 2.28; CI ¼ 1.06e4.91) and self-reported diabetes (AOR ¼ 2.02; CI ¼ 1.15e3.52) were associated with hypertension prevalence. Those who reported diabetes (AOR ¼ 2.72, CI ¼ 1.34e5.55), with education level up to high school (AOR ¼ 2.58, CI ¼ 1.11e6.00) and who were in the age group 60e70 years (AOR ¼ 2.14, CI ¼ 1.09e4.20) were more likely to have controlled hypertension compared to their counterparts. From the in-depth interviews it was found that availability and accessibility of services, family support, financial wellbeing, habits and beliefs and conducive environment played a role in hypertension diagnosis and management. Discussion: Prevalence of hypertension was high in this population along with poor control. Efforts are required to improve hypertension control focussing on older adults with low education and those who are aged 70 years and above

Awareness and recommendation of home blood pressure measurement among physicians in India: Results from Asia HBPM survey 2020

Background: Awareness of hypertension and blood pressure (BP) control rates are still low in India. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is recognized as a valuable tool to diagnose and support hypertension treatment including the prevention of cardiovascular diseases(CVD) and target organ damage. We explored the prevailing knowledge and current recommendation of HBPM in daily practice by physicians in India. Materials and methods: As part of Asia HBPM Survey 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among healthcare providers from India between June 2020 to June 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 37 questions and sub-questions related to HBPM awareness and recommendations to patients. Results: A total of 832 physicians participated in the survey. Almost 83% were male, whereas age, specialty and workplace were well distributed. 31.3% of physicians instruct their patients to measure their BP before taking antihypertensive drugs, while around 30% of physicians gave no instructions. The reference value of hypertension diagnosis amongst the physicians was substantially low based on clinic BP (34.4%) and home BP (15.1%). Among physicians who manage hypertensive patients, nearly 88% recommend HBPM to their patients, however, only 34.9% of their patients own HBPM device and 30.4% of the patients measure their own BP at home. Conclusion: The survey reveals that HBPM instructions to the patients are either lacking or not well aligned with the local hypertension guidelines which may have led to the low HBPM use among patients. Clear and practical educational material and sessions are needed to improve the understanding of HBPM amongst physicians

Impact of Training Programs on Awareness and Practice of Lifestyle Modifications among Hypertensive Patients Attending Outpatient Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Aim: This study sought to investigate the impact of training programs on hypertensive patients' awareness and practice of lifestyle modifications in out-patient clinics of the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: The study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted at the out-patient clinics of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. This setting was chosen due to the accessibility of hypertensive patients receiving regular care and follow-up. The sample size comprised 274 hypertensive patients attending the out-patient clinics for regular hypertension management. A simple random sampling method was employed to select study participants, ensuring a fair representation of the target population. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants and results were analysed using SPSS. Results: Findings indicate that the training programs greatly increased awareness of hypertension and lifestyle factors affecting hypertension for most participants (74.42%), with all participants recommending the programs. A significant majority of participants (95.74%) reported being on hypertension medication, while nearly all (99.22%) had received some form of training or counselling on lifestyle modification for hypertension management. Notably, all participants reported having made lifestyle changes following the training programs, with the majority rating the effectiveness of the programs as highly effective (57.36%). Further analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of the training programs and the participants' age, sex, educational level, and occupation. The most frequent lifestyle modification post-training was dietary changes, with 54.65% of participants reporting that they always engage in a healthy diet for hypertension management. However, the frequency of engagement in other lifestyle modifications, such as regular physical activity and weight management, was not as high. The majority of participants reported significant improvements in hypertension symptoms following the lifestyle modifications. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that targeted training programs can significantly enhance hypertensive patients' awareness and practice of beneficial lifestyle modifications, thus improving health outcomes. Further, the study underscores the need for such training programs to be tailored according to the age, sex, educational level, and occupation of the patients to maximize their impact.

A Study On Awareness Of Pradhan Mandri Jandhan Yojana In Erode District

Financial inclusion is an important factor for a country's development. Government is continuously taking some measures for financial inclusion, one among such measure is introduction of Pradhan Mandri Jan Dhan Yojan with so many useful features. Even though the Government is taking initiatives, the awareness of public on this scheme questionable. This study is an attempt to study the awareness of PMJDY in Erode District. The researcher has collected 110 samples using convenient sampling technique. The findings stated that, all the socio-economic variables are associated with awareness. Further certain segments are more aware of PMJDY than of others.When it comes to source of awareness, visual media is found to be more influential than others.

Knowledge and Awareness about Chair-Side Diagnostic Techniques for the Screening of Suspicious Oral Lesions among General Dental Practitioners - A Cross-Sectional Survey

Introduction: General dental practitioners (GDPs) play an important role in screening and early detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral cancer. Aim: This survey aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of general dental practitioners about chairside diagnostic techniques for screening of inflammatory oral lesions, potentially malignant lesions and oral cancer. Materials and Methods: GDPs (n=125) were surveyed about their knowledge about chairside diagnostic techniques for early detection and screening of suspicious oral lesions. The interview was based on a pre-structured questionnaire containing 14 closed ended questions. Chi square test was used for evaluating the association of survey parameters. Result: 95.2% of dentists do diagnosis and management of suspicious oral lesions along with chief complaints. There is a strong association between the educational status of GDPs and their method for management of suspicious oral lesions (p=0.002). 84.5% of the postgraduate GDPs are aware of chemiluminescence methods than graduate level GDPs (p =0.0009). Majority of the graduate GDPs are unaware of VELScope(p=0.0009). Usage of all non-invasive techniques was found to be less among graduate GDPs (p=0.002). Conclusion: The overall awareness of the dentists involved in the study were good and postgraduate GDPs are more aware and practically ahead about the non-invasive diagnostic techniques than graduate GDPs.