ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccination is an alternative strategy to homologous vaccination, especially in developing countries, due to shortages, delays, or unequal distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. We compared cohorts vaccinated with different vaccine combinations to investigate whether a heterologous booster dose of mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine boosts the immune response in individuals primed with the CoronaVac vaccine. Methods: Anti-RBD IgG is generally measured 4 weeks after primary immunization and 4 weeks after booster vaccination. Data on anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) IgG antibody titers and clinical characteristics were provided by infection control units. Results: The highest median anti-RBD IgG antibody titers (14589 AU/mL) after primary immunization was observed in the group vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Antibody titers were lower 4 months or more after the second CoronaVac vaccine dose in CoronaVac recipients with or without previous COVID-19. In the homologous COVID-19 booster vaccine group (primed with two doses of CoronaVac 4 weeks apart and a single booster dose of CoronaVac) the median anti-RBD titers decreased from 1025 to 242 AU/mL before the booster dose. In the heterologous group (primed with two doses of CoronaVac 4 weeks apart and a single booster dose of BNT162b2), the median anti-RBD titer increased to 31624 AU/mL, a 132-fold increase, 16 days after the booster dose. Conclusions: After the second dose of CoronaVac, protective neutralizing antibody levels decrease over time, and a booster dose is required. Heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccination with BNT162b2 is effective at boosting neutralizing antibody levels.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19, the worst Pandemic of this decade caused significant morbidity and mortality in the past 3 years and still continue to hit the human kind with it’s evil skills. After the first and second COVID-19 wave the third wave has emerged with new variants and with high transmission rate and reduced efficiency of treatments and vaccines. The main treatment strategy remain same as symptomatic and supportive treatments. Oxygen therapy, Steroid, Antivirals and some repurposed drugs like Ivermectin and newer drugs including monoclonal antibodies are used in this fight against COVID-19. Ivermectin is being the game changer in many states of India, they kept this medicine in their new treatment protocol also. Vaccination including additional Booster/Precautionary Dose along with the COVID appropriate behaviours, if we are able to maintain Physical distance, Wear mask properly, Wash our hands and Prevent crowd from gathering then we will not allow the virus to spread and prevent the emergence of another wave
ABSTRACT
Background@#Healthcare works are high risk of infection through occupational exposure that contact with blood and other body fluids, including infected person, uses needles, syringes, equipment or exposures to sharp instruments. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, approximately 66,000 health workers are infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 200-5000 workers arc infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) each year due to carelessness. HBV infection is a global health problem that remains to preventive. Hepatitis B can be prevented by vaccines that are safe, available and effective. In our country, which has a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, it has been concluded that the coverage of hepatitis B vaccination and the level of immunity of health workers are insufficient.@*Aim@#To evaluate post vaccination immunity against HBV in the staff of National center for transfusion medicine @*Methods@#63 workers with negative surface antigen of hepatitis B (HBsAg) and absent anamnesis of infection were selected for this study. In 2019 and 2020 all 63 workers were evaluated post vaccination immunity against HBV. Analysis done by Sysmex HSCL800 that is an automated immune assay system. @*Results and discussion@#This center was begun to conduct the vaccination of workers from 2011. Among total 63 individuals involved in this study 53 (84.1%) were vaccinated against hepatitis B and 10 (15.9%) were not vaccinated. From the vaccinated 53 workers, 47 (88,7%) have immunized (anti-H Bs > 1 Ou/ml) but 6 (11.3%) of them were not immunized (anti-HBs <1 Ou/ml).</br> Therefore 1(1,9%) worker of them received just first dose, 14 (26.4%) workers were injected second dose, whereas 38 (71.7%) workers were vaccinated with third dose. The study shows that 12 (85.7%) workers after second dose and 34 (89.5%) workers after third dose were immunized.@*Conclutions@#As a result of hepatitis B vaccination, 88.7% of workers of the NCTM have had immunized against HBV. The final evaluation shows that 36 (57%) of workers had stable, 17 (27%) increased, and 10(16%) decreased level of immunization than the previous year.
ABSTRACT
Se estudió la cinética individual y colectiva de la dinámica de la respuesta inmune y sus categorías, utilizando como modelo la respuesta de anticuerpos contra el antígeno de superficie del virus productor de la hepatitis B. En estudiantes de Medicina latinoamericanos, de 20 años promedio, se cuantificó la permanencia de niveles de anticuerpos después de 3 años de un esquema completo de inmunización y se encontraron valores promedio de 168 UI/L, un incremento de 757 UI/L en 15 días post refuerzo, lo que permitió estudiar el índice de memoria / durabilidad que fue 5,5 y conocer el incremento en UI/L por día y por microgramo de antígeno: 29 UI/ µg de antígeno. Se estimó, a partir de los valores de durabilidad a los 3 años de vacunados, la intensidad de la respuesta post esquema, que fue 336UI/L; igualmente a partir de los valores alcanzados al analizar memoria, 925 UI/L, pronosticamos una seroprotección hasta 18 años más, es decir, hasta el 2023. Obtuvimos resultados preliminares de utilización del modelo cinético para estudio de inmunoeficiencia.
It was studied the individual and collective kinetics of the dynamics of the immune response and their categories using like a model the response of antibodies against the antigen of surface of the virus producing of the hepatitis B. In students of Medicine 20 years old average, a permanency of antibodies of 168 UI/L was observed, after 3 years of a complete outline of immunization, an increment of 757 UI/L in 14 days post booster, what allowed to study the index by memory / durability that was 5.5 and to know the increment in UI/L per day (54 UI/day) and for antigen micro-gramme: 37.8 UI/µg. It was considered, starting from permanency of antibodies to the 3 years of vaccination, the intensity of the response post schedule that was 336UI/L, equally starting from the values reached in the memory, 925 UI/L, we prognosis a seroprotection up to 18 years or more, that is to say up to the 2023. We obtained preliminary results of use of the kinetic pattern for immune-efficiency study.