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1.
Medisan ; 22(4)abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894712

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 125 pacientes con cáncer de pulmón, ingresados y diagnosticados en el Servicio de Neumología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, de enero de 2015 a octubre de 2016, con vistas a caracterizarles según variables clínicas y epidemiológicas de interés, además de factores de riesgo genéticos y no genéticos, independientemente de las características histológicas y el estadio clínico del proceso neoplásico. Entre los resultados preponderantes figuraron el sexo masculino y el grupo etario de 51-69 años -- aunque fue evidente el incremento del número de féminas y de pacientes en las edades más jóvenes de la vida --, igualmente la broncoscopia como método diagnóstico, la localización en el pulmón derecho, el adenocarcinoma como variedad histológica, el tabaquismo entre los factor de riesgo no genético y el parentesco de primer grado en los factores genéticos. La mayoría de los afectados presentaban menos de un año de evolución y un elevado porcentaje correspondía al estadio IV de la enfermedad.


A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 125 patients with lung cancer, admitted and diagnosed in the Pneumology Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2015 to October, 2016, aimed at characterizing them according to clinical and epidemiological variables of interest, besides genetic and non genetic risk factors, independently from the histological characteristics and the clinical stage of the neoplastic process. Among the predominant results there were the male sex and the age group 51-69, although the increment of the females and of patients in the youngest ages in the life was evident --, equally the bronchoscopy as diagnostic method, the localization in the right lung, the adenocarcinoma as histological variety, smoking habit among non genetic risk factors and the first degree relation in the genetic factors. Most of the affected patients presented a clinical course shorter than a year and a high percentage were in the stage IV of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Secondary Care , Bronchoscopy , Pulmonary Medicine , Cross-Sectional Studies , Genetic Diseases, Inborn
2.
J. bras. pneumol ; 38(2): 218-225, mar.-abr. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-623401

ABSTRACT

O carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar e os adenocarcinomas mistos com componente bronquíolo-alveolar têm apresentações variadas e múltiplos padrões por imagem. O objetivo deste ensaio foi descrever e ilustrar os achados mais característicos desses tumores em TC. São descritas três apresentações: nódulo pulmonar solitário, consolidação e apresentação difusa, sendo que as duas últimas são importantes no diagnóstico diferencial com acometimento infeccioso. O conhecimento das diversas apresentações e a utilização de propedêutica diagnóstica adequada são definitivos para o diagnóstico precoce e o aumento na sobrevida.


Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma has various presentations and a wide spectrum of imaging patterns, as does adenocarcinoma with a bronchioloalveolar component. The objective of this essay was to describe and illustrate the CT findings that are most characteristic of these tumors. Three presentations are described: solitary pulmonary nodule, consolidation, and diffuse pattern. The last two should be included in the differential diagnosis, together with infectious diseases. Knowledge of the various presentations and the use of proper diagnostic procedures are crucial to early diagnosis and to improving survival.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar , Adenocarcinoma , Lung Neoplasms , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar , Adenocarcinoma , Diagnosis, Differential , Lung Neoplasms , Positron-Emission Tomography , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
3.
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(2): 167-174, mar.-abr. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-546370

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os aspectos clínico-patológicos do carcinoma bronquioloalveolar (CBA) e a sobrevida em uma amostra de pacientes com estadiamento clínico I. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados retrospectivamente 26 pacientes com diagnóstico de CBA e estágio clínico I, , segundo a classificação tumor-node-metastasis (TNM, tumor-linfonodo-metástase),(15)operados no Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, entre 1987 e 2007, quanto a variáveis clínico-patológicas e radiológicas, mortalidade e sobrevida. Os dados foram colhidos dos prontuários médicos dos pacientes e analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Houve predomínio de mulheres (n = 16). A idade média ao diagnóstico foi de 68,5 anos. Houve predomínio de tabagistas (69,2 por cento). As formas de apresentação assintomática (84,6 por cento) e nodular (88,5 por cento) foram as mais comuns. Houve predileção pelos lobos superiores (57,7 por cento). O estágio patológico IB foi o mais comum, seguido pelos estágios IA e IIB (46,2 por cento, 38,4 por cento e 15,4 por cento, respectivamente). Não houve óbitos hospitalares. Quatro pacientes faleceram durante o seguimento pós-operatório, com tempo livre de doença médio de 21,3 meses. A taxa de sobrevida global em cinco anos foi 83 por cento. A probabilidade de sobrevida para os pacientes diagnosticados depois de 1999 tendeu a ser maior do que para aqueles diagnosticados até 1999 (taxa de sobrevida em três anos: 92 por cento vs. 68 por cento; p = 0,07). CONCLUSÕES: Os aspectos clínico-patológicos da amostra estudada foram semelhantes àqueles de estudos anteriores em pacientes com CBA.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinicopathological aspects of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and the survival in a sample of patients at clinical stage I. METHODS: A retrospective study involving 26 patients diagnosed with clinical stage I BAC and undergoing surgery at the Thoracic Diseases Institute of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 1987 and 2007. We analyzed clinicopathological and radiological aspects, as well as mortality and survival. The data, which were collected from the medical charts of the patients, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Females predominated (n = 16). The mean age at diagnosis was 68.5 years. Most patients were active smokers (69.2 percent). The most common forms of presentation of BAC were the asymptomatic form (84.6 percent) and the nodular form (88.5 percent). Involvement of the upper lobes predominated (57.7 percent). Stage IB was the most common pathological stage, followed by stages IA and IIB (46.2 percent, 38.4 percent and 15.4 percent, respectively). There was no in-hospital mortality. Four patients died during the postoperative follow-up, with a mean disease-free survival time of 21.3 months. The overall five-year survival rate was 83 percent. The probability of survival for the patients diagnosed after 1999 showed a trend toward an increase when compared with that for those diagnosed up through 1999 (three-year survival rate: 92 percent vs. 68 percent; p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The clinicopathological aspects of this study sample were similar to those of patients with BAC evaluated in previous studies.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/mortality , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/mortality , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Epidemiologic Methods , Neoplasm Staging , Sex Distribution , Smoking/epidemiology
4.
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(2): 186-189, fev. 2009. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-507336

ABSTRACT

Tumores neurogênicos malignos do mediastino em adultos são raros e extremamente agressivos. Este artigo relata o caso de um paciente de 61 anos com a ocorrência simultânea de schwannoma maligno de mediastino e carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar. Apesar do carcinoma bronquíolo-alveolar estar presente em 4-7 por cento dos tumores torácicos sincrônicos ressecados, essa associação nunca foi apresentada na literatura. É, no entanto, um achado frequente em pacientes com infiltrados aparentemente inflamatórios e com opacidades em vidro fosco, como apresentado neste caso.


Malignant neurogenic mediastinal tumors in adults are uncommon and extremely aggressive. We report the case of a 61-year-old male patient with the simultaneous occurrence of malignant mediastinal schwannoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Although bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is present in 4-7 percent of the resected synchronous thoracic tumors, this association has never been reported in the literature. However, it is a common finding in patients presenting apparently inflammatory infiltrates and ground-glass opacities, as in the case presented here.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/surgery , Fatal Outcome , Mediastinal Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery , Neurilemmoma/surgery
5.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-505144

ABSTRACT

La broncoscopía constituye uno de los avances más significativos en el manejo de las enfermedades respiratorias; en su surgimiento se involucraron técnicas de laringoscopía, intubación endotraqueal, endoscopía digestiva y otras disciplinas afines, el descubrimiento de la luz incandescente y el infinito e insaciable sentido humano del conocimiento. Sus inicios se remontan a épocas muy lejanas y aunque muchos sembraron los cimientos para su desarrollo, nombres como Gustav Killian, Chevalier Jackson y Shigeto Ikeda marcaron pautas en la evolución y el perfeccionamiento de este proceder, que ha permitido llevar su alcance a usos diagnósticos y terapéuticos extraordinariamente ventajosos para el desarrollo neumológico, aunque quizás solo estemos ante un anticipo del futuro promisorio que nos ofrecerá esta ya centenaria técnica endoscópica.


Bronchoscopy is one of the most significant advances in management of respiratory diseases, in its commencement, several laryngoscopic techniques were involved, endotracheal intubations, digestive endoscopies and other similar disciplines, the discovery of incandescent light and the insatiable human thirst for knowledge. Its beginnings are from very long ago and although many have tiled the floor for its development, names such as Gustav Killian, Chevalier Jackson and Shigeto Ikeda marked a significance in the evolution and perfection of this procedure, which has allowed its diagnostic , prognostic and therapeutic use for neumologic development; even when we are just facing a preliminary of a promissory future offered by this centenary endoscopic technique.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bronchoscopy/history , Bronchoscopy/methods , Glottis , Laryngoscopes , Pulmonary Medicine
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