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Abstract Introduction: Surface plasmon resonance biosensors are high sensitive analytical instruments that normally employ glass materials at the optical substrate layer. However, the use of polymer-based substrates is increasing in the last years due to favorable features, like: disposability, ease to construction and low-cost design. Review Recently, a polymer-based SPR biochip was proposed by using monochromatic and polychromatic input sources. Its construction and experimental considerations are detailed here. Experimental considerations and results, aspects from performance characteristics (resonance parameters, sensitivity and full width at half maximum – FWHM – calculations) are presented for hydrophilic and hydrophobic solutions. It is included also a brief description of the state of the art of polymer-based SPR biosensors.
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Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the expression of 12 tumor Markerss in the serum of colon cancer patients by C 12 tumor marker protein chip ,screening most valuable Markers for diagnosis . Methods C12 tumor Marker of protein chips were used for 12 sorts of tumor marker detection among 60 CRC patients and 40 healthy controls ,address the most valuable tumor marker relative to colon cancer and contribution of combinations effect on diagnosis .Result CEA+CA199+CA242+Bete-HCG combination diagnosis has the highest effectivity and diagnosis sensitivity was greatly improved by combination detection .The optimized diagno-sis showed no significant tendency to be correlated with age ,sex,differentiation stage,pathology,Lymph node me-tastasis,clinical stage.Conclusion It is of importance to use sera CEA +CA199+CA242+Bete-HCG detec-tion as markers for colon cancer diagnosis ,which may improve diagnosis efficiency .
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Objective: To investigate the effects of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) on lipid metabolism related gene and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression proifle by biochip technology, and to explore the possible relationship between the two elements. Methods: HepG2 cell was cultured with EGCG at 25μmol/L for 24 hours, the total RNA was extracted and hybridized into the biochip of Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 for mRNA and lncRNA expression profile analysis. Bioinformatics technology was used to establish the possible relationship between lncRNA and the predicted target genes;the data obtained from biochip microarray was conifrmed by real time RT-PCR examination. Results: The microarray revealed that EGCG treated HepG2 cell expressed 27 differential lipid metabolism genes and 11 of them involved in cholesterol metabolism. In addition, there 285 lncRNA expressions were up-or down-regulated. Bioinformatics technology indicated that the predicted target genes for lipid metabolism might be cis-or trans-regulated by lncRNA;the data from real-time RT-PCR was consistent with the data from biochip microarray. Conclusion: Tea polyphenols improves lipid metabolism and lncRNA might be involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism related gene.
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Gene chip is a kind of technology that makes genetic fragments or oligonucleotide arrange orderly with high density in glass,silicon and other solid phase supports,and through various means of detection on the probe signal strength testing and analysis,eventually obtaining samples of gene expression in sequences and the information.Bccause of its high affinity,high accuracy and high advantages of information,gene chip can play an important role in research of clinical disease.This paper will review the application of gene chip in ophthalmology.
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Objective: To investigate the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin E1 (CCNE1) in gastric carcinoma tissues, and to evaluate its relationship with the development and progression of gastric carcinoma. Methods: Oncomine (a cancer microarrays database) was used to analyze the expression of CCNE1 in gastric carcinoma. The mRNA expression of CCNE1 was detected in 34 paired carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues by SYBR Green real-time PCR. Meanwhile, tissue chip/tissue microarray (TMA) technique and immunohistochemistry method were adopted to detect the protein expression of CCNE1 in the 34 matched tissues. Results: The CCNE1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the primary carcinoma tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.001); the CCNE1 mRNA expression levels in stage I + II and stage III + IV gastric cancer tissues were both significantly up-regulated (P = 0.042, P = 0.016). The positive rate of CCNE1 protein was significantly higher in primary carcinoma tissues (41.2%, 14/34) than those in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues (0, 0/34) and gastritis tissues (0, 0/34, P = 0.01). CCNE1 protein expression was significantly different in gastric cancer tissues of different differentiation degrees, invasion depths, and lymph node metastasis statues (P<0.05). Conclusion: Up-regulated expression of CCNE1 may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma, and detection of CCNE1 may provide reference for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.
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Objective To evaluate diagnostic values of multi-tumor markers protein biochip detective system for lung cancer. Methods Patients with lung cancer group(78 cases),benign pulmonary diseases group (118 cases) and control group (68 cases) were enrolled.Twelve tumor markers in serum (AFP,CEA,NSE,CA125,CA153,CA242,CA199,PSA,f-PSA,FER,?-HCG and HGH) were measured by the multi-tumor markers protein biochip detective system. Result The serum levels of CEA,CA125,Fer and CA242 in the lung cancer group were much higher than those of the other two groups.There were no significant differences of serum levels and positive rates of other tumor markers among three groups.The sensitivity of CEA,CA125,Fer and CA242 was 41.0%,35.9%,26.9% and 17.9% respectively,the specificity 89.8%,86.0%,86.6% and 95.7% respectively。 Conclusions The multi-tumor markers protein biochip detective system has diagnostic values in lung cancer.When more than three markers are positive simultaneously,the sensitivity was 24.4%,and the specificity was 96.8%.The result could help to detect the character of tumor.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of the multiple cytokines in the serum of SARS patients and explore the rel ationship between the immune-reactivity and pathological damages. Methods 12 different serum cytokines have been detected in 4 groups ( inchoation, metaphase, convalescence of SARS patients and Healthy control) by using biochips technique(RANDOX) and to study the changes of each cytokine level in SARS patients. Results Compared with healthy group, IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 ,IFN? increased obviously and IL-1? ,IL-2,IL-4,VEGF,EGF,MCP-1, TNF?decreased obviously. Whereas IL-1?has no statistic changes among different stages of SARS. Conclusion There were obvious changes of multiple cytokines in different phase of SARS pathological process, especially in the early phase. It is further support the hypothesis that over-reaction of the immune system initiated the pathological injuries of the patients.
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Objective To introduce a design of automatic biochip sample testing system.Methods The computer control was adopt and based on operational process to design system functional modularization.Results The system can be had a series of functions,including automatically biochip sampling,reaction,detection and so on.Conclusion The stability and accuracy of the biochip testing can be ensured and provided testing efficiency.
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The concept of biochip is originated in 1980s, it can also be called micro-array technology. Biochip is a new and sophisticated technique developed by bio-science and micro-electronics. The birth of biochip technique is a great revolution in modern biology area. Nowadays, the biochip technique has been widely used in many fields, eg, spectrum analysis of gene expression, diagnosis of diseases, drug selection, tumor markers, detection of manifold kinds of viruses, etc. Based on its several characteristics such as high efficiency, sensitivity, economy, parallel, automation, gene-chip technique will be a novel modern diagnosis technique. In this article, the usages of biochip technique in preventive medicine fields including environmental health, virus detection, occupational hygiene, nutrition and food hygiene, were discussed.
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Protein biochips industry has been making significant progress recently. It played a role in the discovery-oriented proteomics, but now the research emphasis turns to the study of important functional proteins. The emergence of the low density protein biochip technique facilitated this study conversion. This technology has advantages of low cross-reaction, high signal intensity and good precision. This paper reviewed various medical and pharmaceutical applications of the low density protein biochips in disease diagnostics and monitoring, drug discovery and testing, as well as molecular interaction and signaling pathways.
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Objective:To establish a protein biochip flat to identify the subtype of interfon by adopting the 6 mAb which we have prepared.Methods: Recombinant human interferon was onto the NHS modified gold biochips.then the protein biochips were incubated with the 6 mAb.Cy3 conjugated sheep anti-mouse IgG was used to detect the antigen-antibody.Arrays are imaged using a fluorescence scanner (GenePix4100A) at 532 nm for Cy3.This method was compared with the traditional ones:ELISA,Western blot.Results:The results showed that this flat had speciality to identify the subtype of interfon. Conclusion: The protein biochip plat can provide a practical method to identify the subtype of interfon.It also has some advantages:high quantities;simple operation;low sample dosage and high repetition.
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Objective To design and develop a reliable,ease-to-use and cheap tissue microarryer for making tissue microarrays,and discuss its characteristics.Methods According to the facture procedure and principle of tissue microarray construction,HT-1 tissue microarrayer was designed and developed.The tissue microarrayer consisted of a recipient paraffin block molding machine,a punch needle,a negative-pressure embedding instrument,and a special manipulator.Using HT-1 tissue microarrayer,the array holes in recipient paraffin block could be punched by single-shaping technique in one action in several seconds,while no chapping was guaranteed.During the TMAs paraffin block embedding process,the remnant air bubble between the tissue cylinders and array holes in recipient paraffin block could be exhausted rapidly and completely.Results Using HT-1 tissue microarrayer,an array holes recipient paraffin block(several to several hundreds holes)could be made in several seconds.Several TMAs blocks with 56 tissue cylinders(1.5 mm in diameter)were constructed easily and quickly within 20 min.Under HE and immunostaining procedures,the tissue cores were well aligned,and orientation was properly done.The tissue cores on the slide maintained intact histological structure.The tissue structure and background of the HE and immunostaining were clear.There was less sample loss(the loss rate was less than 1.0%?1.1%).Conclusion HT-1 tissue microarrayer is a simple,economical and high efficiency/cost(E/C)and easy-to-use device.