ABSTRACT
Japan has been speculated to have more than 10,000 bathing accidents per year, and the number increases annually. In particular, the number of bathing accidents in the elderly is increasing.<BR> I investigated the bathing accidents that occurred in Noboribetsu City between April of 2014 and March of 2015 with the full cooperation of the Noboribetsu ambulance service. There were 52 accidents in total; 25 occurred in women with an average age of 64.4±20.5 years, and 27 occurred in men with an average age of 70.7±18.2 years.<BR> In 11 cases, patients were transported via ambulance because of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Eight of these patients were men, and three were women; 10 of the 11 CPA patients were brought to the hospital during the winter.<BR> Although I was unable to clearly determine whether alcohol consumption influenced the increase in the number and seriousness of bathing accidents, I do not recommend heavy alcohol consumption because of the additional risk of consciousness disturbance and drowning.<BR> The number of bathing accidents at the patient’s own home in Noboribetsu City increased significantly (P<0.05) in the winter, and I found no correlation between the season of the year and the number of accidents in public baths in Noboribetsu City and the number of accidents in hotels and inns in Noboribetsu hot springs.
ABSTRACT
Japan has been speculated to have more than 10,000 bathing accidents per year, and the number increases annually. In particular, the number of bathing accidents in the elderly is increasing. I investigated the bathing accidents that occurred in Noboribetsu City between April of 2014 and March of 2015 with the full cooperation of the Noboribetsu ambulance service. There were 52 accidents in total; 25 occurred in women with an average age of 64.4±20.5 years, and 27 occurred in men with an average age of 70.7±18.2 years. In 11 cases, patients were transported via ambulance because of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). Eight of these patients were men, and three were women; 10 of the 11 CPA patients were brought to the hospital during the winter. Although I was unable to clearly determine whether alcohol consumption influenced the increase in the number and seriousness of bathing accidents, I do not recommend heavy alcohol consumption because of the additional risk of consciousness disturbance and drowning. The number of bathing accidents at the patient’s own home in Noboribetsu City increased significantly (P<0.05) in the winter, and I found no correlation between the season of the year and the number of accidents in public baths in Noboribetsu City and the number of accidents in hotels and inns in Noboribetsu hot springs.
ABSTRACT
Content We investigated 76 cases during the 6-year period from 1999 to 2005 in which a patient who developed a consciousness disorder while bathing was brought to the Emergency and Critical Care Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East. In. 86% of the cases the patient was in cardiopulmonary arrest, and they had a group of diseases with a poor prognosis in which the outcome was death, even the 6% of the patients who were resuscitated.<BR>The most common age group was the 70-to 79-year group, which contained 46% of the patients, and those 70 years of age and older accounted for 70% of the total.<BR> Examination was possible in 16 cases, and the most common category, in 10 of them, was “drowning/suspicion of transient ischemic attack”. Adequate examinations were not performed on the patients who died in the outpatient department. Moreover, because the autopsy rate was low, it was impossible to make a definitive etiological diagnosis. However, the fact that “many were elderly persons whose autonomic nervous system's regulatory function is reduced” and that “the incidence was highest during the winter (53% during the 3 months from December to February)” suggests involvement of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases secondary to changes in blood pressure. Many preventive measures have been described in the literature, and improvement in the resuscitation rate is expected as a result of becoming familiar with. and thoroughly implementing them. All 10 cases that occurred in public baths, where the time before discovery should have been short, were cases of cardiopulmonary arrest, and it is impossible to clearly explain why resuseitation attempts failed in all 10 of them. In order to identify the causative diseases we think it would be worthwhile to consider 1) performing a whole-body CT examination after confirming death, and 2) perforrning open-chest cardiac massage (only in patients brought to the hospital within a short time).