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Objective To investigate the common bacteria and change in antimicrobial resistance in an intensive care unit (ICU)in the past 5 years,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Bacteria isolated from ICU patients in a tertiary first-class hospital from 2009 to 2013 were collected,identified,and per-formed antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results A total of 1 196 bacteria isolates were isolated in 2009-2013, the top five species were Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii,29.60%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P . aeruginosa,14.38%),Staphylococcus aureus (S .aureus ,12.21 %),Escherichia coli (E.coli,12.21 %),and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K .pneumoniae ,11 .37%).Resistance rates of S .aureus to oxacillin,gentamycin, clindamycim,ciprofloxacin,and rifampicin showed a decreasing tendency from 2009 to 2013(all P 80% in 2009-2011 and 10.53% in 2013,A.baumannii had high resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents(resistance rates were >80%)during 5 years.Resistance rates of K .pneumoniae and E. coli to piperacillin/tazobactam,cefazolin,cefepime,amikacin,and aztreonam had a decreased tendency in 2009 -2013(all P <0.05).Conclusion The common bacteria causing infection in the ICU of this hospital showed a down-ward trend,which may be related to the introduction of national policies and management of hospital,continuous management of antimicrobial agents is suggested,antimicrobial agents should be used rationally to prevent the in-crease of bacterial resistance.
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Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance and change trends ofUreaplasma urealyticum (Uu) from reproductive system of female patients at a traditional Chinese medicine hospital in three consecutive years. Methods Antimicrobial resistance of Uu isolated from gynaecology leucorrhea and cervical secretion specimens of patients of dermatology & sexually transmitted diseases department and gynaecology department from January 2011 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 327 Uu strains were isolated,except resistance rates of Uu to doxycycline(5.23%-6.12%)and josamycin(0-1 .96%)remained at a relatively low level in three consecutive years,resistance rate to the other antimicrobials showed an upward trend year by year,but the difference was not significant (P >0.05).The resistance of Uu to ofloxacin,clarithromycin and sparfloxacin were relatively high(42.11 %-61 .40%),to josamycin,doxycycline and minocycline were lower(0-13.07%),and multidrug re-sistance was serious.Conclusion Antimicrobial resistanc of Uu isolated from reproductive system of female patients in this hospital is high.It is necessary to realize the status and change trends of antimicrobial resistance of Uu for the treatment of disease and control of the emergence of multidrug resistance pathogens.
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Objective To study the clinical distribution of Listeria monocytogenes infection and the changes in drug resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from inpatients during recent 3 years,and to increase the awareness of the situation and provide data for clinical antibiotics application.Methods The clinical distribution of 22 cases of neonatal Listeria infection and drug resistance changes of Listeria were retrospectively analyzed in Bayi Children's Hospital from Jan.2011 to Dec.2013.Results Neonates began to be attacked by Listeria monocytogenes of 0.5 hours to 5 days (an average of 17.45 hours) after birth.The average birth weight was (2 331.82 ± 677.64) g.There were 7 full term cases and 15 premature infants,13 cases with low birth wcight.The average hospitalization was (21.91 ± 17.64)days.The cure rate was 45.45％ (10/22 cases).All the mothers of 15 cases had fever in the third trimester of pregnancy and the temperature was 37.5-39.5 ℃.Infection rate with Listeria monocytogenes in neonatal was 0.03％ (2/7 137 cases),0.11％ (8/7 281 cases) and 0.19％ (12/6 394 cases) in 3 years,respectively.From 2011 to 2013,the sensitive rate of antimicrobial drugs with Listeria monocytogencs to commonly used antimicrobial was 82.72％,75.40％ and 50.66％,and the rate of drug resistance was 17.28％,17.50％ and 11.01％,respectively.During 3 years,the rates of drug resistance had no significant difference (x2 =3.65,P ＞ 0.05),and the sensitive rates had a trend of declination year by year(x2 =36.87,P ＜ 0.01).The sensitive rates and the drugs resistant rates of penicillin were 33.93％ (19/56 cases)and 51.79％ (29/56 cases),respectively.In 3 years,the drugs resistant rates of penicillin was 100.00％,40.00％,and 46.43％,and the sensitive rate was 0,60.00％,25.00％,respectively.There was a high sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes to ampicillin,aminoglycoside,sugar peptide,tetracycline,macrolides,lincosamides,quinolone,sulfa and other classes (such as rifampicin).It showed the different drug resistance rates with 33.33％-100.00％ to oxacillin,penicillin G and nitrofurans.Conclusions These children has the characteristics of early-onset infection.The pregnant women and newborns are susceptible to high-risk groups.Infection rates with Listeria of neonatal and Listeria monocytogenes isolated from inpatients showed a trend of increase year by year.The cases were very sensitive to commonly used antimicrobial for killing Listeria monocytogenes.There was a trend of the declination for drug resistance to penicillin,but it was still at a higher level.The drugs resistance rate to oxacillin,penicillin G and nitrofurans were high.
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OBJECTIVE In order to supply the basis of reasonable use of antibiotics,investigation of the change in distribution and drug-resistance of isolated enterococci was made in our hospital.METHODS Enterococci were cultured,isolated and identified with ATB Expression microbe identification system.Drug-resistance was detected with ATB ENTEROC and was statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 1 354 strains of enterococci were isolated from 50 148 clinical specimens,the isolation rate was 2.7%.The main strain of enterococci was Enterococcus faecalis.E.faecium was the second one.The isolation rate of enterococci,which were the highest in urine specimens,was increasing in sputum specimens year by year.The drug-resistance rate of enterococci to erythromycin,rifampin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was high,but it was still sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin.CONCLUSIONS Great changes have taken place in bacterial distribution and drug-resistance of isolated enterococci,and the drug-resistance of strains of enterococci differed greatly.To insure effective treatment and decrease the infection of enterococci in hospital,the antibiotics sensitive to enterococci should been used on the basis of drug-resistance test when the infection of enterococci was treated clinically.