ABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar o progresso no desenvolvimento de crianças antes e após programa de intervenção e atenção precoce em um Centro de Educação Infantil localizado na cidade de Curitiba, estado do Paraná. Para isso,foram realizadas avaliações cognitivo-comportamentais através da Escala Bayley de Desenvolvimento III antes e após procedimentos de intervenção parental e escolar referentes à estimulação para um desenvolvimento adequado. A Variável Progresso(VP) é resultado da diferença entre a idade de desenvolvimento e a idade cronológica, dividido pela idade cronológica e multiplicado por 100. Esta Variável foi utilizada para comparar o desempenho antes e a após os procedimentos de intervenção. As diferenças nos índices da VP nos domínios cognitivo, linguagem receptiva e linguagem expressiva foram significativas. Nos domínios motricidade fina e motricidade grossa essa diferença não foi encontrada. Os resultados indicaram que a intervenção foi eficiente em prevenir riscos de desenvolvimento nos domínios de cognição, linguagem receptiva e linguagem expressiva. Desta forma, a intervenção e atenção precoce parecem ser um conjunto de ações importantes para a minimização de riscos e potencialização do desenvolvimento adequado da criança.
This study aimed to identify the progress in development in children before and after an early intervention program in a preschool located in Curitiba, Paraná - Brazil. Inorder to do that, the children were submitted to cognitive and behavioral evaluations with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - Third Edition before and after the intervention procedures with their parents and the school about stimulation for an adequate development. The Progress Variable (PV) is the result of the difference between age of development and chronological age, divided by the chronological age and multiplied by 100. This variable was used in order to comparethe development before and after the intervention procedures. The differences in the PV index for the cognition, receptive language and expressive language were significant. In the fine and gross motor domains this difference was not found. The results indicate that the intervention was efficient in preventing developmental risksin cognition, receptive language and expressive language. Therefore, the early intervention appears to be a series of actions important for the minimization of risksand potentialization of adequate development of the children
Subject(s)
Infant , Child Development , Cognition , LanguageABSTRACT
Aim To explore the protective effect of ac-tive components of Xiaoxuming decoction ( XXMD ) on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats dur-ing early recovery period .Methods The ischemia and reperfusion of middle cerebral artery model rats were established by nylon wire with 2 hours ischemic time on healthy male SD rats .The models of MCAO were eval-uated by Zea-Longa′s standard score .The model rats were randomly divided into sham operation group , the ischemia/reperfusion model group , the active compo-nents group of Xiaoxuming decoction and the positive group (extract of ginkgo biloba leaves EGb 761).Rats were orally administrated with different drugs 24 h after operation for up to 14 days, once a day.The effect of active components of Xiaoxuming decoction on behavior changes of MCAO rats in different recovery period was evaluated by a series of behavioral assessent methods such as modified neurological severity scores and cor-ner test.The infarct volume was observed by TTC stai-ning.Moreover, the contents of MDA and the activities of GSH-Px, SOD and NOS in the penumbra and core tissues of rat brain were detected by spectrophotometric method.Results Compared with the I/R model group, the active components group of XXMD could significantly alleviate the neurological deficit scores with prolonged administration . The motion function tended to be normal , stayed longer on the balance beam, sensory function gradually restored sensitivity , reduced the radio of turning to the right .Among them , compared with model group , the active components of XXMD could effectively improve the neurological dys-function after five days of administration ( P<0.05, P<0.01).Meanwhile, the active components of Xiaox-uming decoction could significantly reduce the infarct volume percentage in the cerebral tissue on post opera-tion day 5 and 14(P<0.01).In addition, the active components of XXMD could reduce the content of MDA and the activity of NOS , increase the activity of SOD and GSH-Px.Conclusion The active components of XXMD can generate neuroprotective effect in early stage of recovery and may play a major role in regula-ting the level of oxidative stress in rat brain .