Notas sobre o discurso de ódio e a censura na peça de teatro A menina e sua sombra de menino / Notes on hate speech and censorship in the theater play The girl and her boy's shadow / Notas sobre el discurso de odio y la censura en la obra de teatro La niña y su sombra de niño

Este artigo objetiva discutir a presença do discurso de ódio e da censura na peça de teatro A menina e sua sombra de menino durante a passagem de sua apresentação pela cidade de Campos Novos/SC, a partir dos pressupostos psicanalíticos de Freud, Lacan e seus contemporâneos. O espetáculo apresenta a história de uma menina que utiliza as brincadeiras para compor o seu mundo e a sua vida subjetiva. No entanto, como há uma diversidade no campo do brincar das crianças, a protagonista se intriga com tamanha variedade e seus usos no tempo peculiar da constituição psíquica. Assim, inevitável foi o encontro com a delimitação preconceituosa na qual impera uma maneira de conceber as brincadeiras consideradas apropriadas às meninas, e, do mesmo modo, as que são apontadas como adequadas aos meninos. Isso torna-se agravante e espantoso na medida em que uma parte da população do mencionado município catarinense manifesta desinformação com ataques virtuais odientos e reprimendas por meio de suas crenças políticas e religiosas com relação à peça. Nesse estudo, apontamos o diálogo em torno da arte na cultura e suas ressonâncias na infância para demonstrar que as crianças se constituem enquanto sujeitos pela singularidade de suas fantasias e de seus desejos.

This article aims to discuss the presence of hate speech and censorship in the theatre play The girl and her boy's shadow during its presentation in the city of Campos Novos, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from the psychoanalytic assumptions of Freud, Lacan, and his contemporaries. The play presents the story of a girl who uses games to compose her world and her subjective life, however, since there is a diversity in the field of children's play, the protagonist is intrigued by such variety and its uses in the peculiar time of the psychic constitution. Therefore, the encounter with the prejudiced delimitation was inevitable, in which reigns a way of conceiving the games considered appropriate for girls and in the same way, those that are considered appropriate for boys. This becomes aggravating and astonishing because part of the population of the mentioned city of Santa Catarina manifests disinformation with virtual attacks of hate and reprimands following their political and religious beliefs in relation to the play. In this study, we point out the dialogue around art in culture and its resonances in childhood to demonstrate that children are constituted as subjects by the singularity of their fantasies and desires.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la presencia de discursos de odio y censura en la obra de teatro La niña y su sombra de niño durante el paso de su presentación por la ciudad de de Campos Novos, estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, a partir de presupuestos psicoanalíticos de Freud a Lacan y sus contemporáneos. El espectáculo presenta la historia de una niña que usa los juegos para componer su mundo y su vida subjetiva, sin embargo, como hay una diversidad en el campo del juego infantil, la protagonista se intriga por semejante variedad y sus usos en el tiempo peculiar de la constitución psíquica. Así, fue inevitable el encuentro con la delimitación prejuiciosa, en la que impera una manera de concebir los juegos que se consideran adecuados para las niñas y, del mismo modo, aquellos que se consideran apropiados para los niños. Esto se vuelve agravante y espantoso en la medida en que parte de la población del mencionado municipio catarinense manifiesta desinformación con ataques virtuales odiosos y reprimendas a través de sus creencias políticas y religiosas con respecto a la obra. En este estudio, apuntamos el diálogo en torno al arte en la cultura y sus resonancias en la infancia para demostrar que los niños se constituyen como sujetos por la singularidad de sus fantasías y deseos.

1979: A (quase) primeira bissexual protagonista em telenovela / 1979: The (almost) first bisexual protagonist in telenovela / 1979: La (casi) primera bisexual protagonista en telenovela

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir a representação da primeira protagonista bissexual de telenovela. Trata-se de Paloma, da obra Os Gigantes de Lauro César Muniz exibida pela TV Globo entre os anos de 1979 e 1980 na faixa das 20h. Por meio de uma análise documental, a partir do entendimento da TV de Papel e do Recurso Comunicativo, estudamos a repercussão da identidade bissexual da personagem em jornais e revistas massivos, de cunho geral e especializado. Também consultamos documentos da Divisão de Censura de Diversões Públicas com o objetivo de perceber a interferência censória na telenovela, no tocante à lesbianidade.

This paper aims to present and discuss the representation of the first bisexual protagonist of a telenovela. This is Paloma, from the play Os Gigantes by Lauro César Muniz shown by TV Globo between the years of 1979 and 1980 in the band of 8pm. Through a documentary analysis, based on the understanding of the TV de Papel and the Communicative Resource, we study the repercussion of the bisexual identity of the character in mass and specialized newspapers and magazines. Also consulted the documents of the Divisão de Censura de Diversões Públicas with the objective of perceiving the censoring interference in the telenovela, regarding lesbianity.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar y discutir la representación de la primera protagonista bisexual de telenovela. Se trata de Paloma, de la obra Os Gigantes de Lauro César Muniz exhibida por la TV Globo entre los años 1979 y 1980 en lo prime time (20h). Por medio de un análisis documental, a partir del entendimiento de la TV de Papel y del Recurso Comunicativo estudiamos la repercusión de la identidad bisexual del personaje en periódicos y revistas masivos, de carácter general y especializado. También se consultó los documentos de la División de Censura de Diversiones Públicas con el objetivo de percibir la interferencia censoria en la telenovela, en lo que se refiere a la lesbianidad.

Do inefável, um instante: algumas reflexões sobre as sessões de psicanálise apoiadas nas elaborações de W. R. Bion / From the ineffable, one moment some reflections on psychoanalysis sessions supported by W. R. Bion's theories / De lo inefable, un instante algunas reflexiones sobre las sesiones de psicoanálisis apoyadas en las elaboraciones de W. R. Bion / De l'ineffable, un instant quelques réflexions concernant les séances psychanalytiques fondées sur les élaborations de W. R. Bion

Este texto se baseia nas (e se articula com as) formulações teóricas de Bion. Focaliza as observações e conjecturas do analista, a mente do analista, adotando a ideia de que o germe de seus pensamentos, mesmo que equivocados, surge na relação entre analista e analisando. Apoiando-se fortemente no conceito de cesura, apresenta a conjectura imaginativa/teórica de uma intersecção dos tempos passado, presente e futuro, vivenciada na experiência em curso na sessão de análise. Essa intersecção de tempos remete quem a vivencia a sua própria história de vida e à possibilidade de "ser lançado" para um futuro, movimentos que podem ser evitados devido a incontáveis fontes de angústia, algumas apresentadas no texto. Quando o analista é capaz de tolerar essas angústias, ele encontra condições para formulações verbais favorecedoras do desenvolvimento mental da dupla. Das vivências infinitas, inefáveis, talvez o analista alcance a linguagem de achievement em sua interpretação.

This article is based on (and connects with) Bion's theories. It focuses on the analyst's remarks and beliefs, his mind, embracing the idea that his germs of thoughts, even when mistaken, arouse from the relationship between the analyst and the analyzed one. It is strongly supported by the censorship concept, showing imaginative/theoretical beliefs of an intersection of past, present and future times, experimented when the analysis sessions were happening. This time intersection take those who experiment it, back to his life history and to the possibility of being taken to the future, a number of actions that can be avoided due to countless anguish sources, some of them presented in the text. When the analyst is able to tolerate this anguish, he finds ways to verbal communication favoring the mental development of both. After endless experiences, ineffable ones, maybe the analyst finds the achievement language in his interpretation.

Este texto se basa (y se articula con las) formulaciones teóricas de Bion. Focaliza las observaciones y conjeturas del analista, la mente del analista, adoptando la idea de que el germen de sus pensamientos, aunque equivocados, surge en la relación entre analista y analizado. Apoyándose con fuerza en el concepto de cesura, presenta la conjetura imaginativa/teórica de una intersección de los tiempos pasado, presente y futuro, vivenciada en la experiencia en curso de la sesión de análisis. Esta intersección de tiempos remite a quien la vive a su propia historia de vida y a la posibilidad de "ser lanzado" para un futuro, movimientos que pueden ser evitados debido a incontables fuentes de angustia, algunas presentadas en el texto. Cuando el analista es capaz de tolerar esas angustias, encuentra condiciones para formulaciones verbales favorecedoras del desarrollo mental del dúo. De las vivencias infinitas, inefables, tal vez el analista alcance el lenguaje de achievement en su interpretación.

Ce texte se fonde sur (et s'articule aux) formulations théoriques de Bion. Il examine les remarques et conjectures de l'analyste, l'esprit de l'analyste, en adoptant l'idée que le germe de ses pensées, même si celles-ci ne sont pas correctes, apparaît dans le rapport entre l'analyste et l'analysant. En s'appuyant fortement sur le concept de césure, il présente la conjecture imaginative/théorique d'une intersection des temps passée, présent et futur, vécue dans l'expérience en cours dans la séance d'analyse. Cette intersection de temps, renvoie celui qui la vit à sa propre histoire de vie et à la possibilité "d'être lancé" vers un avenir. Ces mouvements peuvent être évités en raison de nombreuses sources d'angoisses, dont le texte présente quelques-unes. Lorsque l'analyste est capable de tolérer ces angoisses, il retrouve des conditions pour employer des formulations verbales qui favorisent le développement mental des deux. Appuyé sur des vécues infinies, ineffables, l'analyste atteint peut-être le langage d'achièvement dans son interprétation.

Discussion on Ethical Censorship of New Medical Technology / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Since the Beijing health and family planning commission promulgated the new medical technology management system,we have accepted and reviewed 14 key medical technologies in Beijing,such as resection of the skull base tumor (intracranial tumor outside communication),resection of intracranial important functional areas and large vascular malformation,renal vascular reconstruction technique,the technique of artificial joint replacement,coronary interventional diagnosis and treatment technology,etc.Through the existing laws and regulations requirements from medical new technology,the ethical review way,submit materials requirements and ethical review focus is analyzed,and combining with the experiences of our hospital in the medical technical review,aims to explore suitable for medical technology ethical review specification.

Sartre, Freud e a oposição entre má-fé e inconsciente / Sartre, Freud and the opposition between bad faith and unconscious

Pretendemos problematizar a leitura sartriana de Freud e uma leitura freudiana de Sartre a fim de apontar suas limitações e questões fundamentais feitas de um lado para o outro. Para tanto, analisaremos um aspecto da relação entre censura e consciência na dinâmica do inconsciente tal como apresentada nas Conferências introdutórias à psicanálise (Freud, 1916-1917), e um da relação entre má-fé e consciência na ontologia fenomenológica de O ser e o nada (Sartre, 1943). Queremos concluir que, para além de uma oposição irredutível entre má-fé e inconsciente, pode haver um campo comum e profícuo de questões caras a sartrianos e freudianos.

We intend to problematize the sartrian reading of Freud and a freudian reading of Sartre, in order to point out their limitations and fundamental questions made from one side to the other. For this, we will analyze an apsect of the the relationship between censorship and consciousness in the dynamics of the unconscious as presented in the Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis (Freud, 1916-1917), and one of the relationship between bad faith and consciousness in the phenomenological ontology of Being and Nothingness (Sartre, 1943). We want to conclude that, beyond an irreducible opposition between bad faith and unconscious, there may be a common and fruitful field of issues dear to sartreans and freudians.

Interações públicas, censura privada: o caso do Facebook / Public interactions, private censorship: the case of Facebook

Resumo O Facebook é apresentado como uma plataforma de relacionamento social on-line transnacional em que ocorrem debates e interações públicas. O texto traz um levantamento sobre o controle privado das expressões culturais e políticas realizadas pelos gestores da plataforma, que pode ser definido como censura privada. Casos de remoção de conteúdo são apresentados, e são expostas as políticas de controle do Facebook. O texto mostra ainda que as regras do Facebook trazem fortes componentes discricionários e uma estética que pode ser apresentada como um tipo de biopolítica da sociedade informacional.

Abstract Facebook is examined as a transnational online social networking platform where public discussions and interactions take place. The study surveys the private control of cultural and political expressions exercised by the platform’s managers, which can be defined as private censorship. Cases of removal of content are presented and Facebook’s political control policies discussed. The article also shows how Facebook rules display highly discretionary components and an aesthetic that can be portrayed as a kind of biopolitics of the information-age society.

The Construction of the Faculty of Hamheung Medical College in North Korea, 1946-48: An Unrest Coexistence of Political Ideology and Medical Expertise / 의사학

This paper aims to reveal how Hamheung Medical College in North Korea kept up its faculty with the trend of a new political system. The time period consists of three series of evaluations that occurred between the start of a reformation action in 1946 and the establishment of the regime in 1948. At the time, it was difficult to secure college faculty in the medical field, because of a serious shortage of medical personnel. Moreover, the problem in the recruitment of faculty at the medical college grew bigger since the members were required to have a high level of political consciousness. Then how did Hamheung Medical College accomplish this ideal securing of faculty that possessed political ideology and medical expertise? For the first time, a faculty evaluation at the local level was carried out and got rid of a few pro-Japanese or reactionary factions but maintained most of the faculty. Although academic background and research career of the faculty were considered, securing of the manpower in terms of number was crucial for the reconstruction of a professional school level. At the second time, as the central education bureau's intervention tightened the censorship, most of the faculty were evaluated as unqualified. Indeed, it was difficult to satisfy the standard of professionalism which emphasized a high level of academic career and political thought that included affiliation of Workers' Party of North Korea. The Medical College could not find faculty that could replace those professors and therefore, most of them maintained their faculty positions. Since then, the faculty who received excellent evaluations led the school at the very front. At the third time, the Medical College itself led the evaluations and implemented more relaxed standards of political ideology and medical expertise. Faculty who were cooperative to the reformation actions that North Korea carried forward or had working experience at the hospital and health service received a high level of recognition. Accordingly, the Medical College expanded itself by securing many professors, but also embodied a large gap of academic and ideological levels between them. Hence, the political ideology and medical expertise, which were set forth as the requirements for faculty, were constructed in the space of political ideal and social reality. Despite the high criteria the North Korean Government made, Hamheung Medical College's faculty fell below the average in terms of ideological and academic standards. As a way to compensate this, professors who greatly satisfied the both virtues were placed as leaders and, for supporting them, professors who taught the general education curriculum were recruited largely. And also, it appointed a large number of medical doctors who accumulated experiences in the field as new professors. Nevertheless, the Medical College struggled to raise the quality of medical education and was unable to prevent a part of its faculty from leaving to South Korea in the time of the Korean War. Thus, the political and academic virtues of the faculty at that time were not just simply about the professor individuals but were interrelated with the medical education and health care system in North Korea.

Consummating ethics censorship system to promote administration of laboratory animal / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Based on the development of ethics of laboratory animal in our and foreign countries and the related problems in our country, the necessity and feasibility of construction of the ethics censorship sys-tem about the laboratory animal were discussed and some adviees were raised to promote administration of la-boratory animal.

Precensorship on Medical Advertisement

Medical advertisement had been prohibited for more than 50 years in Korea. On Oct 27, 2005 the Constitutional Court decided that complete ban of medical advertisement is against the Constitution so that medical advertisement should be permitted with some regulations. According to the decision, the Medical Advertisement Committee was established to precensor the medical advertisements. Doctors, medical institutions and medical corporations can advertise their careers, skills, and instruments after passing censorship of Medical Advertisement Committee. But passing censorship does not justify everything. The Medical Advertisement Committee considers whether the advertisements meet the minimal conditions of the regulatory laws. So the veracity of informations depends on advertiser's responsibility. If the information on advertisement is not scientifically true, the advertiser will be blamed for the falsity even though his advertisement had passed censorship. Also, Medical Advertisement Committee reviews advertisements in newspapers and magazines mainly, not on web pages. So the regulation of advertisements on web pages is carried out indirectly by consumer groups. The medical advertisement has just begun and the freedom of expression needs some trial and error.