ABSTRACT
@#AIM: To explore the effects of different intensity aerobic exercises on macular retinal vascular density in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG). <p>METHODS: Prospective case-control study, 88 eyes of 48 patients with POAG diagnosed in our hospital from January 2019 to April 2021 were included(POAG group), 43 cases(86 eyes)were included in the normal control group(control group). The fundus photographic examination without mydriasis was performed with a mydriatic fundus camera, and the operation and film reading were carried out by a special ophthalmologist. Macular vascular density was measured by macular vascular segmentation method. According to macular vascular density, 48 patients with POAG were divided into low vascular density group and high vascular density group, with 24 cases in each group. 48 patients with POAG were instructed to perform treadmill load exercise to compare the vascular density levels in macular area of patients with high intensity(76%-87% HRmax), moderate intensity(64%-75% HRmax)and low intensity(52%-63% HRmax).<p>RESULTS: The vascular density in macular area of control group was significantly higher than that of POAG group; Compared with the high vascular density group, the age and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the low vascular density group, and the body weight was significantly lower; In both low and high vascular density groups, the retinal vascular density of macular area under moderate intensity aerobic exercise was significantly higher than that of low intensity and high intensity aerobic exercise; Systolic blood pressure and aerobic exercise were the influencing factors of vascular density in macular area; the above results showed statistically significant differences(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Systolic blood pressure and aerobic exercise are factors affecting macular vascular density, and moderate intensity aerobic exercise can significantly increase macular vascular density.
ABSTRACT
@#AIM: To study the relationship between the changes of blood vessel density in optic disc area of normal tension glaucoma(NTG)and visual field index(VFI)of glaucoma and morphological staging of visual field defect. <p>METHODS: Totally 106 patients(106 eyes)with NTG and 79 patients(79 eyes)with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)in the hospital between December 2018 and December 2020 were selected for cross-sectional study. Among them, 1 eye of binocular disease was selected as the sample by the random number table method, and another 92 healthy subjects with physical examination in the hospital were selected as control group. All three groups completed the optic disc blood vessel density, VFI detection and visual field defect morphological staging, and the relationship between optic disc blood vessel density and VFI and visual field defect morphological staging were analyzed.<p>RESULTS: The intraocular pressure in POAG group was significantly higher than that in NTG group and control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The whole optic disc area blood vessel density, large vessel density and capillary density of NTG group and POAG group were significantly lower than those of control group(<i>P</i><0.05)while the density of avascular area was significantly higher than that of control group(<i>P</i><0.05), and there were differences in various indicators between NTG group and POAG group(<i>P</i><0.05). The VFI of NTG group and POAG group was significantly lower than that of control group(<i>P</i><0.05)while the mean visual field defect(MD)was significantly higher than that of control group(<i>P</i><0.05), and there were no statistical differences in VFI and MD between NTG group and POAG group(<i>P</i>>0.05). With the increase in visual field defect morphology staging, the whole optic disc area blood vessel density and capillary density of patients with NTG showed a significant decrease(<i>P</i><0.05). The whole optic disc area blood vessel density and capillary density of patients with NTG were positively correlated with VFI and negatively correlated with visual field defect staging, and avascular area density was negatively correlated with VFI and positively correlated with visual field defect staging(all <i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION:Optic disc blood vessel density of patients with NTG is significantly lower than that of patients with POAG and normal people, and it is significantly correlated with VFI and visual field defect morphological staging. Among them, capillary density has the highest correlation. It can be seen that OCTA has important clinical significance for NTG diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
ABSTRACT
@#Glaucoma is a major cause of visual dysfunction worldwide. It is a group of diseases involving the optic nerve and related structures. It is characterized by visual field defects and optic disc depression, which ultimately lead to irreversible blindness. Many years of research have found that the pathogenesis of induced glaucoma is mainly mechanical compression theory and vascular theory(microcirculation). In view of the current clinical research and further development of diagnosis and treatment, the latter has become the focus and development direction of modern research. Patients with glaucoma will have a decrease in blood vessel density in the corresponding parts such as the optic papilla and optic disc. Examination techniques such as deep convolutional neural network and OCT-A can objectively explain the changes in the corresponding parameters of their microcirculation and can monitor the progress of glaucoma. Therefore, this article discusses from the aspects of glaucoma and microcirculation, aiming to expand the clinical understanding of glaucoma microcirculation, so as to further guide the clinical.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of transplantation of human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells on spinal cord injury. Methods CD34+cells were separated from fresh human umbilical cord blood by magnetic cell sorting. Ninety-six female Wistar rats were injured at T10 by IMPACTOR MODEL-Ⅱ, and then randomly assigned to three groups:Cyclo?sporin A (CsA)+Dexamethasone (Dex) treated group (Ⅰ, n=32), local transplantation of cells+CsA+Dex treated group (Ⅱ) at the first day after operation (DAO 1, n=32), local transplantation of cells+CsA+Dex treated group (Ⅲ) at DAO 6 (n=32). BBB locomotor scoring system was used to assess the recovery of the lower limbs. The survival and neural differentiation of transplanted cells at the injury site were observed by double immunofluorescence. The tissue vitality at the injury site was ob?served by 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and the blood vessel density was observed by infusing mixture of Chinese ink and glutin followed by HE staining. Results BBB score at DAO 8-56 was significantly higher inⅡgroup than that of other two groups (P<0.05). TTC staining showed that the proportion of decreased vitality area was signifi?cantly smaller inⅡgroup than that of other two groups (P<0.01). The result of gelatin ink perfusion showed that the blood vessel density at the injury site was significantly bigger inⅡgroup than that of other two groups (P<0.01). There were more survival transplanted cells inⅡgroup than those of III group (per visual field, 7.51 ± 1.00 vs 5.51 ± 0.89,t=6.051, P<0.01). All the transplanted cells didn’t differentiate into neural cells. Conclusion Human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells can promote the recovery of the lower limbs after spinal cord injury by repairing blood vessels to increase tissue vitality at the in?jury site in rats.