ABSTRACT
The epithelium of the human epididymis maintains an appropriate luminal environment for sperm maturation that is essential for male fertility. Regional expression of small noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs contributes to segment-specific gene expression and differentiated functions. MicroRNA profiles were reported in human epididymal tissues but not specifically in the epithelial cells derived from those regions. Here, we reveal miRNA signatures of primary cultures of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis epithelial cells and of the tissues from which they were derived. We identify 324 epithelial cell-derived microRNAs and 259 tissue-derived microRNAs in the epididymis, some of which displayed regionalized expression patterns in cells and/or tissues. Caput cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-573 and miR-155. Cauda cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-1204 and miR-770. Next, we determined the gene ontology pathways associated with in silico predicted target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs. The effect of androgen receptor stimulation on miRNA expression was also investigated. These data show novel epithelial cell-derived miRNAs that may regulate the expression of important gene networks that are responsible for the regionalized gene expression and function of the epididymis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Androgens/pharmacology , Computer Simulation , Epididymis/metabolism , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Epithelium/metabolism , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects , MicroRNAs/genetics , Primary Cell Culture , Receptors, Androgen/metabolism , Sequence Analysis, RNAABSTRACT
The epithelium of the human epididymis maintains an appropriate luminal environment for sperm maturation that is essential for male fertility. Regional expression of small noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs contributes to segment-specific gene expression and differentiated functions. MicroRNA profiles were reported in human epididymal tissues but not specifically in the epithelial cells derived from those regions. Here, we reveal miRNA signatures of primary cultures of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis epithelial cells and of the tissues from which they were derived. We identify 324 epithelial cell-derived microRNAs and 259 tissue-derived microRNAs in the epididymis, some of which displayed regionalized expression patterns in cells and/or tissues. Caput cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-573 and miR-155. Cauda cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-1204 and miR-770. Next, we determined the gene ontology pathways associated with in silico predicted target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs. The effect of androgen receptor stimulation on miRNA expression was also investigated. These data show novel epithelial cell-derived miRNAs that may regulate the expression of important gene networks that are responsible for the regionalized gene expression and function of the epididymis.
ABSTRACT
Portal vein contributes to more than 70 % blood flow to the liver the significant increases in portal venous blood pressure is associated with major systemic manifestations. Having a knowledge about Portal Blood supply is important tio any clinician, gastroenterologist or any Hepatic Surgeon. The Article outlines the rare development of Portal Cavernoma in a patient who had Portal Hypertension. Portal cavernoma is a consequence of portal vein thrombosis. We Present a case of a lady with mild Right hypochondriac pain who on evaluation was found to have Cavernomatous transformation of Portal vein without any other abnormality.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the appearances of multiple MRI sequences and the accuracy of the assessment of resectability in caput pancreatic carcinoma.Methods:MRI appearances were analyzed retrospectively in nineteen patients with histopathology or clinical examination proved carcinoma in the head of pancreas,and the assessment of resectability was compared with the findings of surgical and histopathology.Plain MRI sequences included:coronal scanning with T2-weighted 2D true-fast imaging with steady-state free precession,axial scanning using T1-weighted fast low angle single shot with fat suppression,T2-weighted half-Fourier single shot turbo spin-echo with fat suppression,and MRI cholangiopancreatography.The contrast-enhanced scanning procedures were axial scanning using T1-weighted 3D volume interpolated breathhold examination with fat suppression,the imaging were obtained during arterial phase,portal vein and delayed phase scanning.Results:Of 19 lesions in these patients,17 lesions showed hypo-intensity on T1WI of plain sequences,and normal pancreats showed hyper-intensity.15 lesions showed hyper-intensity or immingled-intensity on T2WI,one appended with cyst.During pancreatic arterial phase,18 lesions did not show enhancement,contrasting with the normal pancreas showing evidently enhancement,so the borderline of carcinoma was clear.During portal vein and delayed phase,17 lesions showed inhomogeneous slight enhancement,peripheral vas of pancreas in 17 cases were contacted or involved by tumor.3 transfer lesions in hepar showed slight enhancement.13 cases showed dilatation at both common bile duct and pancreatic duct as a typical double duct sign on MRCP.According to the assessment of MRI,7 cases could be resected,and 12 cases could not be resected.The assessment of 14 cases agreed with the surgical and histopathological findings.Conclusion:Carcinoma of pancreatic head is shown with many features on multiple MRI sequences.MRI examination has a high accuracy for the diagnosis and the assessment of resectability in carcinoma of pancreatic head,which is helpful in choosing project of therapy.
ABSTRACT
[Objective]To study Bone microdmage to osteoavascular epiphysis caput humeralis in teenagers of the guts outbreak mechanism and make a diagnosis and give treatment in early stage important point.[Method]The review was from 138 patients of the shoulder department ache with shoulder joint movable function obstacle that orthopedics out-patient service of 2004~2005.There was X-rays / CT,the blood bio-chemical 5 example among the teenager of the patients,it was observed by medium short-term curative effect.We was combined a related cultural heritage study,put forward to make a diagnosis and gave treatment to have the instruction meaning to the clinic of four expect to categorize a method,and to early,medium,later period the non-surgical operation treatment observation.[Result]In 138 patients,there were 5 teenager patients who were the epiphysis of head humeralis bone microdamage ON,through the function instauration was normal:Earlier period 2 cases of 1~4 weeks,middle period 2 cases of 5~8 weeks,the later period 1 case of 4~6 months.We choose the medicine of prescription with the independence,"Huo xue hua yu","Bu shen zhuanggu","Tong luo zhi tong" medicinal broth,the right amount internal use outside use,having already obtained good result.We have already observated the serious bone arthritis/canceration,resulting in serious result(in another report).[Conclusion]Once or more shoulder was bone microdamage lead the caput epiphysis humeralis occurrence ON of guts.We observe the sufferer whom had the clinical symptom,physical sign,according to the clinical performance,course of disease's long/short,imageology atc.The suggestion is divided into early,medium,night and most late four periods,for the convenience of the choice treatment measure.Because of various reason,long and non-healing cases might develop to the most later period of case,such as the avascular osteo arthritis/canceration.