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Background: India is going to be highest populous country within less than a decade. To stabilize population growth as well as to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity resulting from unwanted pregnancy, greater utilization of the spacing methods is essential. In spite of several decades of effort the popularity of Cu-T among the Indian woman is not high. Aim of the study was to find out the profile of the Cu-T acceptor after medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).Methods: It was a retrospective study. Socio-demographic data of the woman accepting Cu-IUCD after MTP was collected from family planning operation theatre record book.Results: The majority of the participants were from rural area. The mean age of the acceptor was 27.28±4.78. The maximum number of woman was para two 74 (44.3%). The number of woman with LCB 2 years or less than 2 years was 96 (57.5%) and that of woman with LCB more than two years was 71 (42.5%).Conclusions: A significant number of woman use Cu-T after a long gap of two years after last child birth. Woman found to be inclined to use Cu-T after having at least one male child.
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RESUMEN ANTECEDENTES: El período intergenésico es importante para la planificación de embarazos subsecuentes a partos, cesáreas y abortos. Actualmente existe falta de consenso en cuanto a las definiciones e importancia clínica de la duración del periodo intergenésico; por lo que se realiza esta revisión de la literatura para definir conceptos. MÉTODO: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y Medline, con periodo de búsqueda del 19992017, con el propósito de identificar publicaciones de relevancia relacionadas a periodo intergenésico. RESULTADOS: Entre los artículos seleccionados, se incluyeron de tipo revisión, originales y guías de práctica clínica. Se considera periodo intergenésico aquel que se encuentra entre la fecha del último evento obstétrico y el inicio del siguiente embarazo. Se sugiere como tiempo recomendado de espera para iniciar un siguiente embarazo mínimo 18 meses (Periodo intergenésico corto, PIC) y no más de 60 meses (Periodo intergenésico largo, PIL), para reducir el riesgo de eventos adversos maternos, perinatales y neonatales. Se debe enfatizar que aunque la dehiscencia de histerorrafia es una grave complicación del PIC menor a 6 meses posterior a una cesárea, no es su única complicación. De igual manera es importante tomar en cuenta el PIL durante la evaluación obstétrica, debido a su asociación con preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONES: Es relevante conocer la terminología adecuada en período intergenésico para evitar complicaciones asociadas a PIC como a PIL. Existe necesidad de estudios clínicos sobre período intergenésico que permitan conocer más consecuencias a corto y largo plazo en nuestra población y tomar medidas para mejorar el desenlace materno-fetal.
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Interpregnancy interval is a topic of importance when planning new pregnancies after previous vaginal delivery, cesarean section or abortion. There is currently a lack of consensus in terms of definitions and the clinical importance of interpregnancy interval length, which is the reason to perform a literature review to clarify concepts. METHODS: Published papers from 1999 to 2017 from PubMed/MEDLINE were searched with the purpose of identifying those related to interpregnancy interval. Review articles, original papers, and clinical guidelines in relation to short and long interpregnancy interval were considered. RESULTS: Interpregnancy interval is defined as the period between the last obstetric event and the beginning of the next pregnancy (last menstrual period). Recommended time to initiate the next pregnancy must be at least 18 months (short interpregnancy interval, SII) and no more than 60 months (long interpregnancy interval, LII) to reduce the risk of adverse maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes. It is important to emphasize that even though uterine scar dehiscence is a serious complication of SII less than 6 months after a cesarean section, it is not the only complication. It is important to consider LII during obstetric evaluation, due to its association with preeclampsia. CONCLUSION: It is clinically relevant to know the correct definitions of SII and LII to avoid their complications. There is also a need for clinical trials about interpregnancy interval within our population in order to better understand the consequences of SII and LII, thus taking the necessary measures to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Humans , Female , Adult , Birth Intervals , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Labor, Obstetric , Pregnancy Outcome , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Background: Short birth interval adversely affects the maternal and neonatal health. The use of contraceptive methods is still one of the biggest challenges in developing countries despite various programs. Janani Suraksha Yojana was started with aims to achieve national targets for contraception. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted in Lucknow district amongst the women admitted in three blocks of rural area health centers. The blocks were selected by simple random sampling method. A total of 400 women who delivered in the labor wards of the health centers were interviewed and enrolled. Results: In the present study, out of 400 mothers, 39(9.8%) mothers had their first delivery below the age of 18 yrs. According to modified Udai Pareek Scale, 56.3% of the mothers belonged to 5th socio-economic status. Birth spacing was the purpose to use family planning (FP) methods among 121(55.5%) of the mothers. The use of FP method was significantly associated with occupation of mothers and their husband and education of mothers. It was also found that the use of FP method was significantly (p=0.001) higher among those beneficiaries who had birth interval > 3 years (72.1%) in contrast to 2-3yrs (68.8%), 1-2yrs (60.2%) and < 1yr (36.4%). Conclusions: JSY is a promising program for promotion of contraception. Knowledge about the family planning methods should be provided to the beneficiaries during their ANC visits as during this period they are more receptive to family planning methods.
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Background: Short birth interval adversely affects the maternal and neonatal health. The use of contraceptive methods is still one of the biggest challenges in developing countries despite various programs. Janani Suraksha Yojana was started with aims to achieve national targets for contraception. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted in Lucknow district amongst the women admitted in three blocks of rural area health centers. The blocks were selected by simple random sampling method. A total of 400 women who delivered in the labor wards of the health centers were interviewed and enrolled. Results: In the present study, out of 400 mothers, 39(9.8%) mothers had their first delivery below the age of 18 yrs. According to modified Udai Pareek Scale, 56.3% of the mothers belonged to 5th socio-economic status. Birth spacing was the purpose to use family planning (FP) methods among 121(55.5%) of the mothers. The use of FP method was significantly associated with occupation of mothers and their husband and education of mothers. It was also found that the use of FP method was significantly (p=0.001) higher among those beneficiaries who had birth interval > 3 years (72.1%) in contrast to 2-3yrs (68.8%), 1-2yrs (60.2%) and < 1yr (36.4%). Conclusions: JSY is a promising program for promotion of contraception. Knowledge about the family planning methods should be provided to the beneficiaries during their ANC visits as during this period they are more receptive to family planning methods.
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Aim: To examine the socio-demographic characteristics, main source of information about family planning and contraceptive choices of women attending the family planning clinic of a tertiary hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Study Design: A retrospective descriptive analysis of the case records of all new clients. Place and Duration: Family planning clinic of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria between 1st January 2006 and 31st December 2011. Methods: This study was carried out on 733 new clients seeking contraceptive services within the study period. The age, marital status, parity, occupation, religion, ethnicity and educational level completed; source of information about family planning, interval between last confinement and first visit, and the intention of the clients were obtained. Results: A total of 733 new clients attended the family planning clinic during the period of review. There were 4145 new gynaecological consultations during the period and the contraceptive prevalence represented 17.6% of the total gynaecological consultations. The age of the clients ranged between 17 and 48 years with a mean of 32.5±5.5 years. There was a low patronage of family planning clinic by the teenagers and unmarried women as they accounted for only 0.3% and 2.9% respectively of all clients seen during the period. The source of information about family planning services was mainly from health personnel 516, (70.5%). IUCD and injectables were the most frequently selected methods irrespective of the socio-demographic characteristics of the clients, their intention for family planning uptake; and interval between last confinement and commencement of family planning. Conclusion: This study showed that unmarried females and teenagers had a poor patronage of conventional family planning centers. Instead of the health personnel, the mass media should play a pivotal and leading role in information dissemination so that awareness on the use and utilization of contraception will be higher than what it is presently.
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Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy is still a public health problem in developing countries including Malaysia. Early screening of pregnant mothers who have risk factors of anemia could help identifying these potential anemic mothers and hence targeted for intervention. Methodology: A cross sectional study IN 2008 was conducted among pregnant women who attended government health clinics in Johor Bahru district to assess the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy and factors associated with it using a structured questionnaire. Result: Prevalence of anemia in pregnancy (Hb<11.0 g/dl) was 36.6% and majority in mild category (Hb 9-<11 g/dl). The associated factors of anemia in pregnancy were birth spacing, dietary intake with high iron content and iron pill consumption. Multivariate analyses revealed that iron pill intake was the most important factor influencing anemia in pregnancy. Discussion and conclusion: Even though Johor Bahru is a big town with good health facilities, the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was quite high. Results were compared with previous studies. Emphasis on compliance to iron pills is very important in prevention and treating anemia in pregnancy