ABSTRACT
Because of the nanometre resolution, piconewton force sensitivity, label-free technique and the ability to operate in liquid environments, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as a powerful tool to explore the biofilm development processes. AFM provides three-dimensional topography and structural details of biofilm surfaces under in-situ conditions. It also helps to generate key information on the mechanical properties of biofilm surfaces, such as elasticity and stickiness. Additionally, single-molecule and single-cell force spectroscopies can be applied to measure the strength of adhesion, attraction, and repulsion forces between cell-solid and cell-cell surfaces. This paper outlined the basic principle of AFM technique and introduced recent advances in the application of AFM for the investigation of ultra-morphological, mechanical and interactive properties of biofilms. Furthermore, the existing problems and future prospects were discussed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of biofilm cleaning agents and multienzyme cleaning agents in the cleaning of tubular instruments. Methods About 200 pieces of intramedullary nail used in tibial fracture and intramedullary nailing were selected and divided into multienzyme cleaning group and biomembrane cleaning group according to the order of recovery. According to the random number table method, each group had 100 pieces. The biofilm cleaning group was cleaned with biological membrane cleaning agent, and the multienzyme cleaning group was cleaned with multienzyme cleaning agent. The cleaning effect of luminal instruments was observed by means of microscopy, dipstick test and ATP bioluminescence assay. Result The cleaning quality and biofilm removal effect of the biofilm cleaning group were better than those of the multienzyme cleaning group (P<0.05). Conclusion Cleaning the luminal instruments with biomembrane cleaning agent can improve the cleaning quality and prevent the formation of bacterial biofilm.
ABSTRACT
Caries is one of the most common chronic progressive oral diseases. TCM medicinal herbs have many advantages compared with traditional dental drugs for caries (such as fluoride). In recent years, cariogenic TCM medicinal herbs have attracted the attention of many domestic and foreign scholars. Caries is not caused by a single factor. The development of caries is closely related to bacterial biofilms that are formed by streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces inside, actinomyces and lactobacillus. Therefore, this article took a brief overview of TCM medicinal herbs and their active ingredients that inhibit the bacterial biofilms.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the influence of clindamycin (CM) on the biofilm of mucoid P. aeruginosa (PA). Methods A biofilm model of mucoid PA were reproduced in vitro by plate culture method, and it was identified under SEM (scanning electronic microscopy). The viable bacteria were counted by MTT method. The morphology of biofilms was observed under SEM. Results Stable PA biofilms formed after PA was incubated for 7 days. The viable bacteria and biofilm morphology showed little change in single CM or levofloxacin (LFX) drug groups. When CM was combined with LFX, the number of viable bacteria was significantly decreased, and the biofilm structure was damaged, and the remaining bacteria were separated. Conclusion Clindamycin can suppress the biofilm formation of mucoid PA when combined with LFX.