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BACKGROUND:There are various methods for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head, but there is no satisfactory method to promote the repair of osteonecrosis of femoral head. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head has achieved certain effect. OBJECTIVE:To review the application progress and problems of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head. METHODS:A computer-based online search was performed in PubMed database, Wanfang database and CNKI database for the related articles from 1999 to 2012. The articles on the isolation, culture, differentiation, labeling and in vivo tracing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were selected, as wel as the basic and clinical researches on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head. A total of 39 articles were included for review. RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:At present, the method for the isolation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s includes adherence screening method, density gradient centrifugation, flow cytometry separation and magnetic activated cel sorting method;the commonly used method for cel labeling and tracing includes isotope tracing method, antigen labeling method, antigen labeling, fluorescent labeling and MRI contrast enhancer labeling method. The method for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s includes pith dril ing decompression combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel injection and transplantation, intervention plus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation, gene transfection combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation and tissue engineering technology of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. Although, the research on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head has achieved great progress, there are stil problems needed to be further solved.
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BACKGROUND:Currently, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can differentiate into nerve cel s via many approaches. Different methods for inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s differentiating into nerve cel s have different ratios. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the difference between chemical method and co-culture method to induce the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into nerve cel s. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated and purified using whole bone marrow culture method, and then randomly divided into two groups:chemical group,β-mercaptoethanol was added;co-culture group, co-cultured in a Transwel chamber. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Visible protrusions from induced cel s showed radiation growth at 1 week of induced culture, and neuron-specific enolase staining was positive at 2 weeks of culture. Star-like structure of nerve cel s was visible in the co-culture group within 4-5 days of culture, and then more protrusions formed. Meanwhile, the positive rate of neuron-specific enolase was (70.82±2.46)%. After 6-7 days of culture, neuron-like cel s formed and were interconnected in the chemical group;while, the positive rate of neuron-specific enolase was (52.37±1.83)%. These findings suggest that cel microenvironment plays a leading role in the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into nerve cel s, and chemical induction method is inferior to the co-culture method.
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BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are used widely in cartilage tissue engineering, and there are many similarities in biological characteristics between two kinds of cel s. OBJECTIVE:To compare the chondrogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and adipose-derived stem cel s in vitro. METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cel s were isolated from the 3-month-old New Zealand white rabbits’ abdomen. Bilateral femurs of rabbits were obtained, and then the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were separated with the adherence screening method. The growth curve of the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were drawn, and the doubling time of two kinds of cel s was compared. Then the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were treated with chondrogenic induction. After induced for 14 days, the adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were treated with toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ immunohistochemistry staining respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s showed aggregative growth, while the primary adipose-derived stem cel s were in single and scattered growth. The proliferation speed of adipose-derived stem cel s was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, while the doubling time of adipose-derived stem cel s was shorter than that of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. After chondrogenic induction for 14 days, both adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could express glycosaminoglycans and type Ⅱcol agen, and the expression level of type Ⅱ col agen in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s after chondrogenic induction was higher than that in the adipose-derived stem cel s. The in vitro proliferation of adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s was rapid and stable, but the proliferative ability of adipose-derived stem cel s was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. When cultured in single layer, both adipose-derived stem cel s and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could transform into chondrocytes under certain conditions, but bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s seemed to be more potential than adipose-derived stem cel s.
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BACKGROUND:Currently, transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into the spinal cord is very limited to the recovery of animals fol owing spinal cord injury. Methylcobalamin is a common drug for the treatment of neurological diseases and injuries, but its effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are unclear. OBJECTIVE:To study the feasibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s differentiating into neuron-like cel s induced by methylcobalamin in vitro and to observe the cel viability and proliferation of differentiated cel s. Methods:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated, cultured and purified by density gradient centrifugation and adherent culture. The fourth to fifth generation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours with different concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/L) of methylcobalamin. The morphological changes and cel growth were continuously observed under an inverted phase constract microscope. The viability of induced cel s was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The expressions of Nestin and neuron-specific enolase were identified by reverse transcription PCR and western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Most of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s could differentiate into neuron-like cel s after induction with methylcobalamin. The expressions of Nestin and neuron-specific enolase were up-regulated after 48 hours of methylcobalamin treatment at different concentrations, especial y after treatment with 100 mg/L methylcobalamin. Similarly, the expressions of Nestin and neuron-specific enolase could be increased significantly after 100 mg/L methylcobalamin treatment for 24, 48 and 72 hours, especial y for 72 hours. It is indicated that methylcobalamin can induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s differentiating into neuron-like cel s, and the optimal concentration of methylcobalamin is 100 mg/L.
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BACKGROUND:Danhong injection, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation, can improve microenvironment injury after cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s combined with Danhong injection on expression of GAP-43 and Bcl-2 after cerebral infarction in rats. METHODS:Sixty Wistar rats were selected to prepare models of cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion and then randomly divided into control group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group, and combination group. Control group received tail vein injection of PBS. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group received tail vein injection of 2.5×109/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension. Combination group received injection of 2.5× 109/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension+2 mL/kg Danhong injection, for 5 consecutive days, once a day. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no significant differences in the neurological dysfunction scores among the three groups at 24 hour and 3 days after implantation (P>0.05). The neurological dysfunction scores in the ombination group were significantly lower than those in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and control group at 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). In the combination group, GAP-43 and Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher than the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and control group (P<0.05). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation combined with Danhong injection can significantly promote the local expression of GAP-43 and Bcl-2 after cerebral infarction, and has obvious inhibitory effects on cel apoptosis in rats with cerebral infarction.
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.015
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.001
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.017
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.024
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.010
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.016
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.001