ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Desarrollar una nueva técnica para la transferencia de cianometacrilato de muy baja densidad sobre las superficies internas y externas del corazón. Material y métodos: Se combinó el cianometacrilato curado por luz ultravioleta de muy baja densidad con colorante comercial para demostrar su capacidad de transferencia sobre las superficies externas e internas de un modelo de corazón in vitro. Se mezclaron 0,5 ml de cianometacrilato con 0,2 ml tinta, y el material se inyectó sobre la superficie del corazón en aire seco, lo que permite su fijación durante 2-3 seg. A continuación, toda la preparación se sumergió en solución salina y se agitó vigorosamente para eliminar el compuesto no ligado. Se realizó un experimento similar sin cianometacrilato y con cianometacrilato de alta viscosidad (3000 cps). Se comprobó visualmente después del lavado que una cantidad significativa del compuesto se liga a las superficies del corazón en comparación con la tinta sola. Luego, se investigó la transferencia efectiva del compuesto a las superficies internas y externas del corazón después de haber sumergido el tejido en solución salina. Entre diversas técnicas, la de pincelado fue la más efectiva para la transferencia orientada del compuesto. Mediante esta técnica fue muy fácil transferir el compuesto sobre las superficies endocárdica y epicárdica. También otras áreas específicas, como la orejuela auricular izquierda, las superficies internas del ventrículo izquierdo en el origen del músculo papilar y el ápex ventricular izquierdo, fueron investigadas exitosamente. La fuente de luz ultravioleta fue un dispositivo en forma de lapicera basado en un diodo emisor de luz. Luego del tratamiento con luz ultravioleta, se observó cierta precipitación del compuesto en algunas zonas. El experimento se repitió con tres muestras para determinar el resultado. Conclusiones: La transferencia de cianometacrilato de muy baja viscosidad curado por luz ultravioleta es potencialmente útil para el estudio de las superficies internas y externas del corazón. Esta técnica podría servir para la transferencia de factor de crecimiento.
Background: Cyan methacrylate is a compound with remarkable adhesion properties used in different specific areas, including medicine, where it can be applied in some entities and is also subject of research in the field of cardiology Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a novel technique for the transfer of very-low viscosity cyan methacrylate on the inner and outer surfaces of the heart. Methods: Very-low viscosity ultraviolet curable cyan methacrylate was mixed with commercially available dye to demonstrate its ability of transfer on the inner and outer surfaces of an in-vitro heart model. Cyan methacrylate (0.5 ml) was mixed with 0.2 ml of ink, and the material was injected on the surface of the heart in dry air, allowing its fixation for 2-3 seconds. Subsequently, the whole preparation was immersed in saline, and was vigorously shaken to remove the unbound compound. A similar experi-ment was performed without cyan methacrylate, and with high viscosity cyan methacrylate (3000 cps). A significant amount of the compound was visually found to attach to the surfaces of the heart compared with ink alone. Then, after soaking the tissue in saline solution, effective transfer of the compound was assessed on the inner and the outer surfaces of the heart. Results: Among various techniques, the paintbrush technique was the most effective one for the targeted transfer of the com-pound. With this specific areas, such as instead of specific areas, as technique, it was easier to transfer the compound on the epicardial and endocardial surfaces. Also, other specific areas, as the left atrial appendage, the left ventricular inner surfaces at the origin of the papillary muscle and the left ventricular apex were successfully investigated. The ultraviolet light source was a pen-shaped device based on a light emission diode. Some compound precipitation was observed in some areas following ultraviolet treatment. The experiment was repeated with three different samples to determine the results. Conclusions: Very-low viscosity ultraviolet curable cyan methacrylate transfer is potentially useful to study the inner and outer surfaces of the heart. This technique could be useful for growth factor transfer.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different bio-adhesive materials on in vitro adhesion and retention in artificial gastric acid fluid of Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) bio-adhesive pellets. METHODS: PNS bio-adhesive pellets were prepared with different bio-adhesive materials.The in vitro adhesion of PNS bio-adhesive pellets was determined by the tissue retention method, using HPLC method to determine the contents of PNS(including notoginseng saponins R1, ginseng saponin Rg1 and ginseng saponin Rb1) retained in the pellets after a certain period of time in artificial gastric acid fluid. RESULTS: The contents of PNS retained in PNS bio-adhesive pellets prepared with chitosan and chitosan-carbomer after being placed in artificial gastric acid fluid for 2 h were the largest, which were (27.60±7.45)% and (19.80±3.55)% for R1, (27.01±5.49)% and (19.67±1.39)% for Rg1 and (47.07±6.26)% and (51.08±7.44)% for Rb1, respectively.For in vitro adhesion, HPMC and HPMC-carbomer combination was the best, followed by chitosan and chitosan-carbomer combination. CONCLUSION: PNS bio-adhesive pellets prepared with chitosan and chitosan-carbomer combination bio-adhesive materials can protect PNS from degradation in artificial gastric acid fluid and have good adhesion property.
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to prepare and compare bio-adhesive pellets of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), chitosan, and chitosan : carbomer, explore the influence of different bio-adhesive materials on pharmacokinetics behaviors of PNSbio-adhesive pellets, and evaluate the correlation between in vivo absorption and in vitro release (IVIVC). In order to predict the in vivo concentration-time profile by the in vitro release data of bio-adhesive pellets, the release experiment was performed using the rotating basket method in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. The PNS concentrations in rat plasma were analyzed by HPLC-MS-MS method and the relative bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using Kinetica4.4 pharmacokinetic software. Numerical deconvolution method was used to evaluate IVIVC. Our results indicated that, compared with ordinary pellets, PNS bio-adhesive pellets showed increased oral bioavailability by 1.45 to 3.20 times, increased C, and extended MRT. What's more, the release behavior of drug in HPMC pellets was shown to follow a Fickian diffusion mechanism, a synergetic function of diffusion and skeleton corrosion. The in vitro release and the in vivo biological activity had a good correlation, demonstrating that the PNS bio-adhesive pellets had a better sustained release. Numerical deconvolution technique showed the advantage in evaluation of IVIVC for self-designed bio-adhesive pellets with HPMC. In conclusion, the in vitro release data of bio-adhesive pellets with HPMC can predict its concentration-time profile in vivo.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Acrylic Resins , Adhesives , Chitosan , Drug Carriers , Drug Liberation , In Vitro Techniques , Intestinal Absorption , Methylcellulose , Panax notoginseng , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Metabolism , Pharmacokinetics , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Saponins , Metabolism , PharmacokineticsABSTRACT
Bio-adhesive drug delivery system (BDDS) is a novel drug delivery system, which can prolong the retention time of the preparation, improve the stability of the drug, and improve the mucosa absorption and the targeting of the drug. With the development of polymer materials over the past 30 years, BDDS made a great progress. This paper reviews the muco-adhesion theory, adhesive materials, and methods to evaluate muco-adhesive properties and applications in traditional Chinese medicine according to domestic and foreign literatures, in order to provide new ideas for further studies.
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To study the bioavailability of pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets, the absorption of puerarin was studied using Caco-2 cell monolayer by liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, comparing the Papp of pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets with different bio-adhesive materials. Drugs were administered at a dose of 100 mg·kg-1 via ig. The plasma concentration of puerarin was determined by HPLC, the pharmacokinetics were calculated with the WinNonlin 6.0 software. The results showed that the Papp of bio-adhesive and floating pellets with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-cabomer was largest, which had a significant difference (P0-t of pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets was 1.79 times of pueraria flavonoids, the Cmax of pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets and pueraria flavonoids had a significant difference (P<0.05). What's more the MRT had prolonged. In conclusion, pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets with HPMC-cabomer could significantly facilitate the transport of puerarin on Caco-2 cellular monolayers. The bioavailability of pueraria flavonoids bio-adhesive and floating pellets with HPMC-cabomer was increased more than pueraria flavonoids with a sustained release effect.
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Introduction: Brenta’s silt-clay (BrentaKer®, EGAP, Italy) is a natural sediment containing minerals pertaining to Italian Dolomite Alps mountains, which is extracted from the catchment area of Brenta river. Particle-size distribution, mineralogical, chemical, tensiometric investigations with some observational findings open to new perspectives for its application in beauty & wellness field. On these basis, surface energy evaluations of tensiometric affinity with the skin by TVS modelling [1] and in-vivo clinical studies of anti-acne properties of Brenta’s silt-clay were performed. Objectives: The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of the Brenta’s silt-clay in anti-acne cosmetic treatments. These properties were hypothesized on the basis of its tensiometric affinity for the skin, as determined by the Bio-adhesive TVS index [1]. Materials and Methods: Surface energy studies were performed by contact angle method, using the DSA10-Kruss tensiometer (diiodomethane, FomblinHC/25®PFPE, glycerine as liquid tests). Bio-adhesive TVS index levels were originated from overlapping Brenta’s silt-clay and skin’s tensiometric prints. 10 healthy volunteers with mild-moderate facial acne vulgaris with a maximum of 20 comedones, 50 papules and pustules, without nodules or cysts were enrolled [2]. A mud composed by 15g of γ-rays irradiated Brenta’s silt-clay (Oroscare, EGAP, Italy) and 10g of water was prepared and applied on the areas of the face to be treated (15 minutes, twice a week, 30 days). Number of a) comedones, papules and pustules, (b) quantity of sebum (Sebumeter-CK), (c) pH (pH-Meter-CK), and (d) soothing effect evaluated by skin’s colour (Mexameter-CK) were analysed at baseline (T0), after 15 (T15) and 30 (T30) days. Results: In three subjects, the Bio-adhesive TVS index showed maximal affinity between Brenta’s silt-clay (DC=17.8±4 mN/m, PC=32.0±4.6 mN/m, SFE=49.8 mN/m) and untreated skin (DC=13.5±4.1, PC=19.67±13.4, SFE=33.2±16.2), indicating that the surface energy of Brenta’s silt-clay was higher than that of the skin and suggesting its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability. In T0-T30 period the number of papules significantly decreased from 11.3±3, 83 to 10.6±3, 74 (p=0.033). In the same period, the number of postules decreased from to 2.5±1.5 to 1.9±2.02 (p=0.055) whereas the papular colorimetric measurement diminished from 618±13.5 to 613.0±6.80 (p=0.046). Sebum values significantly decreased both in T0-T15 (-28.7%, p=0.027) and in T0-T30 (-32.7%, p=0.017) periods. Finally, significant changing of pH and colorimetric measurements on healthy skin were not observed. Conclusions: In subjects with mild to moderated facial acne vulgaris, a mask based on Brenta’s silt-clay regulates the sebum, reduces papular inflammatory, maintains cutaneous physiological conditions, suggesting its efficacy in anti-acne treatment. Bio-adhesive TVS index analysis suggests that this efficacy is probably related to its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Brenta’s silt-clay (BrentaKer®, EGAP, Italy) is a natural sediment containing minerals pertaining to Italian Dolomite Alps mountains, which is extracted from the catchment area of Brenta river. Particle-size distribution, mineralogical, chemical, tensiometric investigations with some observational findings open to new perspectives for its application in beauty & wellness field. On these basis, surface energy evaluations of tensiometric affinity with the skin by TVS modelling1) and in-vivo clinical studies of anti-cellulite properties of Brenta’s silt-clay were performed. Objectives: The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of the Brenta’s silt-clay in anti-cellulite cosmetic treatments. These properties were hypothesized on the basis of its tensiometric affinity for the skin, as determined by the Bio-adhesive TVS index1). Materials and Methods: Surface energy studies were performed by contact angle method, using the DSA10-Kruss tensiometer (diiodomethane, FomblinHC/25®PFPE, glycerine as liquid tests). Bio-adhesive TVS index levels were originated from overlapping Brenta’s silt-clay and skin’s tensiometric prints. γ-rays irradiated Brenta’s silt-clay (Oroscare, EGAP, Italy) was inserted in a formulation composed by demineralised water, diazolidinyl urea, carboxymethyl cellulose, carbomer, glycerine, phenoxyethanol. Clinical efficacy of Brenta’s silt-clay was tested versus placebo in 10 females with cellulite on their thighs and/or gluteus (degree 1-3, Nurberger and Muller scale) for 8 weeks considering (a) skin hydration value (Corneometer CM825, C&K, Germany), (b) vertical deformation, elasticity, skin extensibility (Cutometer MPA580, C&K, Germany), (c) thigh circumference (measuring tape), (d) microcirculatory flow (Flowmeter Periflux PF4001, Perimed, UK, (e) length of dermo-hypodermic junction (Ultrasound Scanner Dermascan C®Ver.3, Cortex Technology, Germany), (f) skin smoothness (Skin replicas image analysis, Monaderm, France). Results: In three subjects the Bio-adhesive TVS index showed maximal affinity between Brenta’s silt-clay (DC=17.8±4 mN/m, PC=32.0±4.6 mN/m, SFE=49.8 mN/m) and untreated skin (DC=13.5±4.1, PC=19.67±13.4, SFE=33.2±16.2), indicating that the surface energy of Brenta’s silt-clay was higher than that of the skin and suggesting its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability. After 4 (T1) and 8 (T2) weeks, the subjects treated with Brenta’s silt-clay were compared with respect to placebo. Derma-hypodermal junction length significantly decreased (-10.7%, p<0.05) in T1, whereas an increase of skin microcirculatory flow (+26.0%, p<0.05) and a decrease of the derma-hypodermal junction length (-16.8%, p=0.052) and of skin maximum average roughness (-4.2%, p=0.057) were observed in T2. Conclusions: In subjects with cellulite blemish, the application of Brenta’s silt-clay is capable to increase skin blood micro-flow, improve dermo-hypodermal junction length and decrease skin maximum average roughness, suggesting its efficacy in anti-cellulite treatments. Bio-adhesive TVS index analysis suggests that this efficacy is probably related to its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability.
ABSTRACT
<b>Introduction: </b>Brenta’s silt-clay (BrentaKer<sup>®</sup>, EGAP, Italy) is a natural sediment containing minerals pertaining to Italian Dolomite Alps mountains, which is extracted from the catchment area of Brenta river. Particle-size distribution, mineralogical, chemical, tensiometric investigations with some observational findings open to new perspectives for its application in beauty & wellness field. On these basis, surface energy evaluations of tensiometric affinity with the skin by TVS modelling [1] and in-vivo clinical studies of anti-acne properties of Brenta’s silt-clay were performed.<BR><b>Objectives:</b> The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of the Brenta’s silt-clay in anti-acne cosmetic treatments. These properties were hypothesized on the basis of its tensiometric affinity for the skin, as determined by the Bio-adhesive TVS index [1].<BR><b>Materials and Methods: </b> Surface energy studies were performed by contact angle method, using the DSA10-Kruss tensiometer (diiodomethane, FomblinHC/25<sup>®</sup>PFPE, glycerine as liquid tests). Bio-adhesive TVS index levels were originated from overlapping Brenta’s silt-clay and skin’s tensiometric prints. 10 healthy volunteers with mild-moderate facial acne vulgaris with a maximum of 20 comedones, 50 papules and pustules, without nodules or cysts were enrolled [2]. A mud composed by 15g of γ-rays irradiated Brenta’s silt-clay (Oroscare, EGAP, Italy) and 10g of water was prepared and applied on the areas of the face to be treated (15 minutes, twice a week, 30 days). Number of a) comedones, papules and pustules, (b) quantity of sebum (Sebumeter-CK), (c) pH (pH-Meter-CK), and (d) soothing effect evaluated by skin’s colour (Mexameter-CK) were analysed at baseline (T0), after 15 (T15) and 30 (T30) days.<BR><b>Results:</b> In three subjects, the Bio-adhesive TVS index showed maximal affinity between Brenta’s silt-clay (DC=17.8±4 mN/m, PC=32.0±4.6 mN/m, SFE=49.8 mN/m) and untreated skin (DC=13.5±4.1, PC=19.67±13.4, SFE=33.2±16.2), indicating that the surface energy of Brenta’s silt-clay was higher than that of the skin and suggesting its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability. In T0-T30 period the number of papules significantly decreased from 11.3±3, 83 to 10.6±3, 74 (p=0.033). In the same period, the number of postules decreased from to 2.5±1.5 to 1.9±2.02 (p=0.055) whereas the papular colorimetric measurement diminished from 618±13.5 to 613.0±6.80 (p=0.046). Sebum values significantly decreased both in T0-T15 (-28.7%, p=0.027) and in T0-T30 (-32.7%, p=0.017) periods. Finally, significant changing of pH and colorimetric measurements on healthy skin were not observed.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>In subjects with mild to moderated facial acne vulgaris, a mask based on Brenta’s silt-clay regulates the sebum, reduces papular inflammatory, maintains cutaneous physiological conditions, suggesting its efficacy in anti-acne treatment. Bio-adhesive TVS index analysis suggests that this efficacy is probably related to its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability.
ABSTRACT
<b>Introduction:</b> Brenta’s silt-clay (BrentaKer<sup>®</sup>, EGAP, Italy) is a natural sediment containing minerals pertaining to Italian Dolomite Alps mountains, which is extracted from the catchment area of Brenta river. Particle-size distribution, mineralogical, chemical, tensiometric investigations with some observational findings open to new perspectives for its application in beauty & wellness field. On these basis, surface energy evaluations of tensiometric affinity with the skin by TVS modelling<sup>1)</sup> and in-vivo clinical studies of anti-cellulite properties of Brenta’s silt-clay were performed.<BR><b>Objectives: </b>The aim of this work was to evaluate the properties of the Brenta’s silt-clay in anti-cellulite cosmetic treatments. These properties were hypothesized on the basis of its tensiometric affinity for the skin, as determined by the Bio-adhesive TVS index<sup>1)</sup>.<BR><b>Materials and Methods: </b>Surface energy studies were performed by contact angle method, using the DSA10-Kruss tensiometer (diiodomethane, FomblinHC/25<sup>®</sup>PFPE, glycerine as liquid tests). Bio-adhesive TVS index levels were originated from overlapping Brenta’s silt-clay and skin’s tensiometric prints. γ-rays irradiated Brenta’s silt-clay (Oroscare, EGAP, Italy) was inserted in a formulation composed by demineralised water, diazolidinyl urea, carboxymethyl cellulose, carbomer, glycerine, phenoxyethanol. Clinical efficacy of Brenta’s silt-clay was tested versus placebo in 10 females with cellulite on their thighs and/or gluteus (degree 1-3, Nurberger and Muller scale) for 8 weeks considering (a) skin hydration value (Corneometer CM825, C&K, Germany), (b) vertical deformation, elasticity, skin extensibility (Cutometer MPA580, C&K, Germany), (c) thigh circumference (measuring tape), (d) microcirculatory flow (Flowmeter Periflux PF4001, Perimed, UK, (e) length of dermo-hypodermic junction (Ultrasound Scanner Dermascan C<sup>®</sup>Ver.3, Cortex Technology, Germany), (f) skin smoothness (Skin replicas image analysis, Monaderm, France). <BR><b>Results:</b> In three subjects the Bio-adhesive TVS index showed maximal affinity between Brenta’s silt-clay (DC=17.8±4 mN/m, PC=32.0±4.6 mN/m, SFE=49.8 mN/m) and untreated skin (DC=13.5±4.1, PC=19.67±13.4, SFE=33.2±16.2), indicating that the surface energy of Brenta’s silt-clay was higher than that of the skin and suggesting its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability. After 4 (T1) and 8 (T2) weeks, the subjects treated with Brenta’s silt-clay were compared with respect to placebo. Derma-hypodermal junction length significantly decreased (-10.7%, p<0.05) in T1, whereas an increase of skin microcirculatory flow (+26.0%, p<0.05) and a decrease of the derma-hypodermal junction length (-16.8%, p=0.052) and of skin maximum average roughness (-4.2%, p=0.057) were observed in T2.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>In subjects with cellulite blemish, the application of Brenta’s silt-clay is capable to increase skin blood micro-flow, improve dermo-hypodermal junction length and decrease skin maximum average roughness, suggesting its efficacy in anti-cellulite treatments. Bio-adhesive TVS index analysis suggests that this efficacy is probably related to its capability to modify skin’s selective permeability.
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Objective To introduce the achievement in the research work of marine bio-adhesive used in medical fields in future.Methods The merits of marine bio-adhesive was elucidated and the requisition and remained defects of medical and dental adhesives were analyzed.The applicable prospects of mussel bio-adhesive were highlighted particularly on the components and functions.Results At present,gene reconstruction technique is the most useful and economic way to produce bio-adhesive protein from marine biomaterial.By that method,the problems of storage difficulty and resource limitation can be solved.Conclusion The marine bio-adhesive produced by gene reconstruction will be used in medical and dental treatment in the future.