Bibliometric and visual analysis of Chinese scarlet fever literature / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the research status and trend of scarlet fever literature in China, and to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Three major Chinese databases, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, as well as Web of Science English database, were used to search for literature related to scarlet fever from 2000 to 2023. Citespace6.2.R2 software was used to statistically analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions and journals, co-cited literature, keyword clustering, and other literature characteristics of the literature. Results From 2000 to 2023, a total of 1 011 Chinese literature were included in the three major Chinese databases. Since 2011, the number of publications had gradually increased, but in recent years, the number of publications had decreased. The organization with the most publications was the Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The cluster analysis of key words mainly formed 9 cluster tags, and the high-frequency keywords mainly included epidemic characteristics, epidemiology, incidence rate, etc. A total of 84 English literature were included in the WOS database, with an overall upward trend in publication volume. The institution with the most publications was the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the most frequently cited journal was “LANCET INFECT DIS”.《Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study》 was the most cited journal. After keyword cluster analysis, 9 cluster labels were mainly formed, and the keywords were mainly outbreak，Hong Kong, and Group A streptococcus. Conclusion Compared with the English literature, which mainly focuses on spatiotemporal aggregation, etiology and strain resistance, Chinese literature focuses more on epidemic surveillance, clinical features and quality nursing.

Chorea as the first presenting sign of rheumatic fever in a 12-year-old female child

Rheumatic chorea (RC*) is a movement disorder seen in young children and adolescents with a recent history of incompletely treated group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis. Although, it rarely presents as the first manifestation of the rheumatic fever, physicians should be aware of the disease, so that early diagnosis and prompt treatment may lead to elimination of the pathogen and prevent further disease progression. We present a case of a 12-year-old female child who presented with only RC as the first clinical sign.

Scarlet fever associated with hepatitis in pediatrics: a case report / Hepatitis asociada a escarlatina en pediatría: reporte de caso

INTRODUCCIÓN: La escarlatina es una enfermedad común en Pediatría, causada por Estreptococo beta hemolítico grupo A (SBHGA), la cual generalmente se presenta después de un episodio de faringitis, y con excelente pronóstico general. La hepatitis secundaria a escarlatina es una complicación, descrita muy rara vez en niños. Nuestro objetivo fue reportar la ocurrencia de hepatitis secundaria a escarlati na en un paciente pediátrico. CASO CLÍNICO: Varón de 12 años cursando escarlatina, quien se presentó con una historia de 4 días de ictericia, coluria y disminución del apetito. Los exámenes de laboratorio revelaron elevación de las transaminasas y de los niveles de bilirrubina total y directa, y estudios vira les negativos para Hepatitis A, B y C, Virus de Epstein Barr, Parvovirus B19, Citomegalovirus, Virus Herpes 6 y Herpes simplex 1 y 2. Ecografía abdominal fue normal. DISCUSIÓN: La hepatitis es una complicación inhabitual de la escarlatina, cuya patogénesis aún no está clara. La producción de citoquinas a través del daño celular mediado por la exotoxina pirógena estreptocócica, se ha propuesto como un posible mecanismo de hepatotoxicidad en infecciones por SBHGA. CONCLUSIÓN: La hepati tis asociada a escarlatina continúa siendo una entidad rara, pero de curso benigno, con recuperación plena en semanas a meses.

INTRODUCTION: Scarlet fever is a common illness in pediatrics caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS), which usually occurs after an episode of pharyngitis, and has an overall excellent prognosis. Hepatitis secondary to scarlet fever is a rare complication described in adults and even less frequently in children. Our objective was to describe a case of hepatitis secondary to scarlet fever in a pediatric patient. CLINICAL CASE: A 12-year-old male with scarlet fever presented with a 4-day history of jaundice, dark urine, and decreased appetite. Laboratory tests revealed elevated liver enzy mes and total and direct bilirubin levels, and negative studies for hepatitis A, B and C, Epstein Barr virus, parvovirus B19, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, human herpes virus-6, and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2. Abdominal ultrasound examination was normal. DISCUSSION: The pathogenesis of scarlet fever associated hepatitis remains unclear. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin mediated cellular injury via cytokine production has been proposed as a possible mechanism of hepatotoxicity in GABHS infections. CONCLUSION: Hepatitis secondary to scarlet fever remains a rare but benign entity, with complete recovery expected over weeks to months.

Estudio Prospectivo Observacional: Determinar la Sensibilidad del Criterio Clínico usando la Escala de "Centor" versus el Test de Detección Rápida de Estreptococo para el diagnóstico de Faringitis Estreptocócica del Grupo A en el Centro de Salud Bárbara / Observational Prospective Study: Determine the Sensitivity of the Clinical Criteria using the "Centor" Scale versus the Rapid Streptococcal Screening Test for the diagnosis of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis at the Bárbara Health Center

Introducción: Las faringitis producidas por el estreptococo beta hemolítico del grupo A no se pueden distinguir clínicamente de las faringitis producidas por otros gérmenes, sin embargo la utilización de los criterios de Centor y el test de detección rápida de antígeno son de gran utilidad para determinar las probabilidades que estos sean causados por el estreptococo beta hemolítico del grupo A. En este estudio se comparó la sensibilidad entre ambos métodos. Objetivos: Se realizó un estudio para determinar la sensibilidad del criterio clínico en el diagnóstico de faringitis causada por Estreptococo en comparación a la sensibilidad del test de detección rápida de antígeno. Metodología: En el Centro de Salud Bárbara, se tomaron a los pacientes pediátricos que consultaron por dolor de garganta durante dos meses. Se puntuó según la escala de Centor y se tomó una muestra para el test de detección rápida de antígeno, luego, se comparó con el cultivo de orofaringe. Resultados: Se comparó la sensibilidad de ambos parámetros. Discusión: Un puntaje ≥ 3 puntos en la escala de Centor tuvo una sensibilidad de 81.8% y especificidad de 50%. Mientras que el RADT presentó una sensibilidad del 83.3% y especificidad de 84.2%.

Introduction: Pharyngitis caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci cannot be distinguished clinically from pharyngitis caused by other germs, however the use of the Centor criteria and the rapid antigen detection test are very useful to determine this pathogen. These are likely to be caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus. In this study the sensitivity between the two methods were compared. Objectives: A study was conducted to determine the sensitivity of clinical criteria in the diagnosis of pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus in comparison to the sensitivity of the rapid antigen detection test. Methodology: In the Barbara Health Center, pediatric patients who consulted for sore throat for two months were taken. It was scored according to the Centor scale and a sample was taken for the rapid antigen detection test, later these were compared with the oropharynx culture. Results: The sensitivity of both parameters were compared. Discussion: A score ≥ 3 points on the Centor scale had a sensitivity of 81.8% and specificity of 50%. While the RADT presented a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 84.2%.

Lidocaine as a diluent for Benzathine Penicillin G for injection pain in children with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: A randomized double-blind crossover study

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: Rheumatic fever (RF) and Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) patients necessitate secondary prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin G (BPG) injection every 3 weeks to prevent recurrences and complications. Patients with rheumatic fever on regular benzathine penicillin G injection usually experience moderate to severe pain resulting to poor compliance to treatment. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> This study aims to compare the effect of BPG diluted in lidocaine hydrochloride 1%  versus diluted water in reducing injection pain in patients with RF and RHD.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>METHODS</strong>: This is a randomized double-blind crossover study conducted at the PCMC OPD. Thirty-three patients diagnosed with RF and RHD were divided into 2 groups; the first group received BPG diluted in sterile water followed by BPG diluted in lidocaine hydrochloride  1% after 21 days, the second group received the same medication in reverse order. Pain scale was measured using Universal pain assessment tool immediately after injection. Paired T test was used to compare the pain score results of the two groups.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Pain score was significantly less in patients who received BPG diluted in lidocaine hydrochloride 1%; from an average pain score of 4.88 to 0.63 (p<0.0001), among those who received BPG diluted in sterile water. No adverse effects were seen in all patients.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This study concluded that BPG diluted in lidocaine hydrochloride 1% significantly and safely reduced post-injection pain. In all patients diagnosed with RF and RHD, BPG injection should be diluted in lidocaine hydrochloride 1% to decrease injection pain and improve patient's compliance.</p>

Necrotizing fasciitis in a dog: a case report / Fasciitis necrotizante en un perro: reporte de caso / Fasciíte necrotizante em um cão: relato de caso

A case of necrotizing fasciitis is described in a two years-old dog. The animal was a male French Bulldog with a history of acute claudication of the right forelimb and no history of trauma. On clinical examination a severe limping was evident. The animal was not supporting on the affected limb and presented high body temperature and severe swelling of the limb. Blood tests revealed hypoalbuminemia and leukocytosis. Exploratory surgery was performed after suspecting a rapidly evolving acute infection. Necrotic areas were identified in skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle. Debridement, abundant flushing, and placement of drains in the affected areas were performed. A sample for cell culture taken during surgery resulted in isolation of beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, which lead to a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. The patient evolved favorably, gaining support on the affected limb four weeks after the intervention. There are few reports in veterinary medicine worldwide on patients affected with necrotizing fasciitis. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in a dog.

Se describe el un caso de fasciitis necrotizante en un canino de 2 años de edad, macho, de raza Bulldog Francés, con historia clínica de claudicación aguda del miembro anterior derecho, sin antecedentes de trauma. En el examen clínico se evidenció una cojera severa, sin apoyo del miembro afectado, con elevación de la temperatura corporal e inflamación severa del miembro afectado. En los exámenes de sangre se evidenció una hipoalbuminemia y leucocitosis. Con la sospecha de una infección aguda, de rápida evolución, se realizó una cirugía exploratoria,detectando áreas de tejido necrótico desde piel, subcutáneo, fascia y musculatura. Se realizó un desbridamiento, lavado abundante y colocación de drenajes en las zonas afectadas; durante la cirugía se tomó un cultivo donde se aisló Streptococcus beta hemolítico, llegando al diagnóstico de fasciitis necrotizante. El paciente presentó una evolución favorable con apoyo normal del miembro afectado a partir de la cuarta semana post intervención. Existen pocos reportes en medicina veterinaria sobre pacientes afectados con fasciitis necrotizante a nivel mundial, siendo el objetivo del presente trabajo describir el diagnóstico y tratamiento de dicha patologia en un canino.

Descreve-se um caso de fasciíte necrotizante em um cão de 2 anos de idade, macho, da raça Buldogue Francês, com história clínica de claudicação aguda do membro anterior direito, sem antecedentes de trauma. No exame clinico evidenciou-se uma manqueira severa, sem apoio do membro afetado, com elevação da temperatura corporal e inflamação severa do membro afetado. Nos exames de sangue evidenciou-se uma hipoalbuminemia e leucose. Com a suspeita de uma infecção aguda, de rápida evolução, realizou-se uma cirurgia exploratória detectando áreas de tecido necrótico desde pele, subcutâneo, fáscia e musculatura. Realizou-se um desbridamento, lavado abundante e colocação de drenagens nas regiões afetadas, durante a cirurgia tomou-se um pedaço de tecido para cultivo, onde foi isolado Streptococcus beta hemolítico, chegando até o diagnóstico de fasciíte necrotizante. O paciente apresentou uma evolução favorável com apoio normal do membro afetado a partir da quarta semana após intervenção. Existem poucos reportes em medicina veterinária sobre pacientes afetados com fasciíte necrotizante no mundo, sendo o objetivo do presente trabalho descrever o diagnóstico e tratamento dessa patologia em um cão.

Tipificación mediante electroforesis de campos pulsantes de cepas de Streptococcus beta hemolíticos presentes en un brote de faringitis en niños / Typing by pulsed field gel electrophoresis of beta hemolytic Streptococcus strains present in a pharyngitis outbreak in children

Introducción: en infecciones por Streptococcus beta hemolíticos los del grupo A de Lancefield son el principal causante de faringitis en niños, y entre los no A los del Grupo C ocupan un lugar importante. Objetivo: tipificar molecularmente las cepas que participaron en un brote de faringitis en niños y demostrar la utilidad de la técnica de electroforesis de campos pulsantes en la identificación de las cepas circulantes. Métodos: se caracterizaron mediante electroforesis de campos pulsantes 12 aislados de Streptococcusbeta hemolíticos pertenecientes a niños atendidos en el Hospital Juan Manuel Márquez durante un brote de faringitis aguda en los meses de enero a marzo de 2008. Resultados: mediante el test de seroagrupamiento se encontró que 6 de los aislados, correspondiente al primer periodo del brote, eran Streptococcus del grupo C y los otros 6 aislados clasificaron como Streptococcuspyogenes, con una mayor presencia en la segunda etapa del brote. La subtipificación mediante la macrorrestriccion con SmaI y electroforesis de campos pulsantes mostró la existencia de dos poblaciones clonales consecutivas durante el brote. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos demuestran la utilidad que pudiera tener la subtipificación de aislados mediante electroforesis de campos pulsantes durante un brote o una reemergencia facilitando el control epidemiológico, la localización de la fuente y la toma de decisiones cuando esta fuera necesaria(AU)

Introduction: in the context of infection by beta hemolytic Streptococci, Lancefield group A is the main cause of pharyngitis in children, whereas Streptococci C play an important role in the non group A. Aims: the purpose of the study was to molecularly typify the strains involved in a pharyngitis outbreak in children, and show the usefulness of pulsed field gel electrophoresis technique for identification of circulating strains. Methods: twelve beta hemolytic Streptococcus isolates from children cared for at Juan Manual Márquez hospital were characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis during an acute pharyngitis outbreak from January to March 2008. Results: the serogrouping test found that six of the isolates, corresponding to the first stage of the outbreak, were group C Streptococci, whereas the other six classified as Streptococcus pyogenes, with a greater presence in the second stage. Subtyping by Sma I macrorestriction and pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of two consecutive clonal populations during the outbreak. Conclusions: results show the potential usefulness of subtyping isolates with pulsed field gel electrophoresis during an outbreak or an instance of re-emergence, thus facilitating epidemiological control, location of the source, and decision making when required(AU)

Frecuencia de antiestreptolisina O y antidesoxirribonucleasa B como indicador de infección estreptocócica en estudiantes de una unidad educativa del estado Aragua

En este estudio se determinó la frecuencia de anticuerpos antiestreptolisina O (ASO) por neutralización y nefelometría y anticuerpos antidesoxirribonucleasa B (antiDNasa B) mediante nefelometría en 177 estudiantes seleccionados de manera aleatoria de una unidad educativa del municipio Francisco Linares Alcántara, estado Aragua. El porcentaje de títulos elevados para ASO por neutralización obtenido en los escolares fue 8,5% y por nefelometría 39,6%, estableciéndose que el método nefelométrico detectó mayor porcentaje de individuos con títulos altos. Con respecto a la antiDNasa B, 28,3% de los estudiantes presentaron títulos por encima del valor normal. Los escolares con edades entre 8 a 10 años exhibieron el mayor porcentaje de títulos elevados. La alta prevalencia de ASO observada revela que la infección por S. pyogenes es importante. Las complicaciones y secuelas no se estudiaron, por lo que las medidas de prevención y control deben dirigirse a prevenir las posibles secuelas. Tomando en cuenta que la mayoría de los estudiantes estaban asintomáticos se hace necesario realizar estudios en los cuales se aísle S. pyogenes, como también estudios en los cuales se establezcan los valores referenciales para las diferentes pruebas realizadas en este estudio.

In this study, the frequency of antistreptolysin O (ASO) antibodies was determined through neutralization and nephelometry and antidesoxiribonuclease B (antiDNase B) antibodies through nephelometry in 177 students from a teaching unit located in the Francisco Linares Alcantara Municipality of Aragua State. The percentage of elevated ASO titers by neutralization obtained in the school children was 8.5% and by nephelometry 39,6%, showing that the nephelometry method detects a higher percentage of individuals with high titers. Regarding antiDNase B, 28.3% of the students showed titers over the normal value. School children with ages between 8 and 10 years showed the greatest percentage of elevated titers. The high ASO prevalence observed reveals that infection by S. pyogenes is important. The complications and sequels were not studied, due to which prevention and control measures should be addressed to prevent possible sequels. Considering that most of the students were asymptomatic, it is necessary to carry out studies to isolate S. pyogene, well as studies to establish the referential values for the various tests done in this study.

A Study of Clinical Manifestations of Acute Rheumatic Fever

PURPOSE: In developed countries, acute rheumatic fever appears to be a vanishing disease. In Korea, the incidence and severity of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) has significantly decreased in recent 30 years. According to this report, Korea sustained low incidence of ARF. METHODS: The medical records of 5 children diagnosed as ARF from January 2000 to September 2006 were reviewed retrospectively about clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. RESULTS: The average incidence of rheumatic fever was 0.17 per annual pediatric in-ward 1,000 patients. During study period, only 1 case had a definite history of preceding infection. Among 5 patients, the incidence of major manifestations were as follows:carditis 5 cases, chorea 1 case, arthritis 1 case and erythema marginatum 2 cases. Clinical findings of carditis were cardiac murmur, cardiomegly, congestive heart failure and pericardial effusion. Significant valvular lesions were mitral and aortic insufficiency. Minor manifestations and other clinical manifestations were fever, arthralgia, dyspnea, coughing, palpitation, weakness and chest pain. Laboratory findings were increased antistreptolysin O titer, positive C reactive protein (CRP) and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). CONCLUSION: The incidence of ARF has reduced but rheumatic carditis varies in severity from moderate to severe cardiac involvement. For many reasons ARF is being diagnosed inappropriately resulting from lack of awareness about the disease due to rarity and secondary prophylaxis. We should be aware of acute rheumatic fever and should pay attention to the treatment of the patients with streptococcal pharyngitis.

A Case of Rhabdomyolysis Caused by Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcal Tonsillopharyngitis / 대한신장학회잡지

Bywaters and beall first reported rhabdomyolysis during World War II; the pigmented casts were found in renal tubules of 4 patients who died of acute renal failure after crushing injury. Since then, several cases of rhabdomyolysis with or without acute renal failure have been reported. The causes such as surgical injuries, excessive exercise, and drug abuse have been suggested as possible etiologies of rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome as a result of releasing of myocyte components from the injured striated muscles into blood stream. Clinical manifestations have ranged from asymptomatic elevation of creatinine kinase to acute renal failure which is a life threatening medical emergency. The most common cause of rhabdomyolysis is traumatic muscular injury. The others include alcohol abuse, metabolic disorder, drug, toxins, carbon monoxide poisoning, burn, vascular occlusion, excessive exercise, and bacterial or viral infections and sepsis. Among these, rhabdomyolysis caused by Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus is very rare. However, rhabdomyolysis due to pharyngitis has not been reported. We report a case of rhabdomyolysis associated with Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

A Case of Endophthalmitis due to Group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus Sepsis / 감염과화학요법

Identified first by Lancefield and Hare in 1935, the group G streptococcus occurs as commensals in the skin, pharynx, intestine, and vagina. It has been reported to cause a variety of human infections, such as sepsis, endocarditis, peritonitis, pharyngitis, and infective arthritis. Group G streptococcus sepsis could occur in chronic states such as malignancy, diabetes, alcoholics, neurologic disease, cardiovarscular disease, and end stage renal disease, however, there has been only a few case reports of endogenous endopthalmitis caused by group G streptococcus. We report herein endogenous endopthalmitis caused by group G streptococcus sepsis in 64-year-old man of alcoholic.

A Case of Endophthalmitis due to Group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus Sepsis / 감염과화학요법

Identified first by Lancefield and Hare in 1935, the group G streptococcus occurs as commensals in the skin, pharynx, intestine, and vagina. It has been reported to cause a variety of human infections, such as sepsis, endocarditis, peritonitis, pharyngitis, and infective arthritis. Group G streptococcus sepsis could occur in chronic states such as malignancy, diabetes, alcoholics, neurologic disease, cardiovarscular disease, and end stage renal disease, however, there has been only a few case reports of endogenous endopthalmitis caused by group G streptococcus. We report herein endogenous endopthalmitis caused by group G streptococcus sepsis in 64-year-old man of alcoholic.

Comparison of Two Rapid Antigen Detection Tests for Diagnosis of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis

PURPOSE: Recently, a number of rapid antigen detection tests have been available to diagnose group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity and consistency of the two rapid antigen detection tests. METHODS: Among the patients who visited our clinic from November 2001 to February 2002, 61 patients who had clinical findings of pharyngeal erythema or edema, pharyngeal exudates and soft palatine petechiae were enrolled in our study. A total of 61 patients were tested with rapid antigen detection tests and throat culture. BD LINK2TM Strep A(Becton, Dickinson and Company, U.S.A.) and QuickVue(R) In-LineTM(Quidel Corporation, U.S.A.) were selected for rapid antigen detection tests. RESULTS: Of the 61 patients tested, 22 patients were confirmed as group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis by throat culture. The BD LINK2TM Strep A had a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity 89.7%. The positive and negative predictive values were 81.8% and 89.7%, respectively. The QuickVue(R) In-LineTM had a sensitivity of 77.3% and a specificity of 100%. The positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 88.6%, respectively. The kappa values of BD LINK2TM Strep A and QuickVue(R) In-LineTM were 0.72 and 0.81, respectively. CONCLUSION: In addition to high sensitivity, specificity and consistency, both kits are easy to use and simple to interpret, and therefore have the potential to be used with backup throat culture for diagnosis of acute pharyngotonsillitis.

Cranio-Cervico-facial Necrotizing fasciitis

Necrotizing fasciitis is rare acute infection showing rapidly necrosis involve the subcutaneous tissue and fascia. If treatment is delayed, infection can spread to involve the subcutaneous tissue, skin, deep fascia, and even muscle in rapid sequence, resulting in widespread necrosis and moderate to severe systemic toxicity. Most commonly this disease presents in the extremities, trunk, and perineum; it is relatively rare in the head and neck regions. If not diagnosed and treated in its early stages, necrotizing fasciitis can be potentially fatal, with a motality rate approaching 40%. Historically, the clinical entity now referred to as necrotizing fasciitis was described in the literature under various name. : hospital gangrene, necrotizing erysipelas, streptococcal gangrene, suppurative fasciitis. Necrotizing fasciitis was first described by Wilson in 1952. We experienced 3 cases of necrotizing fasciitis and will report review of literature with diagnosis, treatment, complication and consideration.

A Case of Neonatal Death due to Group B beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Sepsis / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Since 1970, the group B streptococcus(GBS) has been a significant cause of neonatal sepsis in the West. Two distinct forms of disease occur in neonates. Early-onset disease which occurs within 7 days after birth is characterized by respiratory distress, apnea, shock, pneumonia, and occasionally meningitis. Late onset disease usually occurs at 3-4 weeks of age(ranging from 7 days to 3 months) and presents occult bacteremia or meningitis. The GBS is thought to be a rare causative agent for neonatal sepsis in Korea. Lately, we experience a case of early-onset GBS sepsis who died at 3rd day of life. We present this case with brief review of literatures.

Two Cases of Liver Abscess Caused by Group G beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus / 감염

Group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus is a normal flora of skin, pharynx, female genital tract, and intestine. Group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus has been reported to cause a variety of human infections, such as pharyngitis, soft tissue infection, arthritis, osteomyelitis, respiratory infection, endocarditis, meningitis, puerperal infection, neonatal sepsis and peritonitis. But liver abscess caused by group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus has not been reported to date. We report two cases of liver abscess caused by group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. One patient with underlying neurofibromatosis presented with fever and diarrhea; the other patient presented with fever and pain on the right upper quadrant of abdomen. Hepatic abscess was diagnosed by computerized tomography and confirmed by percutaneous needle aspiration. Cultures of pus obtained by aspiration revealed group G beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, which were susceptible all tested antibiotics, including penicillin.

Carrier Rate in Normal Korea School Children in 1996

PURPOSE: The accuracy of bacteriologic diagnosis of beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngoton sillitis depends on the degree of carrier rate in that area. It is the purpose of this study to obtain the carrier rate from seven different areas and to find results and epidemiologic factors. METHODS: Throat swab was obtained from the tonsillar fossa of normal school children during March through May 1996. It was then plated on a 5% sheep blood agar plate and incubated overnight at 37 degrees C before examination for the presence of beta-hemolytic colonies. RESULTS: The carrier rate of beta-hemolytic streptococci and group A streptococci were 27.6%, 20.0% at Uljin; 16.3%, 6.3% at Checheon; 16.4%, 2.7% at Seoul; 12.8%, 3.4% at Masan; 33.0%, 26.0% at Osan; 20.0%, 12.3% at Kunsan; and 17.7%, 11.4% at Chongju, respectively. Among 2,159 normal school children from 7 different areas, we obtained 450 plates of beta-hemolytic streptococci. Osan had the highest carrier rate (33.3%) and Masan had the lowest rate (12.8%) of beta-hemolytic streptococci. Among 450 plates of beta-hemolytic streptococci, we obtained 265 strains of group A streptococci. Osan had the highest carrier rate (26.0%) and the Seoul had the lowest rate (2.7%) of group A streptococci. CONCLUSION: Higher carrier rates were found in Uljin and Osan, where there is a lower population density. We supposed that low carrier rates might be related to antibiotic abuse or some epidemiologic factor should be investigated.

Frecuencia de aislamiento de streptococcus agalactiae en un grupo de embarazadas y sus productos / Frequency of isolation of streptococus agalactiae in pregnant women and their offspring

Se estudiaron 86 madres y 61 de sus recien nacidos con el fin de determinar la frecuencia de aislamiento de Streptococcus agalactiae (esptreptococo beta hemolitico del grupo B); no se aislo el germen de ninguno de los cultivos tomados de las secreciones del cuello uterino pero si a partir de las muestras faringeas, en tres de las madres (3.4%) y en dos de sus hijos. El tercer nino no se estudio porque su nacimiento ocurrio por cesarea. Las cifras encontradas en el presente trabajo estan de acuerdo con lo que relata la literatura, pero el bajo numero de casos estudiado no permite hacer consideraciones epidemiologicas mas profundas

A group of 88 pregnant women and 61 of their newborn Infants was studied In order to determine the frequency of isolation of Streptococcus agalactiae; all genital maternal cultures were negative but 3 mothers and 2 Infants had positive pharyngeal secretions; no evidence of streptococcal disease was found in the colonized Infants. The frequency of colonization found in this study agrees with that reported by other authors but the reduced number of cases does not allow In depth epidemiological considerations.