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To strengthen the ethical management of blood samples for scientific research in blood collection and supply institutions, promote the effective use of blood sample resources, and protect the rights and interests of blood donors. Drawing on the experience of the Finnish Red Cross Blood Center biobank which has rich experience in management and recruitment, this paper summarized from the aspects of extensive informed consent, management of sample data, application of biological samples and data, and ethical management of research projects, and put forward the enlightenment to improve the ethical management of blood samples in blood collection and supply institutions, including further improving the construction of ethical laws and regulations, strengthening the ethical review norms of the ethics committee, standardizing the use of informed consent, and enhancing the privacy protection of blood donors.
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【Objective】 To establish a comprehensive performance appraisal system, in order to promote blood collection, preparation and supply. 【Methods】 The performance reform leading group headed by the central leader was set up to manage the overall work, with performance reform office set up to formulate the central performance reform plan and the target assessment plan. The operation effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the index changes in blood collection, preparation and supply. 【Results】 Compared with before the implementation of performance (from 2018 to 2019, a total of 24 months), except for the total monthly collection of street whole blood, the per person of street monthly blood collection and the total and per person monthly collection of apheresis platelets were significantly increased (P<0.05) during the process of blood collection. The total and per person monthly preparation of cryoprecipitates and virus inactivates plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05) during the process of blood preparation. The total and per person monthly supply of apheresis platelets, cryoprecipitates and virus inactivates plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05) during the process of blood supply. 【Conclusion】 The adjustment and implementation of performance reform program optimized the performance salary distribution system, and the formulation and implementation of target assessment program significantly promoted blood collection, preparation and supply.
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【Objective】 To analyze the basic characteristics of whole blood donors from blood stations before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. 【Methods】 After excluding invalid data, data related to the basic characteristics of whole blood donors collected from 26 blood stations in China during 2018 to 2021 were statistically analyzed, including the trend of total whole blood donors, the number of repeated blood donors, the frequency of blood donation, the average age of donors and the recruitment of first-time blood donors. 【Results】 Affected by the epidemic, 8 out of 14 indicators were with large variations, accounting for 57%. The overall growth rate of total whole blood donors during the epidemic was higher than before the epidemic (P<0.05).The number of repeated blood donors has shown an increased trend, with a higher number during the epidemic than before (P<0.05). The frequency of blood donation was lower during the epidemic than before(P<0.05).Average ages of blood donors and female blood donors fluctuated widely during the epidemic, both higher than those before the epidemic(P<0.05).The donation rate of first-time blood donors <25 years old and ≥25 years old varied widely and irregularly during the epidemic (both P<0.05). The percentage of first-time blood donors fluctuated irregularly during the epidemic, with overall percentage lower than that before the epidemic(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Whole blood donors from 26 blood stations increased after the outbreak of COVID-19, and some indicators in certain areas showed significant fluctuations during the epidemic.
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【Objective】 To investigate the environmental pollution of blood collection and supply institutions by using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and evaluate its application value. 【Methods】 Colonies of air from blood donation sites, skin puncture sites of blood donors, platelet storage boxes, platelet collection equipment, object surfaces of related experimental consumables and cuff surfaces of staff after disinfection were collected, and typical colonies after cultivation were selected for microbial identification by microbial mass spectrometry and then compared with bacteria results detected in blood components from May 2017 to May 2021. 【Results】 Aseptic growth, the number of colonies ≤4.0 CFU/ dish, and the number of colonies > 4.0 CFU/dish accounted for 21.20%, 62.20% and 16.60%, respectively. The qualified rate from high to low was platelet storage box, bacteria settling in the air of blood donation room after disinfection, platelet collection equipment, skin puncture site of blood donors after disinfection, the surface of platelet consumables and the surface of medical staff's overalls. After disinfection, the blood donors' skin puncture sites were compared with other collection sites, and the t values were 2.0371, 1.508, 2.109, 1.961 and 1.778, respectively, with no significant difference (P>0.05). Thirty cases of bacterial contamination of blood components were detected from May 2017 to May 2021, among which the detection rate of apheresis platelets was the highest, and the t values were 1.731 and 2.272, relative to the contamination frequency of erythrocytes and plasma bacteria (P>0.05), while the t value was 2.875, relative to concentrated platelets, with significant difference (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Bacterial contamination of blood components mostly come from air bacteria settling, blood donors' arms and skin after disinfection, and surfaces of related equipment and materials. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to conduct strict disinfection of working sites, establish disinfection monitoring methods and formulate disinfection hygiene standards in blood stations.
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【Objective】 To explore the optimization of blood testing strategies for voluntary blood donors in military blood centers. 【Methods】 From January 2017 to December 2020, the testing results of five serological indicators of voluntary blood donors from our center were collected via the blood transfusion management system . The positive NAT results of HBV, HCV and HIV, as well as the unqualified serological indicators, including the unqualified rate over the years, unqualified rate of military/civilian blood donor, reactive rate of dual-ELISA-reagent or one-ELISA-reagent etc., were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 The ratio of military blood donors to civilian blood donors in our center was 1: 4 during 2017~2020. The total unqualified rate of blood testing indicators of military blood donors was ALT>anti-HCV>HBsAg>HIV antigen/anti-HIV>anti-TP>NAT, and that of civilian blood donors was HBsAg > anti-TP > ALT > anti-HCV > HIV antigen/anti-HIV > NAT. The total unqualified rate of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-TP in our center decreased year by year, the HIV antigen/anti-HIV fluctuated, and the ALT increased year by year (P<0.01). The ALT deferral rate among military blood donors was the highest, accounting for 65.85%(594/902) of the donation deferral. The reactive rate of dual-ELISA-reagent to HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV antigen/anti-HIV and anti-TP in civilian blood donors were 72.87%, 33.02%, 16.56% and 67.67%, respectively (P<0.05). Among the 123 668 ELISA negative samples during 2017~2020, 56 cases of HBV DNA(+ ) were detected by NAT, including 3 cases of military blood donors. 【Conclusion】 The current blood screening strategy of military blood centers can basically guarantee the safety of blood use in clinical. For military blood donors, ALT deferral, caused by ALT results that are higher than the ALT threshold, was the main reason for blood scrapping. Strengthening the promotion and implementation of NAT, as well as adjusting the critical value of ALT is of positive significance for reducing the risk of blood transfusion-transmitted diseases and the waste of blood sources, thereby improving the safety and security level of the clinical blood supply for the troops, promoting the treatment capabilities of officers and soldiers, and even improving the combat effectiveness of the troops.
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【Objective】 To investigate the voluntary blood donation status across China under COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 and the corresponding countermeasures, so as to provide reference for blood center staff. 【Methods】 A questionnaire of Survey of Blood Collection and Supply under COVID-19 Epidemic in 2020 was issued by Blood Donor Mobilization Committee of Chinese Blood Transfusion Association to conduct the data survey on blood collection and supply institutions nationwide. 【Results】 The valid data of 115 cities were collected, and detailed data of whole blood and platelet collection, clinical blood consumption, and measures taken to ensure clinical blood use under COVID-19 epidemic from 2019 to 2020 were obtained. The total volume of whole blood collection in the 115 blood supply institutions in 2020 (13 262 724.36 U)decreased by 4.83% compared with the same period in 2019(13 935 131.5 U), and the total units of platelet collection(1 582 494.5 U)was basically the same as that in 2019(1 581 139.5 U). The total clinical consumption of RBCs from the 115 blood banks in 2020(14 257 441.67 U)decreased by 3.68% compared with that in 2019(1 4801 404.19 U), and the total clinical consumption of platelets(1 738 546.42 U)was basically the same as that in 2019(1 731 037.70 U). With the support of governments at all levels, blood banks have basically guaranteed the clinical blood supply under the epidemic by organizing group blood donation for emergency, making appointments for blood donation, recruiting regular blood donors by phone and text messages, strengthening media publicity and launching haemovigilance. 【Conclusion】 The government attaches great importance to blood safety in public emergencies and plays a leading role. Making appointments for blood donation, recruiting regular blood donors through telephone and text messages and strengthening media publicity play an important role in emergency blood donation. Blood banks should cooperate closely with hospitals to coordinate emergency management of clinical blood, and took various measures to broaden sources and reduce transfusions, so as to effectively guarantee clinical blood supply during the epidemic.
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【Objective】 To analyze and characterize the trend of blood collection and supply in Tianjin from 2010 to 2019, so as to provide references for respective working plans in Tianjin Blood Center. 【Methods】 Through the blood information management system, the issued amount of various blood components from Tianjin Blood Center from 2010 to 2019 was statistically analyzed; the number and respective data of blood donors in Tianjin in recent 10 years were sorted out and analyzed. 【Results】 From 2010 to 2019, the amount of issued blood components in Tianjin Blood Center increased year by year, with an average annual growth rate of 3.22%(×100%). The utilization rate of blood components in clinical increased year by year, reaching 99.99%(642 240.2/642 250.2)by the end of 2019.The consumption of platelets and cryoprecipitated coagulation factor increased rapidly, accounting for 8.89%(57 111.0/642 250.2)and 2.65%(16 989.0/642 250.2), respectively. In recent 10 years, a total of 1 473 172 blood donors have donated blood voluntarily, and the number increased steadily. Among the blood donors, those aged 18-35 took up the largest proportion, reaching 79.13%(116 5548/1 473 172). The ratio of male to female was about 3∶1, with male blood donors accounting for the vast majority.The main blood donors were students, staff and workers. In 2018, the blood donation rate in Tianjin was only 12.2‰, which lagged behind provincial capital cities and economically developed areas in terms of blood collection units per capita and other indicators. 【Conclusion】 Although blood collection and supply in Tianjin is generally developing scientifically and reasonably, the current situation is still very serious.It is necessary to formulate and improve blood donation strategies according to actual situations. The data in this study is helpful inguiding advance planning, overall construction and scientific development of future blood collection and supply in Tianjin.
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【Objective】 To investigate and analyze the current situation of the human resources as well as blood collection and supply of blood banks of Zhejiang Province, so as to understand the problems existing in the development of human resources and put forward suggestions. 【Methods】 Questionnaires were issued to Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, municipal central blood stations, and county-level central blood banks to investigate the relevant data in 2015 and 2019. Meanwhile, some data were obtained through the Zhejiang Blood Management Information System (BIS3.0), symposiums, and querying medical service data. Statistical analysis was carried out. 【Results】 Among the 28 blood banks, filled the questionnaires, 927 personnel were in accordance with the authorized strength, accounting for 62.26% (927/1 489), and 1069 health technicians, accounting for 71.519% (1 060/1 489). From 2015 to 2019, the annual growth rate of human resources in blood banks was 2.02%, lower than the annual growth rate of whole blood collection volume 4.83% and the annual growth rate of clinical blood supply (red blood cell) 4.82%, lagging behind the annual growth rate of 6.55%, 8.71% and 12.36% in the number of diagnoses, inpatients and surgeries in the hospitals across the province. The average annual growth rate of doctors and nurses in blood banks was 0.17% and 1.67%, lower than that of licebsed doctors and registered nurses of the province, which was 6.78% and 8.27%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 With the development trend of blood collection and supply, the personnel allocation and the proportion of health technicians of blood banks across Zhejiang Province is insufficient. It is suggested to establish a manpower allocation standard suitable to the business volume, give priority to properly solvement of the current employment, strengthen training, and improve the efficiency of physical examination consultation, testing and phlebotomy positions.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the influence of establishing " blood station-hospital" information management system, based on the concept of Internet, on blood supply and use. 【Methods】 Blood information management system was established in our blood station, and connected to 21 secondary and above hospitals with blood storage function in Maoming to achieve interconnection and timely observation and recording of blood collection, supply and use. The working intensity, blood appointment, incidence of adverse reactions of clinical blood transfusion and satisfaction rate of clinical blood consumption before (April 2017 to March 2018) and after (April 2018 to March 2019) the application of the blood station-hospital information system were compared. 【Results】 In the same period before and after the implementation of blood station-hospital information system, the blood volume (U) collected was 78 249 vs 87 044.5, and the total blood supplied (U) was 225 276.5 vs 249 303, with growth rates at 11.24% and 10.67%, respectively; The average daily working intensity (s) of blood supply staff was 68.68±4.13 vs 41.71±3.76 (P<0.01), and average daily area (m2) was 9.82±3.51 vs 3.31±3.49 (P<0.05). The appointment time of clinical blood by telephone (s) was 110.34±6.79 vs 56.38±4.18 (P< 0.01), by network was 28.55±2.27 vs 13.48±2.76 (P<0.01); The incidence of transfusion adverse reactions was 0.035% (11/31 250) vs 0.012% (5/42 314) P<0.05); The satisfaction rates of clinical blood consumption were 85.71% (18/21) vs 100% (21/21) (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】 The implementation of blood station-hospital information system improved the efficiency of blood collection and supply in blood stations, and reduced the work intensity of blood supply staff. It is beneficial to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of clinical blood transfusion and improve the satisfaction rate of blood consumption.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control on blood collection and supply, so as to accumulate experience for future similar public events. 【Methods】 The annual inventory before Spring Festival holiday, the supply of red blood cells and apheresis platelets during Spring Festival (from New year′s Eve to lunar January 6th) and the collection and supply units 3 months after the Spring Festival (the lunar January 7th to April 8th) during 2017 to 2020 were analyzed to evaluate the impact of the epidemic on blood collection, supply and inventory management. 【Results】 The inventory and its proportion in 2020 decreased to 14 594 U and 23.89%, compared with those in 2018 (16 095 U, 26.34%) and 2019 (16 301 U, 26.68%), with significant differences (P<0.05). The COVID-19 epidemic(3-month-post Spring Festival in 2019 and 2020) reduced the blood collection in urban areas(28 613 U and 19 901 U) and group donation (17 443 U and 5 332 U), but rasied blood collection in towns (43 184 U and 50 963 U). The clinical blood consumption in year 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 was 80 339 U, 79 359 U, 87 581 U and 74 986 U, respectively, decreasing due to the epidemic (P<0.05), with a small amount(229 U) of red blood cell discarding owing to expiration. The collection and supply of apheresis platelets were minimally affected by the epidemic. 【Conclusion】 The epidemic had a direct/indirect impact on blood collection, blood supply and inventory management, except for apheresis platelets collection and supply. It suggests that the characteristics of COVID-19 prevention and control measures can be used as references for future precise organization and targeted recruitment of blood resources in case of the similar emergencies. Close communication with clinical departments contributes to the safeguard of emergency transfusion and the prevention of blood expiration.
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Objective:To discuss innovative development under the "6 requirements" guidance of supply-side structural reform,and provide direction of development reference for promoting the development of blood collection and supply.Methods:It reviewed the development of blood collection and supply in a certain blood center,analyzed the integrating degree between the main business development measures and "6 requirements" of supply-side structural reform.Results:There was a better compatibility between the main measures and "6 requirements" of supply-side structural reform.Conclusion:Based on the "6 requirements" guidance of supply-side structural reform,innovative development could be led to effectively break the current bottleneck at blood collection and supplyment.
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Objective To compare and analyze the supply of blood collection and clinical blood demand in Hangzhou during 2011-2016,and to put forward some countermeasures and suggestions.Methods The related data of blood collection in blood center and the indexs of clinical blood demand in all hospitals in Hangzhou were collected during 2011-2016,and the growth rates of both of them were compared and analyzed.Results 1) The data of blood collection and supply was the lowest in 2012,and then increased year by year.The average annual growth of platelet collection and supply was 8.09％ and 8.47％,respectively,and the other indicators grew relatively gently.In 2016,the rate of blood donation reached 18.28 per thousand people.At the same period,the number of staff in institutions was basically stable.2) During 2011-2016,the blood demand of all hospitals in Hangzhoa maintained rapid growth.In Hangzhou,the number of hospitals increased by 10.65％ annually,and until 2016,there was an increase of 65.87％ over 2011.The average annual growth of the number of beds,the number of emergency patients and the number of inpatients increased by 10.21％,6.09％ and 11.40％ respectively.The growth rate of number of inpatients was higher than that of outpatient and emergency departments.Hospital employees remained at an average annual growth rate of nearly 10％.3) The clinical demand for blood increased significantly more higher than the growth of blood collection and supply.Conclusion Speed up the pace of the construction of blood supply,and keep pace with the construction of hospitals.Strengthening the publicity,health education and promotion models,in order to encourage more people,who are eligible for blood donation,to join the blood donation.And also strengthening personnel team building,improving overall work efficiency and level.
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Objective To investigate the blood collection and supply in Chengdu,from 2000 to 2006,and also to analyze its development tendency.Methods The volume of blood collection,blood component preparation,the positive rate of blood screening,the volume of clinical consumption,as well as the population statistics and bed numbers in medical institutions and hospitals,from 2000 to 2006,were reviewed.Correlation and coefficient of regression were used for the statistical analysis.Results The annual average rate of growth(AARG) of blood collection and supply is 17.74%.The rate of RBC separation increased from 27.4%% to 84.55%,and the AARG of platelet apheresis product was 38.00%.Blood components had become much more popular than whole blood in clinical application.There was a good linearity correlation between the blood provision and the population statistics(?=0.997,P