ABSTRACT
El infante que trabaja para subsistir, se expone a factores que favorecerían el desarrollo de patologías como la caries y las periodontopatías, lo cual altera su calidad de vida. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la frecuencia de las patologías bucodentales, necesidades de tratamiento y factores de riesgo presentes en la población de estudio. Estudio descriptivo de corte transverso, en 90 menores de edad, asistidos por FUNDAR, en los años 2009 y 2010, Paraguay. Previo consentimiento de los padres fueron evaluados con un cuestionario diseñado para el efecto. Las enfermedades más frecuentes fueron caries dental (97,8%) y alteraciones dento-maxilares (96,7%). Se reporta frecuencia adecuada de cepillado en 40% de los varones y 26% de las mujeres. La necesidad de tratamiento más frecuente es la restauración atraumática (91,1%). En cuanto a dieta, la población refiere bajos niveles de frecuencia de consumo, tanto de azúcares líquidos como de sólidos (en ambos casos: 84%); referente a los momentos, existe baja frecuencia de momentos inadecuados (24%) para azúcares líquidos, no así para sólidos (84%).Los índices de caries para las distintas denticiones (de 3,1 a 6,2) se hallan en el rango de moderadas y altas según escala de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). El cepillado y la frecuencia de ingesta de carbohidratos, como factores de riesgo, curiosamente presentan niveles muy bajos. En cuanto a los momentos de consumo, el riesgo se encuentra coherente en este estudio.
The child who works to survive is exposed to factors that would favor the development of pathologies such as caries and periodontopathies, which will alter his/her quality of life. The objective of this work was to describe the frequency of oral and dental pathologies, treatment needs and risk factors in the study population.This was a cross-sectional descriptive study including 90 minor children, assisted by FUNDAR in 2009 and 2010, in Paraguay.After obtaining the consent of their parents, the children were assessed using a questionnaire designed for this purpose.The most common diseases were dental caries (97.8%) and dento-maxillary anomalies (96.7%).Adequate tooth-brushing frequencies of 40% in males and 26% in females were found.The most frequently needed treatment was atraumatic restoration (91.1%).In relation to diet, the population referred low levels of consumption frequency of both liquid and solid sugars (in both cases: 84%); regarding time, there was a low frequency of inappropriate moments for liquid sugars (24%) but not for solid sugars (84%).The caries indexes for the different dentitions (from 3.1 to 6.2) were in the moderate and high ranges according to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) scale. The tooth-brushing and frequency of carbohydrate intake, as risk factors, curiously showed very low levels.Concerning moments of consumption, the risk was coherent in this study.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Risk Factors , Tooth Diseases , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento da competência emocional em crianças encontradas realizando trabalho informal nas ruas de duas cidades do nordeste brasileiro. Foram entrevistadas sessenta e sete crianças, com idades compreendidas entre quatro e doze anos, de ambos os sexos. O instrumento utilizado foi o Teste de Compreensão das Emoções. A coleta realizou-se no espaço da rua. Os resultados revelaram que apesar das crianças mais velhas terem obtido resultados melhores do que as mais novas estas diferenças não foram significativas. Foi observado que o Teste de Compreensão das Emoções foi bem aceito pelas crianças investigadas e revela-se como um instrumento de fácil utilização e que atinge os seus objetivos, no entanto sugerem-se novas investigações em contextos como o investigado. (AU)
The goal of the current research was to examine the development of nine components of emotions. For this purpose, 67 children, between 4 and 12 years old, who were found informally working on the streets of two cities in the Northeast of Brazil were interviewed. Children were given a version of the Test of Emotion Comprehension (TEC) to assess their understanding of nine different aspects of emotions. The collection of data happened in the space of the street. The results revealed that the oldest children obtained better results than the youngest ones. But these differences were not significant. It was observed that the TEC was well accepted by the investigated children and it is revealed as an instrument of easy use that reaches its objectives. (AU)