ABSTRACT
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an RNA virus, which belongs to the paramyxoviridae family, and is transmitted by air droplets and close contact and the main pathogen causing acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals.Although there have been studies on the prevention and treatment of RSV drugs and RSV infection in patients, many medical demands have not been met.And there is no specific antiviral therapy.The only two drugs approved to be applied in RSV prevention and treatment are perizol and ribavirin.However, the former must be used prophylactically, and primarily in high-risk children, while the latter is less effective, and some children even suffer from airway spasm.Therefore, it is urgent to propose new methods for prevention and treatment of RSV.In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has shown a good anti-RSV effect, with a fewer side effects, less resistance to drugs and broad-spectrum antiviral advantage.There are also newly developed biological and chemical anti-RSV drugs.Some new drugs have shown a good efficacy, with an extended half-life and reduced costs, such as fusion inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies.This paper reviews the research progress of anti-RSV drugs in the aspects of TCM, biological drug and chemical drugs, laying a foundation for the development of new anti-RSV drugs and the formulation of new therapeutic strategies.
ABSTRACT
La presente revisión compendia los estudios existentes sobre el uso de vacunas en pacientes con enfermedades reumatológicas, tanto en lo referente a su indicación, seguridad, inmunogenicidad, aparición de exacerbaciones, efecto sobre los tratamientos farmacológicos inmunosupresores empleados y de éstos sobre la respuesta a la vacunación Los estudios muestran que cuando una vacuna es correctamente indicada, constituye una valiosa herramienta en la protección de pacientes inmunodeprimidos. Además, no generan exacerbaciones clínicas de la enfermedad autoinmune y pueden inducir una adecuada respuesta inmunológica aunque ésta puede ser subóptima en comparación con controles sanos. Finalmente se hace referencia al desarrollo de autoinmunidad con posterioridad a la vacunación.
The present review sumnarizes the existing studies about the use of vaccines in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, both with reference to indication, safety inmunogenicity flare development, effect on inmunosuppressive pharmacologic treatment used, and their response to the vaccinations. Studies show that when a vaccine is correctly indicated, it represents a valuable instrument for the protection of immunedepressed patients. Besides, it does not generate clinical exacerbation of autoimmune diseases and can induce a suitable immunologic response, although this is can be lower than that of healthy controls. Finally, we refer to the development of autoimmunity after vaccination.